为什么我的 QPushButton 关闭了 PyQt5 中的应用程序？
Why is my QPushButton closing the application in PyQt5?
from sys import (exit, argv)
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QToolTip, QPushButton, QApplication, QWidget, QLabel, QLineEdit)
from PyQt5.QtGui import (QIcon, QPixmap, QFont)
from random import choice
#Word list for the words the user will attempt to guess
words = ['Captivity', 'America', 'Europe', 'Federal', 'Gluten', 'Ridiculous', 'Automatic', 'Television', 'Difficult', 'Severe', 'Interesting', 'Indonesia', 'Industrial',
'Automotive', 'President', 'Terrestrial', 'Academic', 'Comedic', 'Comical', 'Genuine', 'Suitcase', 'Vietnam', 'Achievement', 'Careless', 'Monarchy', 'Monetary',
'Quarantine', 'Supernatural', 'Illuminate', 'Optimal', 'Application', 'Scientist', 'Software', 'Hardware', 'Program', 'Colonial', 'Algorithm', 'Intelligent']
#Creates the main widget which will contain everything else
class hangman(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
#Creates the QLabel 'background' which will contain the white background
self.background = QLabel(self)
#Uses QPixmap to place the background into the QLabel 'background'
self.background.setPixmap(QPixmap('background.jpg').scaled(201, 352, Qt.IgnoreAspectRatio, Qt.FastTransformation))
self.background.move(0.5, 0.5)
#Creates the QLabel 'image' which will contain the image of the hangman
self.image = QLabel(self)
number = '1'
#Uses QPixmap to insert the image of the hangman into the QLabel 'image'
self.image.setPixmap(QPixmap('hangman_' + number + '.png').scaled(100, 200, Qt.KeepAspectRatio, Qt.FastTransformation))
self.image.move(60, 0.5)
#Chooses random word from list 'words'
word = choice(words)
#Creates a blank version of the chosen word
blank_word = ''
for i in word:
blank_word += '__ '
blank_word.rstrip()
guessed_letters = []
self.blank_word_label = QLabel(blank_word, self)
self.blank_word_label.setFixedWidth(200)
self.blank_word_label.move(0,200)
self.blank_word_label.setAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter)
self.btn = QPushButton('Check', self)
#Selects the font/font size for the label on the QPushButton 'btn' using QFont
self.btn.setFont(QFont('SansSerif', 20))
#Creates a tooltip when user hovers over the QPushButton 'btn' using QToolTip
self.btn.setToolTip('Click to check if the entered letter is in the word')
#Selects the font/font size for the QToolTip above on the QPushButton 'btn' using QFont
QToolTip.setFont(QFont('SansSerif', 10))
#Connects the QPushButton 'btn' to the function 'check_letter' to activate when the button is clicked
self.btn.clicked.connect(self.check_letter)
self.btn.resize(102, 43)
self.btn.move(99, 228)
self.entered_letter = QLineEdit(self)
font = self.entered_letter.font()
font.setPointSize(24)
self.entered_letter.setFont(font)
self.entered_letter.setMaxLength(1)
self.entered_letter.setToolTip('Enter a letter and check if it is in the word')
self.entered_letter.resize(100, 43)
self.entered_letter.move(0.5, 228)
#Sets where on the screen the window will open and the size of the window respectively using x and y coordinates
self.setGeometry(1390, 30, 200, 270)
#Locks the size of the window and make it impossible for the user to change it
self.setFixedSize(self.size())
self.setWindowTitle('Hangman')
#Sets the window icon to the image file 'icon.png' located in the same folder as the source file
self.setWindowIcon(QIcon('icon.png'))
self.show()
def check_letter(self):
if self.entered_letter.text() in word:
guessed_letters.append(self.entered_letter.text())
else:
number = int(number)
number += 1
number = str(number)
