R:连接具有相同值的字符串

R: Concatenate strings with same values

我有一个如下所示的数据框:

1   a
2   a
3   a
4   a
a   a
x   b
y   b
b   b

我怎样才能使用 are 得到类似的东西:

a   1,2,3,4
b   x,y

考虑到标识符 ab 也列在第 1 列中,但不应成为连接字符串的一部分。非常感谢!

根据最初的描述,

aggregate(V1~V2, df1, toString)
#  V2         V1
#1  a 1, 2, 3, 4
#2  b       x, y

更新

假设,如果我们需要在 paste V1 下面列出了几个选项:

library(data.table)
setDT(df2)[!V1 %chin% V2, toString(V1), by=V2]
#    V2         V1
#1:  a 1, 2, 3, 4
#2:  b       x, y

或者

 library(dplyr)   
 df2 %>%
     filter(!V1 %in% V2) %>% 
     group_by(V2) %>%
     summarise(V1=toString(V1))

数据

df1 <- structure(list(V1 = c("1", "2", "3", "4", "x", "y"),
 V2 = c("a", 
 "a", "a", "a", "b", "b")), .Names = c("V1", "V2"), 
class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, -6L))

df2 <- structure(list(V1 = c("1", "2", "3", "4", "a", "x", "y", "b"), 
 V2 = c("a", "a", "a", "a", "a", "b", "b", "b")), .Names = c("V1", 
"V2"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, -8L))