Django Rest Framework 过滤计算模型属性

Question

抱歉新手问题。我有以下型号：

class WeightSlip(models.Model):

    grossdate = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=False, auto_now_add=False)
    grossweight = models.DecimalField(max_digits=6, decimal_places=2, default=0)
    taredate = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=False, auto_now_add=False)
    tareweight = models.DecimalField(max_digits=6, decimal_places=2, default=0)
    vehicle = models.CharField(max_length=12)

    @property
    def netweight(self):
        return self.grossweight - self.tareweight

    @property
    def slipdate(self):
        if self.grossdate > self.taredate:
           return grossdate.date()
        else:
           return taredate.date()

序列化器：

class WeightSlipSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

   class Meta:
      model = models.WeightSlip
      fields = ('grossdate', 'grossweight', 'taredate', 'tareweight', 'slipdate', 'netweight', 'vehicle')
      read_only_fields = ('slipdate', 'netweight')

我正在尝试使用 django-rest-framework-filters 来过滤计算出的 'netweight' 和 'slipdate' 属性：

class WeightSlipFilter(FilterSet):

   class Meta:
       model = WeightSlip
       fields = ('slipdate', 'netweight', 'vehicle')

这给了我一个错误：

TypeError: 'Meta.fields' contains fields that are not defined on this FilterSet: slipdate, netweight

除了将计算字段添加到数据库之外，是否有解决此问题的方法？

提前致谢。

Answer 1

您可以为 slipdate, netweight 创建自定义过滤器，它将评估和过滤数据库中的这些字段。为此，您可以使用 conditional expressions and F expression

from django.db.models import F, Case, When

class WeightSlipFilter(FilterSet):
    slipdate = DateTimeFilter(method='filter_slipdate')
    netweight = NumberFilter(method='filter_netweight')

    class Meta:
        model = WeightSlip
        fields = ('slipdate', 'netweight', 'vehicle')

    def filter_netweight(self, queryset, value):
        if value:
            queryset = queryset.annotate(netweight=F('grossweight') - F('tareweight')).filter(netweight=value)
        return queryset

    def filter_slipdate(self, queryset, value):
        if value:
            queryset = queryset.annotate(slipdate=Case(When(grossdate__gt=F('taredate'), then=F('grossdate')), default=F('taredate')).filter(slipdate=value)
        return queryset

Answer 2

请注意，如果您使用的是最新版本的 django-filter，Filter.method 需要 4 个参数，如下所示：

def filter_slipdate(self, queryset, name, value):
    if value:
        queryset = queryset.annotate(slipdate=Case(When(grossdate__gt=F('taredate'), then=F('grossdate')), default=F('taredate')).filter(slipdate=value)
    return queryset

```

Answer 3

进一步扩展答案。使用最新的 django 和 drf 版本可能会遇到这样的异常。

异常

File "/home/USER/.env/drf3/lib64/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 76, in iter setattr(obj, attr_name, row[col_pos]) AttributeError: can't set attribute

使用的版本： Django==3.1 djangorestframework==3.11.1 django-filter==2.3.0

对我有用的解决方案是这样的，其中滑动日期和净重要求在查询集中使用模型名称...

def filter_slipdate(self, queryset, name, value):
    if value:
       queryset = queryset.annotate(WeightSlip__slipdate=Case(When(grossdate__gt=F('taredate'), then=F('grossdate')), default=F('taredate'))).filter(WeightSlip__slipdate=value)
    return queryset

def filter_netweight(self, queryset, name, value):
    if value:
        queryset = queryset.annotate(WeightSlip__netweight=F('grossweight') - F('tareweight')).filter(WeightSlip__netweight=value)
    return queryset
    return queryset

Django Rest Framework 过滤计算模型属性

Django Rest Framework filtering calculated model property

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Django Rest Framework 过滤计算模型 属性

Django Rest Framework filtering calculated model property

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django-filters

Django Rest Framework 过滤计算模型属性