self.image.setPixmap(QPixmap('hangman_' + number + '.png').scaled(100, 200, Qt.KeepAspectRatio, Qt.FastTransformation))
QApplication.processEvents()
blank_word = ''
for i in word:
if i in guessed_letters:
blank_word += i
else:
blank_word += '__ '
blank_word.rstrip()
self.blank_word_label = QLabel(blank_word, self)
QApplication.processEvents()
if __name__ == '__main__':
#Begins the execution of the QApplication
app = QApplication(argv)
ex = hangman()
ex.show()
exit(app.exec_())
这是我目前正在制作的 Hangman 游戏。它是在 Windows 7 32 位机器上使用 PyQt5 和 Python 3.5 创建的。我遇到的问题是，当我单击 QPushButton 'btn' 时，应用程序关闭，我不知道为什么。它还没有完成，并且缺少很多代码，但我认为它具有执行我想要它执行的操作所需的功能，但它不起作用。欢迎任何 help/advice。 :)
主要问题是你在方法中创建的变量只存在于该区域，例如word只存在于initUI中，但你想在check_letter中使用它，所以这就是你程序崩溃的原因.我已经更正了这些错误，除了更正了一些逻辑之外，另一个错误是您正在创建一个新的 QLabel，而您必须更新文本。
class hangman(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
#Creates the QLabel 'background' which will contain the white background
self.background = QLabel(self)
#Uses QPixmap to place the background into the QLabel 'background'
self.background.setPixmap(QPixmap('background.jpg').scaled(201, 352, Qt.IgnoreAspectRatio, Qt.FastTransformation))
self.background.move(0.5, 0.5)
#Creates the QLabel 'image' which will contain the image of the hangman
self.image = QLabel(self)
self.number = 1
#Uses QPixmap to insert the image of the hangman into the QLabel 'image'
self.image.setPixmap(QPixmap('hangman_{}.png'.format(self.number)).scaled(100, 200, Qt.KeepAspectRatio, Qt.FastTransformation))
self.image.move(60, 0.5)
#Chooses random word from list 'words'
self.word = choice(words)
#Creates a blank version of the chosen word
blank_word = '__ '*len(self.word)
self.guessed_letters = ""
self.blank_word_label = QLabel(blank_word, self)
self.blank_word_label.setFixedWidth(200)
self.blank_word_label.move(0,200)
self.blank_word_label.setAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter)
self.btn = QPushButton('Check', self)
#Selects the font/font size for the label on the QPushButton 'btn' using QFont
self.btn.setFont(QFont('SansSerif', 20))
#Creates a tooltip when user hovers over the QPushButton 'btn' using QToolTip
self.btn.setToolTip('Click to check if the entered letter is in the word')
#Selects the font/font size for the QToolTip above on the QPushButton 'btn' using QFont
QToolTip.setFont(QFont('SansSerif', 10))
#Connects the QPushButton 'btn' to the function 'check_letter' to activate when the button is clicked
self.btn.clicked.connect(self.check_letter)
self.btn.resize(102, 43)
self.btn.move(99, 228)
self.entered_letter = QLineEdit(self)
font = self.entered_letter.font()
font.setPointSize(24)
self.entered_letter.setFont(font)
self.entered_letter.setMaxLength(1)
self.entered_letter.setToolTip('Enter a letter and check if it is in the word')
self.entered_letter.resize(100, 43)
self.entered_letter.move(0.5, 228)
#Sets where on the screen the window will open and the size of the window respectively using x and y coordinates
self.setGeometry(1390, 30, 200, 270)
#Locks the size of the window and make it impossible for the user to change it
self.setFixedSize(self.size())
self.setWindowTitle('Hangman')
#Sets the window icon to the image file 'icon.png' located in the same folder as the source file
self.setWindowIcon(QIcon('icon.png'))
self.show()
def check_letter(self):
if self.entered_letter.text() in self.word:
self.guessed_letters += self.entered_letter.text()
else:
self.number += 1
self.image.setPixmap(QPixmap('hangman_{}.png'.format(self.number)).scaled(100, 200, Qt.KeepAspectRatio, Qt.FastTransformation))
blank_word = ''
for i in self.word:
if i in self.guessed_letters:
blank_word += i
else:
blank_word += '__ '
