Django - 重建项目数据库
Django - Rebuild a project database
出于某些原因，我使用 MYSQL 命令 DROP DATABASE 删除了我的数据库。
我使用 Python3.6 和 Django 1.11 以及 MySQL 数据库。
所以现在，我应该如何在我的 models.py 之后重建我的 database/tables？
我只是使用了 makemigrations 但我有一些错误，比如 Django 没有忘记任何 tables。
manage.py makemigrations
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 292, in query
_mysql.connection.query(self, query)
django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: (1146, "Table 'agora.start_games' doesn't exist")
有关信息，'start' 是我的 django 项目中唯一的应用程序。我知道这个table不存在，我只想让所有重建。
然后，我尝试了：
root@raspberrypi:/home/django-project/agora# python3.6 manage.py migrate --run-syncdb
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 65, in execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 101, in execute
return self.cursor.execute(query, args)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 250, in execute
self.errorhandler(self, exc, value)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 50, in defaulterrorhandler
raise errorvalue
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 247, in execute
res = self._query(query)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 411, in _query
rowcount = self._do_query(q)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 374, in _do_query
db.query(q)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 292, in query
_mysql.connection.query(self, query)
_mysql_exceptions.ProgrammingError: (1146, "Table 'agora.start_games' doesn't exist")
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "manage.py", line 22, in <module>
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 363, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 355, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 283, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 327, in execute
self.check()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 359, in check
include_deployment_checks=include_deployment_checks,
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/migrate.py", line 62, in _run_checks
issues.extend(super(Command, self)._run_checks(**kwargs))
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 346, in _run_checks
return checks.run_checks(**kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/checks/registry.py", line 81, in run_checks
new_errors = check(app_configs=app_configs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/checks/urls.py", line 16, in check_url_config
return check_resolver(resolver)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/checks/urls.py", line 26, in check_resolver
return check_method()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 254, in check
for pattern in self.url_patterns:
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 35, in __get__
res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 405, in url_patterns
patterns = getattr(self.urlconf_module, "urlpatterns", self.urlconf_module)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 35, in __get__
res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 398, in urlconf_module
return import_module(self.urlconf_name)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 978, in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 961, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 950, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 655, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 678, in exec_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 205, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "/home/django-project/agora/agora/urls.py", line 21, in <module>
url(r'^start/', include('start.urls')),
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/conf/urls/__init__.py", line 50, in include
urlconf_module = import_module(urlconf_module)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 978, in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 961, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 950, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 655, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 678, in exec_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 205, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "/home/django-project/agora/start/urls.py", line 17, in <module>
from . import views
File "/home/django-project/agora/start/views.py", line 3, in <module>
from .forms import MinimumRegisterForm, GamesRegisterForm
File "/home/django-project/agora/start/forms.py", line 26, in <module>
class GamesRegisterForm(forms.Form):
File "/home/django-project/agora/start/forms.py", line 28, in GamesRegisterForm
for game in Games.objects.all().order_by('title'):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 250, in __iter__
self._fetch_all()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 1102, in _fetch_all
self._result_cache = list(self._iterable_class(self))
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 53, in __iter__
results = compiler.execute_sql(chunked_fetch=self.chunked_fetch)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 876, in execute_sql
cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 80, in execute
return super(CursorDebugWrapper, self).execute(sql, params)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 65, in execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 94, in __exit__
six.reraise(dj_exc_type, dj_exc_value, traceback)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/utils/six.py", line 685, in reraise
raise value.with_traceback(tb)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 65, in execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 101, in execute
return self.cursor.execute(query, args)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 250, in execute
self.errorhandler(self, exc, value)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 50, in defaulterrorhandler
raise errorvalue
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 247, in execute
res = self._query(query)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 411, in _query
rowcount = self._do_query(q)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 374, in _do_query
db.query(q)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 292, in query
_mysql.connection.query(self, query)
django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: (1146, "Table 'agora.start_games' doesn't exist")
第一步是在 MySQL 中再次创建数据库，并设置凭据：
mysql> create database foo; grant all on foo.* to someuser with password 'foopass';
然后，使用以上信息设置您的 settings.py 文件：
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'NAME': 'foo',
'USER': 'someuser',
'PASSWORD': 'foopass',
'HOST': '127.0.0.1',
}
}
下一步，运行 migrate --run-syncdb 选项：
python manage.py migrate --run-syncdb
这应该可以正确设置您的数据库。
我的问题解决了。对于遇到同样问题的人，这是我的解决方案。
1)备份你的Django项目并删除文件夹
2)新建同名Django项目
3) 创建新的同名 Django 应用程序
4) 导入并替换您的 settings.py
5) 输入 makemigrations 然后迁移命令
-> 数据库现已恢复（之前需要手动创建新数据库）
6) 您现在可以删除此项目并导入您的备份项目
7) 输入 makemigrations 然后迁移命令
-> 模型数据库现已完全恢复
/!\ 当然，所有数据都丢失了，我必须重新创建一个 Django 管理面板的超级用户。
出于某些原因，我使用 MYSQL 命令 DROP DATABASE 删除了我的数据库。
我使用 Python3.6 和 Django 1.11 以及 MySQL 数据库。
