使用 jq 将 JSON 行转换为 JSON 数组

Question

首先，我是 jq 的新手，刚接触 1 天，我也是 JSON 的新手，我是 SQL 的人，所以我正在学习速度很快，但无法解决这个问题......所以请耐心等待。

我运行宁 Windows，在 PowerShell 上使用 jq v1.5。

我下载了多个 JSON 个文件，它们看起来像这样：

{"Header":{"AssetClass":"Commodities","InstrumentType":"Forward","UseCase":"Forward","Level":"InstRefDataReporting"},"Attributes":{"NotionalCurrency":"EUR","ExpiryDate":"2018-01-01","ReturnorPayoutTrigger":"Contract for Difference (CFD)","DeliveryType":"CASH","BaseProduct":"AGRI","TransactionType":"FUTR","FinalPriceType":"ARGM","ReferenceRate":"10PPM ULTRA LOW SULPHUR DIESEL-CARGOES CIF NWE/BASIS ARA-PLATTS EUROPEAN","SubProduct":"GROS","AdditionalSubProduct":"FWHT"},"ISIN":{"ISIN":"EZX27M86B860","Status":"New"},"TemplateVersion":1,"Derived":{"CommodityDerivativeIndicator":"TRUE","UnderlyingAssetType":"Agriculture","IssuerorOperatoroftheTradingVenueIdentifier":"NA","PriceMultiplier":1,"FullName":"Commodities Forward AGRI GROS FWHT EUR 20180101","ShortName":"NA/Fwd AGRI FWHT EUR 20180101","ClassificationType":"JTAXCC"}}
{"Header":{"AssetClass":"Commodities","InstrumentType":"Swap","UseCase":"Basis_Swap","Level":"InstRefDataReporting"},"Attributes":{"NotionalCurrency":"SOS","ExpiryDate":"2208-12-10","ReturnorPayoutTrigger":"Total Return","DeliveryType":"OPTL","TransactionType":"ORIT","FinalPriceType":"IHSM","ReferenceRate":"NATURAL GAS-MONTHLY INDEX S. TEXAS (TETCO)-GAS DAILY PRICE GUIDE","OtherReferenceRate":"NATURAL GAS-MONTHLY INDEX W. LOUISIANA (TETCO)-GAS DAILY PRICE GUIDE","BaseProduct":"OTHR","OtherBaseProduct":"OTHR","SubProduct":"","AdditionalSubProduct":"","OtherSubProduct":"","OtherAdditionalSubProduct":""},"ISIN":{"ISIN":"EZBBH1XR9GV6","Status":"New"},"TemplateVersion":1,"Derived":{"CommodityDerivativeIndicator":"TRUE","UnderlyingAssetType":"Multi Commodity","IssuerorOperatoroftheTradingVenueIdentifier":"NA","PriceMultiplier":1,"FullName":"Commodities Swap Basis_Swap OTHR   OTHR   SOS 22081210","ShortName":"NA/Swap OTHR   SOS 22081210","ClassificationType":"STQTXE"}}
{"Header":{"AssetClass":"Commodities","InstrumentType":"Swap","UseCase":"Multi_Exotic_Swap","Level":"InstRefDataReporting"},"Attributes":{"NotionalCurrency":"LRD","ExpiryDate":"2200-01-31","ReturnorPayoutTrigger":"Contract for Difference (CFD)","DeliveryType":"CASH","TransactionType":"TAPO","FinalPriceType":"EXOF","UnderlyingInstrumentIndex":["BCOMF6","BCOMNG3"]},"ISIN":{"ISIN":"EZ286HJVY4Q2","Status":"New"},"TemplateVersion":1,"Derived":{"CommodityDerivativeIndicator":"TRUE","IssuerorOperatoroftheTradingVenueIdentifier":"NA","PriceMultiplier":1,"UnderlyingAssetType":"Multi Commodity","BaseProduct":"MCEX","SubProduct":"","AdditionalSubProduct":"","FullName":"Commodities Multi_Exotic_Swap MCEX LRD 22000131","ShortName":"NA/Swap MCEX LRD 22000131","ClassificationType":"STQCXC"}}
{"Header":{"AssetClass":"Commodities","InstrumentType":"Option","UseCase":"Option","Level":"InstRefDataReporting"},"Attributes":{"NotionalCurrency":"TND","ExpiryDate":"2209-10-18","OptionType":"OPTL","OptionExerciseStyle":"AMER","ValuationMethodorTrigger":"Asian","DeliveryType":"CASH","TransactionType":"OTHR","FinalPriceType":"IHSM","ReferenceRate":"NATURAL GAS-NGPL (NICOR, NIPSCO, PGLC CITYGATE), NBPL-NICOR-ICE/10X MONTHLY","BaseProduct":"OTHR","SubProduct":"","AdditionalSubProduct":""},"ISIN":{"ISIN":"EZ2TK5CWL9Y4","Status":"New"},"TemplateVersion":1,"Derived":{"CommodityDerivativeIndicator":"TRUE","UnderlyingAssetType":"Other","IssuerorOperatoroftheTradingVenueIdentifier":"NA","PriceMultiplier":1,"FullName":"Commodities Option OTHR   TND 22091018","ShortName":"NA/O OTHR  OPTL TND 22091018","ClassificationType":"HTMHAC"}}
{"Header":{"AssetClass":"Commodities","InstrumentType":"Option","UseCase":"Multi_Exotic_Option","Level":"InstRefDataReporting"},"Attributes":{"NotionalCurrency":"SOS","ExpiryDate":"2209-10-18","UnderlyingInstrumentIndex":["BCOMSI2","BCOMPR3T"],"OptionType":"CALL","OptionExerciseStyle":"AMER","ValuationMethodorTrigger":"Other Path Dependent","DeliveryType":"CASH","TransactionType":"ORIT","FinalPriceType":"BLTC"},"ISIN":{"ISIN":"EZ82L36B6225","Status":"New"},"TemplateVersion":1,"Derived":{"CommodityDerivativeIndicator":"TRUE","IssuerorOperatoroftheTradingVenueIdentifier":"NA","PriceMultiplier":1,"UnderlyingAssetType":"Multi Commodity","BaseProduct":"MCEX","SubProduct":"","AdditionalSubProduct":"","FullName":"Commodities Multi_Exotic_Option MCEX SOS 22091018","ShortName":"NA/O MCEX Call SOS 22091018","ClassificationType":"HTQBPC"}}