self.blank_word_label.setText(blank_word)
from sys import (exit, argv)
from PyQt5.QtCore import Qt
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import (QToolTip, QPushButton, QApplication, QWidget, QLabel, QLineEdit)
from PyQt5.QtGui import (QIcon, QPixmap, QFont)
from random import choice
#Word list for the words the user will attempt to guess
words = ['Captivity', 'America', 'Europe', 'Federal', 'Gluten', 'Ridiculous', 'Automatic', 'Television', 'Difficult', 'Severe', 'Interesting', 'Indonesia', 'Industrial',
'Automotive', 'President', 'Terrestrial', 'Academic', 'Comedic', 'Comical', 'Genuine', 'Suitcase', 'Vietnam', 'Achievement', 'Careless', 'Monarchy', 'Monetary',
'Quarantine', 'Supernatural', 'Illuminate', 'Optimal', 'Application', 'Scientist', 'Software', 'Hardware', 'Program', 'Colonial', 'Algorithm', 'Intelligent']
#Creates the main widget which will contain everything else
class hangman(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
#Creates the QLabel 'background' which will contain the white background
self.background = QLabel(self)
#Uses QPixmap to place the background into the QLabel 'background'
self.background.setPixmap(QPixmap('background.jpg').scaled(201, 352, Qt.IgnoreAspectRatio, Qt.FastTransformation))
self.background.move(0.5, 0.5)
#Creates the QLabel 'image' which will contain the image of the hangman
self.image = QLabel(self)
number = '1'
#Uses QPixmap to insert the image of the hangman into the QLabel 'image'
self.image.setPixmap(QPixmap('hangman_' + number + '.png').scaled(100, 200, Qt.KeepAspectRatio, Qt.FastTransformation))
self.image.move(60, 0.5)
#Chooses random word from list 'words'
word = choice(words)
#Creates a blank version of the chosen word
blank_word = ''
for i in word:
blank_word += '__ '
blank_word.rstrip()
guessed_letters = []
self.blank_word_label = QLabel(blank_word, self)
self.blank_word_label.setFixedWidth(200)
self.blank_word_label.move(0,200)
self.blank_word_label.setAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter)
self.btn = QPushButton('Check', self)
#Selects the font/font size for the label on the QPushButton 'btn' using QFont
self.btn.setFont(QFont('SansSerif', 20))
#Creates a tooltip when user hovers over the QPushButton 'btn' using QToolTip
self.btn.setToolTip('Click to check if the entered letter is in the word')
#Selects the font/font size for the QToolTip above on the QPushButton 'btn' using QFont
QToolTip.setFont(QFont('SansSerif', 10))
#Connects the QPushButton 'btn' to the function 'check_letter' to activate when the button is clicked
self.btn.clicked.connect(self.check_letter)
self.btn.resize(102, 43)
self.btn.move(99, 228)
self.entered_letter = QLineEdit(self)
font = self.entered_letter.font()
font.setPointSize(24)
self.entered_letter.setFont(font)
self.entered_letter.setMaxLength(1)
self.entered_letter.setToolTip('Enter a letter and check if it is in the word')
self.entered_letter.resize(100, 43)
self.entered_letter.move(0.5, 228)
#Sets where on the screen the window will open and the size of the window respectively using x and y coordinates
self.setGeometry(1390, 30, 200, 270)
#Locks the size of the window and make it impossible for the user to change it
self.setFixedSize(self.size())
self.setWindowTitle('Hangman')
#Sets the window icon to the image file 'icon.png' located in the same folder as the source file
self.setWindowIcon(QIcon('icon.png'))
self.show()
def check_letter(self):
if self.entered_letter.text() in word:
guessed_letters.append(self.entered_letter.text())
else:
number = int(number)
number += 1
number = str(number)