所以现在，我应该如何在我的 models.py 之后重建我的 database/tables？
我只是使用了 makemigrations 但我有一些错误，比如 Django 没有忘记任何 tables。
manage.py makemigrations
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 292, in query
_mysql.connection.query(self, query)
django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: (1146, "Table 'agora.start_games' doesn't exist")
有关信息，'start' 是我的 django 项目中唯一的应用程序。我知道这个table不存在，我只想让所有重建。
然后，我尝试了：
root@raspberrypi:/home/django-project/agora# python3.6 manage.py migrate --run-syncdb
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 65, in execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 101, in execute
return self.cursor.execute(query, args)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 250, in execute
self.errorhandler(self, exc, value)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 50, in defaulterrorhandler
raise errorvalue
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 247, in execute
res = self._query(query)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 411, in _query
rowcount = self._do_query(q)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 374, in _do_query
db.query(q)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 292, in query
_mysql.connection.query(self, query)
_mysql_exceptions.ProgrammingError: (1146, "Table 'agora.start_games' doesn't exist")
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "manage.py", line 22, in <module>
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 363, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 355, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 283, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 327, in execute
self.check()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 359, in check
include_deployment_checks=include_deployment_checks,
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/migrate.py", line 62, in _run_checks
issues.extend(super(Command, self)._run_checks(**kwargs))
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/management/base.py", line 346, in _run_checks
return checks.run_checks(**kwargs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/checks/registry.py", line 81, in run_checks
new_errors = check(app_configs=app_configs)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/checks/urls.py", line 16, in check_url_config
return check_resolver(resolver)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/checks/urls.py", line 26, in check_resolver
return check_method()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 254, in check
for pattern in self.url_patterns:
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 35, in __get__
res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 405, in url_patterns
patterns = getattr(self.urlconf_module, "urlpatterns", self.urlconf_module)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/utils/functional.py", line 35, in __get__
res = instance.__dict__[self.name] = self.func(instance)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/urls/resolvers.py", line 398, in urlconf_module
return import_module(self.urlconf_name)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 978, in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 961, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 950, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 655, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 678, in exec_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 205, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "/home/django-project/agora/agora/urls.py", line 21, in <module>
url(r'^start/', include('start.urls')),
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/conf/urls/__init__.py", line 50, in include
urlconf_module = import_module(urlconf_module)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 978, in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 961, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 950, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 655, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 678, in exec_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 205, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "/home/django-project/agora/start/urls.py", line 17, in <module>
from . import views
File "/home/django-project/agora/start/views.py", line 3, in <module>
from .forms import MinimumRegisterForm, GamesRegisterForm
File "/home/django-project/agora/start/forms.py", line 26, in <module>
class GamesRegisterForm(forms.Form):
File "/home/django-project/agora/start/forms.py", line 28, in GamesRegisterForm
for game in Games.objects.all().order_by('title'):
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 250, in __iter__
self._fetch_all()
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 1102, in _fetch_all
self._result_cache = list(self._iterable_class(self))
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 53, in __iter__
results = compiler.execute_sql(chunked_fetch=self.chunked_fetch)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 876, in execute_sql
cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 80, in execute
return super(CursorDebugWrapper, self).execute(sql, params)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 65, in execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 94, in __exit__
six.reraise(dj_exc_type, dj_exc_value, traceback)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/utils/six.py", line 685, in reraise
raise value.with_traceback(tb)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 65, in execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 101, in execute
return self.cursor.execute(query, args)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 250, in execute
self.errorhandler(self, exc, value)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 50, in defaulterrorhandler
raise errorvalue
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 247, in execute
res = self._query(query)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 411, in _query
rowcount = self._do_query(q)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/cursors.py", line 374, in _do_query
db.query(q)
File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/MySQLdb/connections.py", line 292, in query
_mysql.connection.query(self, query)
django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: (1146, "Table 'agora.start_games' doesn't exist")
第一步是在 MySQL 中再次创建数据库，并设置凭据：
mysql> create database foo; grant all on foo.* to someuser with password 'foopass';
然后，使用以上信息设置您的 settings.py 文件：
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'NAME': 'foo',
'USER': 'someuser',
'PASSWORD': 'foopass',
'HOST': '127.0.0.1',
}
}
下一步，运行 migrate --run-syncdb 选项：
python manage.py migrate --run-syncdb
这应该可以正确设置您的数据库。
我的问题解决了。对于遇到同样问题的人，这是我的解决方案。
1)备份你的Django项目并删除文件夹
2)新建同名Django项目
3) 创建新的同名 Django 应用程序
4) 导入并替换您的 settings.py
5) 输入 makemigrations 然后迁移命令
-> 数据库现已恢复（之前需要手动创建新数据库）
6) 您现在可以删除此项目并导入您的备份项目
7) 输入 makemigrations 然后迁移命令
-> 模型数据库现已完全恢复
/!\ 当然，所有数据都丢失了，我必须重新创建一个 Django 管理面板的超级用户。