R/RStudio - 安装 devtools 失败？
R/ RStudio - install devtools fails?
我正在尝试在我的 RStudio 中安装 devtools。但是我遇到了很多错误：
* installing *source* package ‘curl’ ...
** package ‘curl’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
Package libcurl was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing `libcurl.pc'
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
No package 'libcurl' found
Package libcurl was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing `libcurl.pc'
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
No package 'libcurl' found
Using PKG_CFLAGS=
Using PKG_LIBS=-lcurl
------------------------- ANTICONF ERROR ---------------------------
Configuration failed because libcurl was not found. Try installing:
* deb: libcurl4-openssl-dev (Debian, Ubuntu, etc)
* rpm: libcurl-devel (Fedora, CentOS, RHEL)
* csw: libcurl_dev (Solaris)
If libcurl is already installed, check that 'pkg-config' is in your
PATH and PKG_CONFIG_PATH contains a libcurl.pc file. If pkg-config
is unavailable you can set INCLUDE_DIR and LIB_DIR manually via:
R CMD INSTALL --configure-vars='INCLUDE_DIR=... LIB_DIR=...'
--------------------------------------------------------------------
ERROR: configuration failed for package ‘curl’
* removing ‘/home/lau/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.4/curl’
Warning in install.packages :
installation of package ‘curl’ had non-zero exit status
* installing *source* package ‘openssl’ ...
** package ‘openssl’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
Using PKG_CFLAGS=
Using PKG_LIBS=-lssl -lcrypto
------------------------- ANTICONF ERROR ---------------------------
Configuration failed because openssl was not found. Try installing:
* deb: libssl-dev (Debian, Ubuntu, etc)
* rpm: openssl-devel (Fedora, CentOS, RHEL)
* csw: libssl_dev (Solaris)
* brew: openssl@1.1 (Mac OSX)
If openssl is already installed, check that 'pkg-config' is in your
PATH and PKG_CONFIG_PATH contains a openssl.pc file. If pkg-config
is unavailable you can set INCLUDE_DIR and LIB_DIR manually via:
R CMD INSTALL --configure-vars='INCLUDE_DIR=... LIB_DIR=...'
--------------------------------------------------------------------
ERROR: configuration failed for package ‘openssl’
* removing ‘/home/lau/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.4/openssl’
Warning in install.packages :
installation of package ‘openssl’ had non-zero exit status
* installing *source* package ‘git2r’ ...
** package ‘git2r’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
checking build system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
checking host system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
checking for gcc... gcc
checking whether the C compiler works... yes
checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out
checking for suffix of executables...
checking whether we are cross compiling... no
checking for suffix of object files... o
checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes
checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes
checking for gcc option to accept ISO C89... none needed
checking for library containing inflate... -lz
checking for pkg-config... /usr/bin/pkg-config
checking pkg-config is at least version 0.9.0... yes
checking for libssl... no
configure: WARNING: "pkg-config failed to find libssl."
checking for library containing EVP_EncryptInit... no
configure: error: in `/tmp/RtmpWzaIce/R.INSTALL67fa335a4d20/git2r':
configure: error:
---------------------------------------------
The OpenSSL library that is required to
build git2r was not found.
Please install:
libssl-dev (package on e.g. Debian and Ubuntu)
openssl-devel (package on e.g. Fedora, CentOS and RHEL)
openssl (Homebrew package on OS X)
and try again.
If the OpenSSL library is installed on
your system but the git2r configuration
is unable to find it, you can specify
the include and lib path to OpenSSL with:
R CMD INSTALL --configure-args='--with-libssl-include=INCLUDE_PATH --with-libssl-lib=LIB_PATH' git2r
---------------------------------------------
See `config.log' for more details
ERROR: configuration failed for package ‘git2r’
* removing ‘/home/lau/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.4/git2r’
Warning in install.packages :
installation of package ‘git2r’ had non-zero exit status
ERROR: dependencies ‘curl’, ‘openssl’ are not available for package ‘httr’
* removing ‘/home/lau/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.4/httr’
Warning in install.packages :
installation of package ‘httr’ had non-zero exit status
ERROR: dependencies ‘httr’, ‘git2r’ are not available for package ‘devtools’
* removing ‘/home/lau/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.4/devtools’
Warning in install.packages :
installation of package ‘devtools’ had non-zero exit status
The downloaded source packages are in
‘/tmp/RtmpzxXdFr/downloaded_packages’
所以我尝试安装 libcurl:
> install.packages("libcurl")
Installing package into ‘/home/lau/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.4’
(as ‘lib’ is unspecified)
Warning in install.packages :
package ‘libcurl’ is not available (for R version 3.4.0)
> install.packages("curl")
我在 Ubuntu 17.04。和 R 3.4.