文件的大小可以超过 1 GB。

为了有效地使用这些，我需要将 JSON 行转换为 JSON 数组，包装文件，在前面添加“[”并附加“]”，并为每一行分隔逗号 (,).

使文件看起来像这样（理论上）：

[
{
"Header": {
  "AssetClass": "Commodities",
  "InstrumentType": "Swap",
  "UseCase": "Basis_Swap",
  "Level": "InstRefDataReporting"
},
"Attributes": {
  "NotionalCurrency": "EUR",
  "ExpiryDate": "2017-08-31",
  "ReturnorPayoutTrigger": "Contract for Difference (CFD)",
  "DeliveryType": "CASH",
  "BaseProduct": "AGRI",
  "OtherBaseProduct": "AGRI",
  "TransactionType": "FUTR",
  "FinalPriceType": "ARGM",
  "ReferenceRate": "10PPM ULTRA LOW SULPHUR DIESEL-CARGOES CIF NWE/BASIS ARA-PLATTS EUROPEAN",
  "OtherReferenceRate": "10PPM ULTRA LOW SULPHUR DIESEL-CARGOES CIF NWE/BASIS ARA-PLATTS EUROPEAN",
  "SubProduct": "GROS",
  "AdditionalSubProduct": "FWHT",
  "OtherSubProduct": "GROS",
  "OtherAdditionalSubProduct": "FWHT"
},
"ISIN": {
  "ISIN": "EZ68CZDRFYY7",
  "Status": "New"
},
"TemplateVersion": 1,
"Derived": {
  "CommodityDerivativeIndicator": "TRUE",
  "UnderlyingAssetType": "Multi Commodity",
  "IssuerorOperatoroftheTradingVenueIdentifier": "NA",
  "PriceMultiplier": 1,
  "FullName": "Commodities Swap Basis_Swap AGRI GROS FWHT AGRI GROS FWHT EUR 20170831",
  "ShortName": "NA/Swap AGRI FWHT FWHT EUR 20170831",
  "ClassificationType": "STQCXC"
  }
},
{
"Header": {
  "AssetClass": "Commodities",
  "InstrumentType": "Swap",
  "UseCase": "Basis_Swap",
  "Level": "InstRefDataReporting"
},
"Attributes": {
  "NotionalCurrency": "EUR",
  "ExpiryDate": "2017-08-31",
  "ReturnorPayoutTrigger": "Contract for Difference (CFD)",
  "DeliveryType": "CASH",
  "BaseProduct": "AGRI",
  "OtherBaseProduct": "AGRI",
  "TransactionType": "FUTR",
  "FinalPriceType": "ARGM",
  "ReferenceRate": "10PPM ULTRA LOW SULPHUR DIESEL-CARGOES CIF NWE/BASIS ARA-PLATTS EUROPEAN",
  "OtherReferenceRate": "10PPM ULTRA LOW SULPHUR DIESEL-CARGOES CIF NWE/BASIS ARA-PLATTS EUROPEAN",
  "SubProduct": "GROS",
  "AdditionalSubProduct": "FWHT",
  "OtherSubProduct": "GROS",
  "OtherAdditionalSubProduct": "FWHT"
},
"ISIN": {
  "ISIN": "EZ68CZDRFYY7",
  "Status": "New"
},
"TemplateVersion": 1,
"Derived": {
  "CommodityDerivativeIndicator": "TRUE",
  "UnderlyingAssetType": "Multi Commodity",
  "IssuerorOperatoroftheTradingVenueIdentifier": "NA",
  "PriceMultiplier": 1,
  "FullName": "Commodities Swap Basis_Swap AGRI GROS FWHT AGRI GROS FWHT EUR 20170831",
  "ShortName": "NA/Swap AGRI FWHT FWHT EUR 20170831",
  "ClassificationType": "STQCXC"
}
}
]

所以我找到了 jq，根据我的理解，我可以运行这个

jq --slurp 'map(select(. >= 2))' Inputfile.json > OutputFile.json

这有效，但是当运行宁文件大于 200 MB 时，我得到 "system out out of memory" 错误（如果我使用 ISE），如果我使用标准 Powershell 或 CMD，它需要很长时间。分钟 (5+)

