转换 JScience 库中的不同单位类型

Converting different unit types in JScience library

我正在 JScience 库中寻找一种将一种单位类型转换为另一种单位类型的方法。给定每种类型的基本单位之间的一个因素,我应该能够转换。但是好像JScience对转换不是很好,只允许相同基类型的单位之间的转换。

基本上,我正在编写一个饮食应用程序,我需要能够在卡路里、焦耳、千焦耳、克、磅、千克等之间进行转换。宏量营养素值(碳水化合物、蛋白质、和脂肪含量。

示例:

每 1 克碳水化合物 = 4 卡路里。那是 4000 卡路里,或 16.736 千焦耳,或 16736 焦耳(能量的基本单位)。

Carb_Unit则定义为:16736joules/gram,或16736000焦耳/千克

鉴于此基础值,我应该能够从任何质量单位转换为任何能量单位。但同样,JScience 不允许这样做。有没有办法告诉转换器 return 一个具有正确转换因子的转换器而不给出 ConversionException?

CustomUnits.java:

public class CustomUnits extends SystemOfUnits {

    /**
     * Holds collection of CustomUnits.
     */
    private static HashSet<Unit<?>> UNITS = new HashSet<Unit<?>>();

    private static <U extends Unit<?>> U customUnits(U unit) {
        UNITS.add(unit);
        return unit;
    }

    @Override
    public Set<Unit<?>> getUnits() {
        return Collections.unmodifiableSet(UNITS);
    }

    public static final Unit<Energy> KILOCALORIE = customUnits(SI.JOULE.times(4184));
    public static final Unit<Energy> KILOJOULE = customUnits(SI.JOULE.times(1000));

    // Food units expressed as energy
    public static final Unit<Energy> CARBOHYDRATE_ENERGY = customUnits(KILOCALORIE.times(4));
    public static final Unit<Energy> PROTEIN_ENERGY = customUnits(KILOCALORIE.times(4));
    public static final Unit<Energy> FAT_ENERGY = customUnits(KILOCALORIE.times(9));

    // Food units expressed as mass
    public static final Unit<Mass> CARBOHYDRATE_MASS = customUnits(SI.GRAM);
    public static final Unit<Mass> PROTEIN_MASS = customUnits(SI.GRAM);
    public static final Unit<Mass> FAT_MASS = customUnits(SI.GRAM);
}

Main.java:

public static void main(String[] args) {

    Amount<?> carbEnergyUnit = Amount.valueOf(1, CustomUnits.CARBOHYDRATE_ENERGY);
    Amount<?> carbEnergyCalorie = carbEnergyUnit.to(CustomUnits.KILOCALORIE);
    Amount<?> carbEnergyKJ = carbEnergyUnit.to(CustomUnits.KILOJOULE);
    Amount<?> carbEnergyJoules = carbEnergyUnit.to(SI.JOULE);

    System.out.println(carbEnergyUnit.getExactValue() + "g of carb");       // 1g of carb
    System.out.println(carbEnergyCalorie.getExactValue() + " Calorie");     // 4 Calorie
    System.out.println(carbEnergyKJ.getEstimatedValue() + " KiloJoules");   // 16.735999999999997 KiloJoules
    System.out.println(carbEnergyJoules.getExactValue() + " Joules");       // 16736 Joules

    // Exception in thread "main" javax.measure.converter.ConversionException: lb is not compatible with J*16736
    UnitConverter toCarb = NonSI.POUND.getConverterTo(CustomUnits.CARBOHYDRATE_ENERGY);
    double result = toCarb.convert(4);
    System.out.println(result);
}

看起来 JScience 发现您试图将 Unit<Mass> 转换为 Unit<Energy>,这在默认 PhysicalModel 中是被禁止的。

另一种方法是为 FoodEnergy 的各种单位创建一个新的 Quantity:

public static final Unit<Energy> KILOCALORIE = SI.JOULE.times(4184);

public interface FoodEnergy extends Quantity {

    public final static Unit<FoodEnergy> UNIT
        = (Unit<FoodEnergy>) SI.GRAM.times(KILOCALORIE);
}

private static final Unit<FoodEnergy> PROTEIN_ENERGY = FoodEnergy.UNIT.times(4);
private static final Unit<FoodEnergy> ETHANOL_ENERGY = FoodEnergy.UNIT.times(7);
…

然后您可以结合特定能源的贡献:

Amount<FoodEnergy> beer =
    Amount.valueOf(2, PROTEIN_ENERGY).plus(
    Amount.valueOf(14, ETHANOL_ENERGY));
System.out.println(beer.to(FoodEnergy.UNIT).getEstimatedValue() + " Calories");

打印 105.99999999999997 Calories。您可以通过将 NonSI.POUND 转换为 SI.GRAM:

来计算一磅蛋白质的卡路里
double grams = NonSI.POUND.getConverterTo(SI.GRAM).convert(1);
Amount<FoodEnergy> pound = Amount.valueOf(grams, PROTEIN_ENERGY);
System.out.println(pound.to(FoodEnergy.UNIT).getEstimatedValue() + " Calories");

打印 1814.3694799999998 Calories。最后,您可以从 FoodEnergy.UNIT:

中恢复焦耳数
System.out.println(FoodEnergy.UNIT.divide(SI.GRAM));

打印 J*4184

System.out.println(FoodEnergy.UNIT.divide(SI.GRAM).toStandardUnit().convert(1));

打印 4184.0.