如何从 python 中的 dll 加载带有自定义接口的 COM 对象？

Question

大家好。任务是使用从 dll 加载的 COM 对象（禁止使用 regsvr32）。该对象还公开了我将来需要的 DirectShow 接口。

然后我尝试使用 this link, I'm running into a problem: pythoncom doesn't know a thing about DirectShow interfaces (IBaseFilter for instance). And from this post 中的示例获取模块我的印象是 pythoncom 不支持自定义 COM 接口，但那是在 2008 年，也许现在情况发生了变化？

密码是

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import ctypes, inspect, os, pythoncom, sys
from comtypes import client
from ctypes import OleDLL, c_long, byref
from uuid import UUID

#dshow is a module with DirectShow constants, etc
cmd_subfolder = os.path.realpath(os.path.abspath(os.path.join(os.path.split(inspect.getfile( inspect.currentframe() ))[0],"path_to_dshow_module")))
if cmd_subfolder not in sys.path:
    sys.path.insert(0, cmd_subfolder)
import dshow

#that way comtypes gets to know about DirectShow interfaces
qedit = client.GetModule("qedit.dll") 
dll_path = os.path.join(cmd_subfolder, "../my_path/my_dshow_filter.ax") #specifying path to dll
iid_interface = dshow.CLSID_IUnknown
iid_ibasefilter = dshow.CLSID_IBaseFilter
clsid_class = UUID(dshow.CLSID_my_filter).bytes_le
iclassfactory = UUID(str(pythoncom.IID_IClassFactory)).bytes_le
com_classfactory = c_long(0)

my_dll = ctypes.oledll.LoadLibrary(dll_path)
#getting com_classfactory pointer to an adress of IClassFactory within loaded dll
hr = my_dll.DllGetClassObject(clsid_class, iclassfactory, byref(com_classfactory))
#creating class factory from adress using pythoncom
MyFactory = pythoncom.ObjectFromAddress(com_classfactory.value, pythoncom.IID_IClassFactory)
#creating COM object using IClassFactory::CreateInstance, using IUnknown as a default interface
dmx_interface = MyFactory.CreateInstance(None, iid_interface)
# I could've tried to use IBaseFilter directly, 
# but pythoncom knows nothing about DirectShow interfaces!
# dmx = dmx_interface.QueryInterface(str(qedit.IBaseFilter._iid_)) #that yields an error
dmx = dmx_interface.QueryInterface(iid_ibasefilter) #that yields the same error

我得到的错误是TypeError: There is no interface object registered that supports this IID，这是可以理解的。

所以，comtypes 知道那个接口！但不幸的是，我找不到使用 comtypes 甚至 ctypes.

从 dll 加载 COM 对象的方法

我已经处理这个问题好几天了，非常感谢您的建议。

Answer 1

最后，它需要一些指针操作，但我做到了。

我从 comtypes.server 导入了 class IClassFactory 并为它获取了一个指针（指针 № 1).之后，我在加载的 dll 中获得了指向 IClassFactory 对象的 c_long 指针（指针 №2）。最后，我将指针 №2 的值赋给了指针 №1。

from comtypes.server import IClassFactory
#same code as it was before
dll_path = os.path.join(cmd_subfolder, "../my_path/my_dshow_filter.ax")
clsid_class = UUID(dshow.CLSID_my_filter).bytes_le
#that may be replaced with other IID_IClassFactory definition
#so no pythoncom is required at all
iclassfactory = UUID(str(pythoncom.IID_IClassFactory)).bytes_le 
com_classfactory = c_long(0)
my_dll = ctypes.oledll.LoadLibrary(dll)
hr = my_dll.DllGetClassObject(clsid_class, iclassfactory, byref(com_classfactory))
ptr_icf = POINTER(IClassFactory)(com_classfactory.value) #pointer to IClassFactory
#and there we'll have a pointer to IUknown of the filter inside the dll
filter = ptr_icf.CreateInstance() 
dec = filter.QueryInterface(qedit.IBaseFilter) 
filter_graph.AddFilter(dec, "dec")
#Voila!

所以，这项工作可以在不使用 pythoncom 的情况下完成，这对我来说是一个很大的优势（因为之前的所有工作都是通过 comtypes 模块)

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