如果我从命令中取出 --slurp，它会工作，速度更快，但结果如下所示：

[
{
"Header": {
  "AssetClass": "Commodities",
  "InstrumentType": "Swap",
  "UseCase": "Basis_Swap",
  "Level": "InstRefDataReporting"
},
"Attributes": {
  "NotionalCurrency": "EUR",
  "ExpiryDate": "2017-08-31",
  "ReturnorPayoutTrigger": "Contract for Difference (CFD)",
  "DeliveryType": "CASH",
  "BaseProduct": "AGRI",
  "OtherBaseProduct": "AGRI",
  "TransactionType": "FUTR",
  "FinalPriceType": "ARGM",
  "ReferenceRate": "10PPM ULTRA LOW SULPHUR DIESEL-CARGOES CIF NWE/BASIS ARA-PLATTS EUROPEAN",
  "OtherReferenceRate": "10PPM ULTRA LOW SULPHUR DIESEL-CARGOES CIF NWE/BASIS ARA-PLATTS EUROPEAN",
  "SubProduct": "GROS",
  "AdditionalSubProduct": "FWHT",
  "OtherSubProduct": "GROS",
  "OtherAdditionalSubProduct": "FWHT"
},
"ISIN": {
  "ISIN": "EZ68CZDRFYY7",
  "Status": "New"
},
"TemplateVersion": 1,
"Derived": {
  "CommodityDerivativeIndicator": "TRUE",
  "UnderlyingAssetType": "Multi Commodity",
  "IssuerorOperatoroftheTradingVenueIdentifier": "NA",
  "PriceMultiplier": 1,
  "FullName": "Commodities Swap Basis_Swap AGRI GROS FWHT AGRI GROS FWHT EUR 20170831",
  "ShortName": "NA/Swap AGRI FWHT FWHT EUR 20170831",
  "ClassificationType": "STQCXC"
  }
}]
[{
"Header": {
  "AssetClass": "Commodities",
  "InstrumentType": "Swap",
  "UseCase": "Basis_Swap",
  "Level": "InstRefDataReporting"
},
"Attributes": {
  "NotionalCurrency": "EUR",
  "ExpiryDate": "2017-08-31",
  "ReturnorPayoutTrigger": "Contract for Difference (CFD)",
  "DeliveryType": "CASH",
  "BaseProduct": "AGRI",
  "OtherBaseProduct": "AGRI",
  "TransactionType": "FUTR",
  "FinalPriceType": "ARGM",
  "ReferenceRate": "10PPM ULTRA LOW SULPHUR DIESEL-CARGOES CIF NWE/BASIS ARA-PLATTS EUROPEAN",
  "OtherReferenceRate": "10PPM ULTRA LOW SULPHUR DIESEL-CARGOES CIF NWE/BASIS ARA-PLATTS EUROPEAN",
  "SubProduct": "GROS",
  "AdditionalSubProduct": "FWHT",
  "OtherSubProduct": "GROS",
  "OtherAdditionalSubProduct": "FWHT"
},
"ISIN": {
  "ISIN": "EZ68CZDRFYY7",
  "Status": "New"
},
"TemplateVersion": 1,
"Derived": {
  "CommodityDerivativeIndicator": "TRUE",
  "UnderlyingAssetType": "Multi Commodity",
  "IssuerorOperatoroftheTradingVenueIdentifier": "NA",
  "PriceMultiplier": 1,
  "FullName": "Commodities Swap Basis_Swap AGRI GROS FWHT AGRI GROS FWHT EUR 20170831",
  "ShortName": "NA/Swap AGRI FWHT FWHT EUR 20170831",
  "ClassificationType": "STQCXC"
}
}
]

