ORA-12154 TNS:could 安装 APEX 时无法解析指定的连接标识符

Question

我在 Azure 上安装了 RHEL 6.8 Oracle 版本，我按照 Microsoft 的教程 Create an Oracle Database in an Azure VMe. Everything went fine with the tutorial. Now I try to install APEX with this one Oracle Application Express (APEX) 5.x Installation 在上面安装了数据库，但我卡在了第 CONN sys@pdb1 AS SYSDBA.

行

输入密码后（是否正确无所谓）我每次都得到ERROR: ORA-12154: TNS:could not resolve the connect identifier specified。

我已经试过了：

创建变量TNS_ADMIN
将 ORACLE_HOME/network/admin 添加到 PATH
正在创建和编辑文件：

listener.ora:

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = OracleDbVm)(PORT = 1521))
  )

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle

sqlnet.ora:

NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (TNSNAMES, ONAMES, HOSTNAME)

tnsnames.ora:

WINDOWNETSERVICE =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = OracleDbVm)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = cdb1)
    )
  )

lsnrctl 状态的输出

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on 26-JUL-2017 09:02:06

Copyright (c) 1991, 2014, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=OracleDbVm)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production
Start Date                25-JUL-2017 23:19:33
Uptime                    0 days 9 hr. 42 min. 32 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/OracleDbVm/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=OracleDbVm.{some_values}.ax.internal.cloudapp.net)(PORT=1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcps)(HOST=OracleDbVm.{some_values}.ax.internal.cloudapp.net)(PORT=5502))(Security=(my_wallet_directory=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/admin/cdb1/xdb_wallet))(Presentation=HTTP)(Session=RAW))
Services Summary...
Service "cdb1" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "cdb1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "cdb1XDB" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "cdb1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "pdb1" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "cdb1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

我的 env 的输出：

[oracle@OracleDbVm admin]$ env
HOSTNAME=OracleDbVm
SHELL=/bin/bash
TERM=xterm
HISTSIZE=1000
OLDPWD=/home/oracle
USER=oracle
LS_COLORS={colors_long_values}
ORACLE_SID=cdb1
TNS_ADMIN=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/network/admin
MAIL=/var/spool/mail/oracle
PATH=/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/network/admin:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/bin:/home/oracle/bin
PWD=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/network/admin
LANG=en_US.UTF-8
SSH_ASKPASS=/usr/libexec/openssh/gnome-ssh-askpass
HISTCONTROL=ignoredups
SHLVL=1
HOME=/home/oracle
LOGNAME=oracle
LESSOPEN=||/usr/bin/lesspipe.sh %s
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1
G_BROKEN_FILENAMES=1
_=/bin/env

我还能做些什么来解决这个问题？

Answer 1

您的 CONN sys@pdb1 AS SYSDBA 正在尝试连接到 SID（或 tnsnames 条目）为 pdb1 的实例，但在多租户环境中，您的所有数据库共享相同的 SID（cdb1 在你的情况下），并且你的 tnsnames 中没有 pdb1 条目。连接到 PDB 时，需要在连接字符串中使用 服务名称。

您可以像这样更新您的 tnsnames：

WINDOWNETSERVICE =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = OracleDbVm)(PORT = 1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVICE_NAME = cdb1)
    )
  )

pdb1=
  (DESCRIPTION=
    (ADDRESS=
      (PROTOCOL=TCP)
      (HOST=OracleDbVm)
      (PORT=1521)
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA=
      (SERVICE_NAME=pdb1)
    )
  )

然后再试一次 CONN sys@pdb1 AS SYSDBA...

或者您可以尝试使用带有服务名称的完整连接字符串，例如：

conn sys@OracleDbVm:1521/pdb1 as sysdba

我想你也可以连接到 CDB，切换到 pdb1，然后启动脚本。如果您想了解有关该选项的更多详细信息，请告诉我。

ORA-12154 TNS:could 安装 APEX 时无法解析指定的连接标识符

ORA-12154 TNS:could not resolve the connect identifier specified while installing APEX

oracle

oracle-apex

oracle12c

oracle-apex-5

oracle-apex-5.1