有什么办法可以解决这个问题吗？
错误消息可能有点令人困惑，因为 RStudio 要求您为 Linux OS 安装 libcurl 和 openssl 库；对于那些你确实需要 Ubuntu 包而不是 R 包的人。
打开命令行终端，然后输入
sudo apt-get install libcurl4-openssl-dev libssl-dev
Ubuntu 包安装完成后，再试一次，您将能够安装 devtools R 包
我们可以使用
sudo apt-get install libssl-dev
错误信息：
在 pkg-config 搜索路径中找不到软件包 libcurl。也许你应该添加包含 `libcurl.pc'
的目录
执行了这个命令：
rpm -qa|grep curl
结果
python-pycurl-7.19.0-19.el7.x86_64
curl-7.29.0-42.el7_4.1.x86_64
libcurl-7.29.0-42.el7_4.1.x86_64
-->libcurl-devel-7.29.0-42.el7_4.1.x86_64 <---this entry was missing
执行了这个命令
yum install libcurl-devel
问题已解决。
您的问题包含答案：-
Configuration failed because openssl was not found. Try installing:
* deb: libssl-dev (Debian, Ubuntu, etc)
* rpm: openssl-devel (Fedora, CentOS, RHEL)
* csw: libssl_dev (Solaris)
* brew: openssl@1.1 (Mac OSX)
None 以上答案对我有用 Ubuntu 18.04.3 LTS 使用 R 版本 3.6.1
我猜这可能与 Anaconda3...
有关
对我有用的是：
conda install -c r r-devtools
然后在R
install.packages("rlang")
install.packages("devtools")
我应该提到 conda 作为 R 的包管理器效果很好，但你应该尽可能多地坚持使用 conda，即 不要在 [=13 中安装包=]，但使用 conda-forge、bioconda 和 defaults 渠道（开源渠道）中的 CONDA（除非没有该软件包的配方）；注意不要与专有频道混用（例如 anaconda、r）。
当您需要的包在您使用的频道集中不可用时，您必须手动将它们安装到 conda 环境之外的外部位置。例如，.libPaths() 显示我有两个库：
/home/tsundoku/anaconda3/lib/R/library # anaconda 包存放的地方/usr/lib/R/library # 我将包存储在外部位置
有关管理 .libPaths() 的精彩读物，请参阅 @MilesMcBain's blog-post here
我正在尝试在我的 RStudio 中安装 devtools。但是我遇到了很多错误：
* installing *source* package ‘curl’ ...
** package ‘curl’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
Package libcurl was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing `libcurl.pc'
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
No package 'libcurl' found
Package libcurl was not found in the pkg-config search path.
Perhaps you should add the directory containing `libcurl.pc'
to the PKG_CONFIG_PATH environment variable
No package 'libcurl' found
Using PKG_CFLAGS=
Using PKG_LIBS=-lcurl
------------------------- ANTICONF ERROR ---------------------------
Configuration failed because libcurl was not found. Try installing:
* deb: libcurl4-openssl-dev (Debian, Ubuntu, etc)
* rpm: libcurl-devel (Fedora, CentOS, RHEL)
* csw: libcurl_dev (Solaris)
If libcurl is already installed, check that 'pkg-config' is in your
PATH and PKG_CONFIG_PATH contains a libcurl.pc file. If pkg-config
is unavailable you can set INCLUDE_DIR and LIB_DIR manually via:
R CMD INSTALL --configure-vars='INCLUDE_DIR=... LIB_DIR=...'
--------------------------------------------------------------------
ERROR: configuration failed for package ‘curl’
* removing ‘/home/lau/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.4/curl’
Warning in install.packages :
installation of package ‘curl’ had non-zero exit status
* installing *source* package ‘openssl’ ...
** package ‘openssl’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
Using PKG_CFLAGS=
Using PKG_LIBS=-lssl -lcrypto
------------------------- ANTICONF ERROR ---------------------------
Configuration failed because openssl was not found. Try installing:
* deb: libssl-dev (Debian, Ubuntu, etc)
* rpm: openssl-devel (Fedora, CentOS, RHEL)
* csw: libssl_dev (Solaris)
* brew: openssl@1.1 (Mac OSX)
If openssl is already installed, check that 'pkg-config' is in your
PATH and PKG_CONFIG_PATH contains a openssl.pc file. If pkg-config
is unavailable you can set INCLUDE_DIR and LIB_DIR manually via:
R CMD INSTALL --configure-vars='INCLUDE_DIR=... LIB_DIR=...'
--------------------------------------------------------------------
ERROR: configuration failed for package ‘openssl’
* removing ‘/home/lau/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.4/openssl’
Warning in install.packages :
installation of package ‘openssl’ had non-zero exit status
* installing *source* package ‘git2r’ ...