它为每一行创建一个数组，但数组不是逗号分隔的，这不是我想要的。

那么，如何在不使用 slurp 的情况下处理多 JSON 行的大文件，并为作为单个数组生成的输入文件创建一个文件，逗号分隔？

我已阅读有关输入的信息，但不确定这是否与我需要做的相关？

Answer 1

看起来 inputs 遇到了与 slurp 相同的问题。我不知道如何用 jq 在大文件上完成此操作，但 sed 可以做到：

sed '1s/^/[/; $!s/$/,/; $s/$/]/' in.json > out.json

输出：

[{"Header":{"AssetClass":"Commodities","InstrumentType":"Forward","UseCase":"Forward","Level":"InstRefDataReporting"},"Attributes":{"NotionalCurrency":"EUR","ExpiryDate":"2018-01-01","ReturnorPayoutTrigger":"Contract for Difference (CFD)","DeliveryType":"CASH","BaseProduct":"AGRI","TransactionType":"FUTR","FinalPriceType":"ARGM","ReferenceRate":"10PPM ULTRA LOW SULPHUR DIESEL-CARGOES CIF NWE/BASIS ARA-PLATTS EUROPEAN","SubProduct":"GROS","AdditionalSubProduct":"FWHT"},"ISIN":{"ISIN":"EZX27M86B860","Status":"New"},"TemplateVersion":1,"Derived":{"CommodityDerivativeIndicator":"TRUE","UnderlyingAssetType":"Agriculture","IssuerorOperatoroftheTradingVenueIdentifier":"NA","PriceMultiplier":1,"FullName":"Commodities Forward AGRI GROS FWHT EUR 20180101","ShortName":"NA/Fwd AGRI FWHT EUR 20180101","ClassificationType":"JTAXCC"}},
{"Header":{"AssetClass":"Commodities","InstrumentType":"Swap","UseCase":"Basis_Swap","Level":"InstRefDataReporting"},"Attributes":{"NotionalCurrency":"SOS","ExpiryDate":"2208-12-10","ReturnorPayoutTrigger":"Total Return","DeliveryType":"OPTL","TransactionType":"ORIT","FinalPriceType":"IHSM","ReferenceRate":"NATURAL GAS-MONTHLY INDEX S. TEXAS (TETCO)-GAS DAILY PRICE GUIDE","OtherReferenceRate":"NATURAL GAS-MONTHLY INDEX W. LOUISIANA (TETCO)-GAS DAILY PRICE GUIDE","BaseProduct":"OTHR","OtherBaseProduct":"OTHR","SubProduct":"","AdditionalSubProduct":"","OtherSubProduct":"","OtherAdditionalSubProduct":""},"ISIN":{"ISIN":"EZBBH1XR9GV6","Status":"New"},"TemplateVersion":1,"Derived":{"CommodityDerivativeIndicator":"TRUE","UnderlyingAssetType":"Multi Commodity","IssuerorOperatoroftheTradingVenueIdentifier":"NA","PriceMultiplier":1,"FullName":"Commodities Swap Basis_Swap OTHR   OTHR   SOS 22081210","ShortName":"NA/Swap OTHR   SOS 22081210","ClassificationType":"STQTXE"}},
