解析列中的值并插入 T-Sql 中的新 table

Question

我有一列需要解析并插入到新的 table 中。我已经非常接近获得我需要的数据，但我似乎无法获得正确的语法。下面是我需要解析的数据格式：

装箱单 #195，UID = Pkg-15094-195

装箱单 #112，UID = Pkg-41251-241

我只需要装箱单号。当然，它并不总是 2 个字符。

好像比较简单，就是把[#]和[]这两个字符的index区别一下然后从 [#] + 1 的索引开始，长度为 [] - [#] - 1。正是这个额外的减法搞砸了我的语法：

SELECT substring(IMG_FILE_DESCRIPTION, 
    CHARINDEX('#', IMG_FILE_DESCRIPTION) + 1,
    CHARINDEX(',', IMG_FILE_DESCRIPTION) - CHARINDEX('#', IMG_FILE_DESCRIPTION)
)
AS PKL
FROM MASTER_SCAN_IMAGE
where IMG_SCT_PKEY = '21'

这行得通，但给了我太多。如果我尝试像这样添加另一个减法，我会收到语法错误：

SELECT substring(IMG_FILE_DESCRIPTION, 
    CHARINDEX('#', IMG_FILE_DESCRIPTION) + 1,
    (CHARINDEX(',', IMG_FILE_DESCRIPTION) - CHARINDEX('#', IMG_FILE_DESCRIPTION)) -1
)
AS PKL
FROM MASTER_SCAN_IMAGE
where IMG_SCT_PKEY = '21'

Msg 537, Level 16, State 2, Line 1 Invalid length parameter passed to the LEFT or SUBSTRING function.

所以我想我应该将长度值包装到一个变量中，但它也会产生语法错误：

SELECT *
FROM MASTER_SCAN_IMAGE
DECLARE @length int = CHARINDEX(',', IMG_FILE_DESCRIPTION) - CHARINDEX('#', IMG_FILE_DESCRIPTION);

Msg 207, Level 16, State 1, Line 3
Invalid column name 'IMG_FILE_DESCRIPTION'.
Msg 207, Level 16, State 1, Line 3
Invalid column name 'IMG_FILE_DESCRIPTION'.

事实上，我似乎根本无法使用 CHARINDEX 分配变量，我总是以相同的 "invalid column name" 错误结束。

DECLARE @length bigint = CHARINDEX(',', IMG_FILE_DESCRIPTION);

Msg 207, Level 16, State 1, Line 3
Invalid column name 'IMG_FILE_DESCRIPTION'.

charindex可以发送的两种return类型是int还是bigint都是一样的

Answer 1

使用这个：

declare @column varchar(200) = 'Packing Slip #195, UID = Pkg-15094-195'


select RIGHT(LEFT(@column, CHARINDEX(',', @column)-1), CHARINDEX('#', REVERSE(LEFT(@column, CHARINDEX(',', @column)-1)))-1)

运行代码here.

Answer 2

如果您对 TVF 持开放态度...请考虑以下事项。

厌倦了提取字符串，我修改了一个解析函数以接受两个 非相似 分隔符。

例子

Declare @YourTable table (ID int,IMG_FILE_DESCRIPTION varchar(max))
Insert Into @YourTable values 
 (1,'Packing Slip #195, UID = Pkg-15094-195')
,(2,'Packing Slip #112, UID = Pkg-41251-241')
,(3,'Packing Slip #222, UID = Pkg-41251-241 and Slip #999')  -- Notice two Packing Slips

Select A.ID
      ,SlipNr = B.RetVal
 From  @YourTable A
 Cross Apply [dbo].[udf-Str-Extract](A.IMG_FILE_DESCRIPTION+',','Slip #',',') B

Returns

ID  SlipNr
1   195
2   112
3   222    <-- Notice multiple slips
3   999    <-- Notice multiple slips

感兴趣的 UDF

CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[udf-Str-Extract] (@String varchar(max),@Delimiter1 varchar(100),@Delimiter2 varchar(100))
Returns Table 
As
Return (  

with   cte1(N)   As (Select 1 From (Values(1),(1),(1),(1),(1),(1),(1),(1),(1),(1)) N(N)),
       cte2(N)   As (Select Top (IsNull(DataLength(@String),0)) Row_Number() over (Order By (Select NULL)) From (Select N=1 From cte1 N1,cte1 N2,cte1 N3,cte1 N4,cte1 N5,cte1 N6) A ),
       cte3(N)   As (Select 1 Union All Select t.N+DataLength(@Delimiter1) From cte2 t Where Substring(@String,t.N,DataLength(@Delimiter1)) = @Delimiter1),
       cte4(N,L) As (Select S.N,IsNull(NullIf(CharIndex(@Delimiter1,@String,s.N),0)-S.N,8000) From cte3 S)

Select RetSeq = Row_Number() over (Order By N)
      ,RetPos = N
      ,RetVal = left(RetVal,charindex(@Delimiter2,RetVal)-1) 
 From  (
        Select *,RetVal = Substring(@String, N, L) 
         From  cte4
       ) A
 Where charindex(@Delimiter2,RetVal)>1

)
/*
Max Length of String 1MM characters

Declare @String varchar(max) = 'Dear [[FirstName]] [[LastName]], ...'
Select * From [dbo].[udf-Str-Extract] (@String,'[[',']]')
*/

Answer 3

正在提取单据 ID，

   declare @column varchar(200) = 'Packing Slip #234234295, UID = Pkg-15094-195'


   select substring(@column,charindex('#',@column)+1,charindex(',',@column)-charindex('#',@column)-1)

解析列中的值并插入 T-Sql 中的新 table

Parse value from column and insert into new table in T-Sql

sql

tsql

sql-server

parsing

charindex