MS Access SQL - 从 5 个表中搜索

MS Access SQL - Searching from 5 tables

我有一个存储电子书信息的数据库,它由 5 个表组成,即

  1. BOOKS (book_id, book_name, book_rating)
  2. AUTHORS (author_id, author_name)
  3. BOOK_AND_AUTHORS (ba_id, book_id, author_id)
  4. TAGS (tag_id, tag_name)
  5. BOOKS_AND_TAGS (bt_id, book_id, tag_id)

每本书都有一个或多个作者和一个或多个标签(对它们进行分类)。 BOOKS_AND_AUTHORSBOOKS_AND_TAGS 是联结表,用于维护 book:authors 和 books:tags 之间的多对多关系。

现在我想做的是使用多个条件搜索具有 sql 的特定书籍。

例如,我想获取满足以下条件的图书的名称和 ID,

  1. Has a rating of 2 or above
  2. Should only have the tags denoted by tag id's 2 and 219; no other tags allowed.

我的解决方案包括以下内容。

SELECT DISTINCT books.book_id, books.book_name 

FROM 
    (
    (tags INNER JOIN books_and_tags ON tags.tag_id = books_and_tags.tag_id)

    INNER JOIN 

        (books INNER JOIN 

            (authors INNER JOIN  books_and_authors 
            ON authors.author_id = books_and_authors.author_id) 

        ON books.book_id = books_and_authors.book_id) 

    ON books_and_tags.book_id = books.book_id
    )

WHERE ((BOOKS.book_rating >= 2)  AND ((TAGS.tag_id) IN (2,219))) 
GROUP BY BOOKS.book_id, BOOKS.book_name
HAVING COUNT(TAGS.tag_id) = 2

不幸的是,这不是 return 我想要的。我做错了吗?关于如何使用 SQL 实现此类搜索的任何建议?谢谢。

在网上搜索了一下,找到了解决方法。

问题是由五个 table 连接和 SQL 语句的以下部分产生的:

WHERE ((BOOKS.book_rating >= 2)  AND ((TAGS.tag_id) IN (2,219))) 
GROUP BY BOOKS.book_id, BOOKS.book_name
HAVING COUNT(TAGS.tag_id) = 2

加入五个 table 之后,对于某些预期情况,COUNT(TAGS.tag_id) = 2 不会被评估为 TRUE。这是因为在连接操作生成的结果集中,包含给定书籍的许多重复行。因此,COUNT... 部分在某些情况下会失败。为了克服这个问题,COUNT 应该只考虑不同的 tag_id。解决方案应该是这样的,

HAVING COUNT (DISTINCT TAGS.tag_id) = 2

如果只有 MS Access SQL 引擎支持 DISTINCT 聚合函数。请参阅此以获取更多信息:How do I count unique items in field in Access query?

因此,我最终的解决方案是:

SELECT DISTINCT books.book_id, books.book_name 
FROM 

    (SELECT DISTINCT tags.tag_id, books.book_id, books.book_name 
    FROM (
        (tags INNER JOIN books_and_tags ON tags.tag_id = books_and_tags.tag_id)

        INNER JOIN 

            (books INNER JOIN 

                (authors INNER JOIN  books_and_authors 
                ON authors.author_id = books_and_authors.author_id) 

            ON books.book_id = books_and_authors.book_id) 

        ON books_and_tags.book_id = books.book_id

        ) WHERE (BOOKS.book_rating >= 2) [+ all the other conditions NOT based on tags]
    )

WHERE (TAGS.tag_id) IN (2,219) 
GROUP BY BOOKS.book_id, BOOKS.book_name
HAVING COUNT(TAGS.tag_id) = 2

请注意,原来的 WHERE 子句已拆分为两个。