{"Header":{"AssetClass":"Commodities","InstrumentType":"Swap","UseCase":"Multi_Exotic_Swap","Level":"InstRefDataReporting"},"Attributes":{"NotionalCurrency":"LRD","ExpiryDate":"2200-01-31","ReturnorPayoutTrigger":"Contract for Difference (CFD)","DeliveryType":"CASH","TransactionType":"TAPO","FinalPriceType":"EXOF","UnderlyingInstrumentIndex":["BCOMF6","BCOMNG3"]},"ISIN":{"ISIN":"EZ286HJVY4Q2","Status":"New"},"TemplateVersion":1,"Derived":{"CommodityDerivativeIndicator":"TRUE","IssuerorOperatoroftheTradingVenueIdentifier":"NA","PriceMultiplier":1,"UnderlyingAssetType":"Multi Commodity","BaseProduct":"MCEX","SubProduct":"","AdditionalSubProduct":"","FullName":"Commodities Multi_Exotic_Swap MCEX LRD 22000131","ShortName":"NA/Swap MCEX LRD 22000131","ClassificationType":"STQCXC"}},
{"Header":{"AssetClass":"Commodities","InstrumentType":"Option","UseCase":"Option","Level":"InstRefDataReporting"},"Attributes":{"NotionalCurrency":"TND","ExpiryDate":"2209-10-18","OptionType":"OPTL","OptionExerciseStyle":"AMER","ValuationMethodorTrigger":"Asian","DeliveryType":"CASH","TransactionType":"OTHR","FinalPriceType":"IHSM","ReferenceRate":"NATURAL GAS-NGPL (NICOR, NIPSCO, PGLC CITYGATE), NBPL-NICOR-ICE/10X MONTHLY","BaseProduct":"OTHR","SubProduct":"","AdditionalSubProduct":""},"ISIN":{"ISIN":"EZ2TK5CWL9Y4","Status":"New"},"TemplateVersion":1,"Derived":{"CommodityDerivativeIndicator":"TRUE","UnderlyingAssetType":"Other","IssuerorOperatoroftheTradingVenueIdentifier":"NA","PriceMultiplier":1,"FullName":"Commodities Option OTHR   TND 22091018","ShortName":"NA/O OTHR  OPTL TND 22091018","ClassificationType":"HTMHAC"}},
{"Header":{"AssetClass":"Commodities","InstrumentType":"Option","UseCase":"Multi_Exotic_Option","Level":"InstRefDataReporting"},"Attributes":{"NotionalCurrency":"SOS","ExpiryDate":"2209-10-18","UnderlyingInstrumentIndex":["BCOMSI2","BCOMPR3T"],"OptionType":"CALL","OptionExerciseStyle":"AMER","ValuationMethodorTrigger":"Other Path Dependent","DeliveryType":"CASH","TransactionType":"ORIT","FinalPriceType":"BLTC"},"ISIN":{"ISIN":"EZ82L36B6225","Status":"New"},"TemplateVersion":1,"Derived":{"CommodityDerivativeIndicator":"TRUE","IssuerorOperatoroftheTradingVenueIdentifier":"NA","PriceMultiplier":1,"UnderlyingAssetType":"Multi Commodity","BaseProduct":"MCEX","SubProduct":"","AdditionalSubProduct":"","FullName":"Commodities Multi_Exotic_Option MCEX SOS 22091018","ShortName":"NA/O MCEX Call SOS 22091018","ClassificationType":"HTQBPC"}}]