self.image.setPixmap(QPixmap('hangman_' + number + '.png').scaled(100, 200, Qt.KeepAspectRatio, Qt.FastTransformation))
QApplication.processEvents()
blank_word = ''
for i in word:
if i in guessed_letters:
blank_word += i
else:
blank_word += '__ '
blank_word.rstrip()
self.blank_word_label = QLabel(blank_word, self)
QApplication.processEvents()
if __name__ == '__main__':
#Begins the execution of the QApplication
app = QApplication(argv)
ex = hangman()
ex.show()
exit(app.exec_())
这是我目前正在制作的 Hangman 游戏。它是在 Windows 7 32 位机器上使用 PyQt5 和 Python 3.5 创建的。我遇到的问题是，当我单击 QPushButton 'btn' 时，应用程序关闭，我不知道为什么。它还没有完成，并且缺少很多代码，但我认为它具有执行我想要它执行的操作所需的功能，但它不起作用。欢迎任何 help/advice。 :)
主要问题是你在方法中创建的变量只存在于该区域，例如word只存在于initUI中，但你想在check_letter中使用它，所以这就是你程序崩溃的原因.我已经更正了这些错误，除了更正了一些逻辑之外，另一个错误是您正在创建一个新的 QLabel，而您必须更新文本。
class hangman(QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
#Creates the QLabel 'background' which will contain the white background
self.background = QLabel(self)
#Uses QPixmap to place the background into the QLabel 'background'
self.background.setPixmap(QPixmap('background.jpg').scaled(201, 352, Qt.IgnoreAspectRatio, Qt.FastTransformation))
self.background.move(0.5, 0.5)
#Creates the QLabel 'image' which will contain the image of the hangman
self.image = QLabel(self)
self.number = 1
#Uses QPixmap to insert the image of the hangman into the QLabel 'image'
self.image.setPixmap(QPixmap('hangman_{}.png'.format(self.number)).scaled(100, 200, Qt.KeepAspectRatio, Qt.FastTransformation))
self.image.move(60, 0.5)
#Chooses random word from list 'words'
self.word = choice(words)
#Creates a blank version of the chosen word
blank_word = '__ '*len(self.word)
self.guessed_letters = ""
self.blank_word_label = QLabel(blank_word, self)
self.blank_word_label.setFixedWidth(200)
self.blank_word_label.move(0,200)
self.blank_word_label.setAlignment(Qt.AlignCenter)
self.btn = QPushButton('Check', self)
#Selects the font/font size for the label on the QPushButton 'btn' using QFont
self.btn.setFont(QFont('SansSerif', 20))
#Creates a tooltip when user hovers over the QPushButton 'btn' using QToolTip
self.btn.setToolTip('Click to check if the entered letter is in the word')
#Selects the font/font size for the QToolTip above on the QPushButton 'btn' using QFont
QToolTip.setFont(QFont('SansSerif', 10))
#Connects the QPushButton 'btn' to the function 'check_letter' to activate when the button is clicked
self.btn.clicked.connect(self.check_letter)
self.btn.resize(102, 43)
self.btn.move(99, 228)
self.entered_letter = QLineEdit(self)
font = self.entered_letter.font()
font.setPointSize(24)
self.entered_letter.setFont(font)
self.entered_letter.setMaxLength(1)
self.entered_letter.setToolTip('Enter a letter and check if it is in the word')
self.entered_letter.resize(100, 43)
self.entered_letter.move(0.5, 228)
#Sets where on the screen the window will open and the size of the window respectively using x and y coordinates
self.setGeometry(1390, 30, 200, 270)
#Locks the size of the window and make it impossible for the user to change it
self.setFixedSize(self.size())
self.setWindowTitle('Hangman')
#Sets the window icon to the image file 'icon.png' located in the same folder as the source file
self.setWindowIcon(QIcon('icon.png'))
self.show()
def check_letter(self):
if self.entered_letter.text() in self.word:
self.guessed_letters += self.entered_letter.text()
else:
self.number += 1
self.image.setPixmap(QPixmap('hangman_{}.png'.format(self.number)).scaled(100, 200, Qt.KeepAspectRatio, Qt.FastTransformation))
blank_word = ''
for i in self.word:
if i in self.guessed_letters:
blank_word += i
else:
blank_word += '__ '
self.blank_word_label.setText(blank_word)