为什么 recvfrom() 在流套接字 return 上使用零地址和端口?
Why would recvfrom() used on a stream socket return a zero address and port?
我使用的是 Linux 系统,而不是 Windows 系统。我在下面发布了一些代码。请记住,此代码从未打算成为 "production quality."
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#define PORT 9909
void die ( const char *fmt, ... )
{
va_list vargs;
va_start( vargs, fmt );
vfprintf( stderr, fmt, vargs );
va_end( vargs );
exit( 1 );
}
int main ( int argc, char **argv )
{
/* *** */
int listener = socket( PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0 );
if( listener < 0 ) die( "socket(listener)" );
int flag = 1;
if( setsockopt( listener, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, (char*)&flag, sizeof(int) ) < 0 )
die( "setsockopt()" );
struct sockaddr_in svr_addr;
memset( &svr_addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr) );
svr_addr.sin_family = PF_INET;
svr_addr.sin_port = htons( PORT );
svr_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
if( bind( listener, (struct sockaddr*)&svr_addr, (socklen_t)sizeof(struct sockaddr) ) < 0 )
die( "bind()" );
if( listen( listener, 10 ) < 0 )
die( "listen()" );
/* *** */
fd_set fd_master;
fd_set fd_select;
int fd_max = listener;
FD_ZERO( &fd_master );
FD_ZERO( &fd_select );
FD_SET( listener, &fd_master );
while( 1 )
{
fd_select = fd_master;
if( select( fd_max + 1, &fd_select, NULL, NULL, NULL ) < 0 )
die( "select()" );
for( int ifd = 0; ifd <= fd_max; ++ifd )
{
if( ! FD_ISSET( ifd, &fd_select ) ) continue;
struct sockaddr_in cli_addr; memset( &cli_addr, 0, sizeof(cli_addr) );
socklen_t cli_alen = sizeof(cli_addr);
if( ifd == listener )
{
int cli = accept( listener, (struct sockaddr*)&cli_addr, &cli_alen );
if( cli < 0 ) die( "accept()" );
FD_SET( cli, &fd_master );
if( cli > fd_max ) fd_max = cli;
printf( "new connection> %s:%u\n", inet_ntoa( cli_addr.sin_addr ), ntohs( cli_addr.sin_port ) );
fflush( stdout );
}
else
{
char buf[256];
cli_alen = sizeof(cli_addr);
ssize_t nbytes = recvfrom( ifd, buf, sizeof(buf), 0, (struct sockaddr*)&cli_addr, &cli_alen );
if( nbytes <= 0 )
{
close( ifd );
FD_CLR( ifd, &fd_master );
if( nbytes == 0 )
printf( "connection hung up> %u\n", ifd );
else
printf( "recvfrom() : %s\n", strerror( errno ) );
fflush( stdout );
}
else
{
// build a "from identifier" for each of the recipients
char msg[sizeof(buf) * 2];
sprintf( msg, "%s:%u> ", inet_ntoa( cli_addr.sin_addr ), ntohs( cli_addr.sin_port ) );
memcpy( msg + strlen( msg ), buf, nbytes );
nbytes += strlen( msg );
// send incoming data to all clients (excluding the originator)
for( int ofd = 0; ofd <= fd_max; ++ofd )
{
if( FD_ISSET( ofd, &fd_master ) )
if( ofd != listener && ofd != ifd )
if( send( ofd, msg, nbytes, 0 ) < 0 )
{ printf( "send() %s\n", strerror( errno ) ); fflush( stdout ); }
}
}
}
}
}
return 0;
}
当代码为 运行 并且您从两个或多个客户端连接(通过 telnet)时,每条消息都将发件人显示为“0.0.0.0”,端口为 0。
recvfrom() 的 Windows 文档声明“[t]he from 和 fromlen 参数在连接时被忽略面向插座。” Linux 和 POSIX 文档没有做出这样的声明,甚至说 recvfrom() “...可用于在套接字上接收数据,无论它是否是面向连接的。 “没有它在哪里说 src_addr 和 addrlen 将被忽略......所以我希望这些被填写。
在已连接的套接字上,您必须调用 getpeername
,然后继续您的 inet_ntoa
(考虑使用 inet_ntop
,因为它支持多个地址族)。根据手册页:
int getpeername(int socket, struct sockaddr *restrict address, socklen_t *restrict address_len);
Nowhere does it say that src_addr and addrlen will be ignored.