说明

sed 脚本由三个独立的替换组成。它们在不同的行中：

1  s/^/[/      # Insert a left bracket at the beginning of the first line
$! s/$/,/      # On all but the last line append a comma
$  s/$/]/      # Append a right bracket to the last line

Answer 2

也许 awk 在眼睛上更容易：

awk 'BEGIN{print "["} 
 length(last)>0 {print last ","} {last=[=10=]}
 END {print last, "]"}'

郑重声明，这是一个使用带有 input 的 jq 版本的无 slurp 解决方案：

jq -nr '"[", try (input|tojson, repeat(",\n\(input|tojson)")), "]"'

Answer 3

也许，我来晚了，但这就是你要找的！

jq -s '.' in.json > out.json

Answer 4

我使用了一个节点调用的衬里：

$ cat input.ndjson | node -e 'const rl = readline.createInterface({ input: process.stdin }); !async function () { let idx = 0; for await (const line of rl) { process.stdout.write((++idx === 1 ? "[" : "\n,") + JSON.stringify(JSON.parse(line))); } process.stdout.write("]"); }()' | tee output.json | jq 'length'
16814

解释：

$ cat input.ndjson |      # pipe the ndjson input, can be a file or any stream
  node -e '
    const rl = readline.createInterface({ input: process.stdin });
    !async function () {  // to be able to use await, this function has to be async, and then `!` is to be able call it right away;
      let idx = 0;
      for await (const line of rl) {
        process.stdout.write((++idx === 1 ? "[" : "\n,") + JSON.stringify(JSON.parse(line)));
      }
      process.stdout.write("]");
    }()
  ' | tee output.json     # save the output json file
    | jq 'length'         # call jq to calculate a length, also validate it, to make sure it's a valid single json file, this optional

Node的readline是一个很好的按行读取流的方法，它asyncIterable，可以使用(await ... of)获取每一行，然后调用JSON.parse 以确保验证每一行都是有效的 json，然后 JSON.stringify 在每行上转换回缩小的 JSON；

当然你可以换成本地的const arr = [];然后把每行的obj推入t，最后一次JSON.stringify，得到最小化的JSON，

但我喜欢这种几乎缩小的格式，每一行的 obj 都缩小了，但仍然逐行保留外部数组，这样我就可以轻松地通过 wc -l 计算它的总数行

[{...minified line1obj with no spaces...}
,{...minified line2obj}
,{...minified line3obj}
,...
,{...minified lineNobj}]

使用 jq 将 JSON 行转换为 JSON 数组

Convert JSON lines to JSON array using jq

arrays

json

jq

jsonlines

说明