** package ‘git2r’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
checking build system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
checking host system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
checking for gcc... gcc
checking whether the C compiler works... yes
checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out
checking for suffix of executables...
checking whether we are cross compiling... no
checking for suffix of object files... o
checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes
checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes
checking for gcc option to accept ISO C89... none needed
checking for library containing inflate... -lz
checking for pkg-config... /usr/bin/pkg-config
checking pkg-config is at least version 0.9.0... yes
checking for libssl... no
configure: WARNING: "pkg-config failed to find libssl."
checking for library containing EVP_EncryptInit... no
configure: error: in `/tmp/RtmpWzaIce/R.INSTALL67fa335a4d20/git2r':
configure: error:
---------------------------------------------
The OpenSSL library that is required to
build git2r was not found.
Please install:
libssl-dev (package on e.g. Debian and Ubuntu)
openssl-devel (package on e.g. Fedora, CentOS and RHEL)
openssl (Homebrew package on OS X)
and try again.
If the OpenSSL library is installed on
your system but the git2r configuration
is unable to find it, you can specify
the include and lib path to OpenSSL with:
R CMD INSTALL --configure-args='--with-libssl-include=INCLUDE_PATH --with-libssl-lib=LIB_PATH' git2r
---------------------------------------------
See `config.log' for more details
ERROR: configuration failed for package ‘git2r’
* removing ‘/home/lau/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.4/git2r’
Warning in install.packages :
installation of package ‘git2r’ had non-zero exit status
ERROR: dependencies ‘curl’, ‘openssl’ are not available for package ‘httr’
* removing ‘/home/lau/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.4/httr’
Warning in install.packages :
installation of package ‘httr’ had non-zero exit status
ERROR: dependencies ‘httr’, ‘git2r’ are not available for package ‘devtools’
* removing ‘/home/lau/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.4/devtools’
Warning in install.packages :
installation of package ‘devtools’ had non-zero exit status
The downloaded source packages are in
‘/tmp/RtmpzxXdFr/downloaded_packages’
所以我尝试安装 libcurl:
> install.packages("libcurl")
Installing package into ‘/home/lau/R/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu-library/3.4’
(as ‘lib’ is unspecified)
Warning in install.packages :
package ‘libcurl’ is not available (for R version 3.4.0)
> install.packages("curl")
我在 Ubuntu 17.04。和 R 3.4.
有什么办法可以解决这个问题吗？
错误消息可能有点令人困惑，因为 RStudio 要求您为 Linux OS 安装 libcurl 和 openssl 库；对于那些你确实需要 Ubuntu 包而不是 R 包的人。
打开命令行终端，然后输入
sudo apt-get install libcurl4-openssl-dev libssl-dev
Ubuntu 包安装完成后，再试一次，您将能够安装 devtools R 包
我们可以使用
sudo apt-get install libssl-dev
错误信息： 在 pkg-config 搜索路径中找不到软件包 libcurl。也许你应该添加包含 `libcurl.pc'
的目录执行了这个命令：
rpm -qa|grep curl
结果
python-pycurl-7.19.0-19.el7.x86_64
curl-7.29.0-42.el7_4.1.x86_64
libcurl-7.29.0-42.el7_4.1.x86_64
-->libcurl-devel-7.29.0-42.el7_4.1.x86_64 <---this entry was missing
执行了这个命令
yum install libcurl-devel
问题已解决。
您的问题包含答案：-
Configuration failed because openssl was not found. Try installing:
* deb: libssl-dev (Debian, Ubuntu, etc)
* rpm: openssl-devel (Fedora, CentOS, RHEL)
* csw: libssl_dev (Solaris)
* brew: openssl@1.1 (Mac OSX)
None 以上答案对我有用 Ubuntu 18.04.3 LTS 使用 R 版本 3.6.1
我猜这可能与 Anaconda3...
对我有用的是：
conda install -c r r-devtools
然后在R
install.packages("rlang")
install.packages("devtools")
我应该提到 conda 作为 R 的包管理器效果很好，但你应该尽可能多地坚持使用 conda，即 不要在 [=13 中安装包=]，但使用 conda-forge、bioconda 和 defaults 渠道（开源渠道）中的 CONDA（除非没有该软件包的配方）；注意不要与专有频道混用（例如 anaconda、r）。
当您需要的包在您使用的频道集中不可用时，您必须手动将它们安装到 conda 环境之外的外部位置。例如，.libPaths() 显示我有两个库：
/home/tsundoku/anaconda3/lib/R/library# anaconda 包存放的地方/usr/lib/R/library# 我将包存储在外部位置
有关管理 .libPaths() 的精彩读物，请参阅 @MilesMcBain's blog-post here