这完全是错误的。它说
If src_addr is not NULL, and the underlying protocol provides the source address, this source address is filled in. [emphasis added]
TCP是否可以提供源地址你可以争论,但你不能声称'nowhere does it say ...'。
我使用的是 Linux 系统,而不是 Windows 系统。我在下面发布了一些代码。请记住,此代码从未打算成为 "production quality."
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#define PORT 9909
void die ( const char *fmt, ... )
{
va_list vargs;
va_start( vargs, fmt );
vfprintf( stderr, fmt, vargs );
va_end( vargs );
exit( 1 );
}
int main ( int argc, char **argv )
{
/* *** */
int listener = socket( PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0 );
if( listener < 0 ) die( "socket(listener)" );
int flag = 1;
if( setsockopt( listener, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR, (char*)&flag, sizeof(int) ) < 0 )
die( "setsockopt()" );
struct sockaddr_in svr_addr;
memset( &svr_addr, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr) );
svr_addr.sin_family = PF_INET;
svr_addr.sin_port = htons( PORT );
svr_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
if( bind( listener, (struct sockaddr*)&svr_addr, (socklen_t)sizeof(struct sockaddr) ) < 0 )
die( "bind()" );
if( listen( listener, 10 ) < 0 )
die( "listen()" );
/* *** */
fd_set fd_master;
fd_set fd_select;
int fd_max = listener;
FD_ZERO( &fd_master );
FD_ZERO( &fd_select );
FD_SET( listener, &fd_master );
while( 1 )
{
fd_select = fd_master;
if( select( fd_max + 1, &fd_select, NULL, NULL, NULL ) < 0 )
die( "select()" );
for( int ifd = 0; ifd <= fd_max; ++ifd )
{
if( ! FD_ISSET( ifd, &fd_select ) ) continue;
struct sockaddr_in cli_addr; memset( &cli_addr, 0, sizeof(cli_addr) );
socklen_t cli_alen = sizeof(cli_addr);
if( ifd == listener )
{
int cli = accept( listener, (struct sockaddr*)&cli_addr, &cli_alen );
if( cli < 0 ) die( "accept()" );
FD_SET( cli, &fd_master );
if( cli > fd_max ) fd_max = cli;
printf( "new connection> %s:%u\n", inet_ntoa( cli_addr.sin_addr ), ntohs( cli_addr.sin_port ) );
fflush( stdout );
}
else
{
char buf[256];
cli_alen = sizeof(cli_addr);
ssize_t nbytes = recvfrom( ifd, buf, sizeof(buf), 0, (struct sockaddr*)&cli_addr, &cli_alen );
if( nbytes <= 0 )
{
close( ifd );
FD_CLR( ifd, &fd_master );
if( nbytes == 0 )
printf( "connection hung up> %u\n", ifd );
else
printf( "recvfrom() : %s\n", strerror( errno ) );
fflush( stdout );
}
else
{
// build a "from identifier" for each of the recipients
char msg[sizeof(buf) * 2];
sprintf( msg, "%s:%u> ", inet_ntoa( cli_addr.sin_addr ), ntohs( cli_addr.sin_port ) );
memcpy( msg + strlen( msg ), buf, nbytes );
nbytes += strlen( msg );
// send incoming data to all clients (excluding the originator)
for( int ofd = 0; ofd <= fd_max; ++ofd )
{
if( FD_ISSET( ofd, &fd_master ) )
if( ofd != listener && ofd != ifd )
if( send( ofd, msg, nbytes, 0 ) < 0 )
{ printf( "send() %s\n", strerror( errno ) ); fflush( stdout ); }
}
}
}
}
}
return 0;
}
当代码为 运行 并且您从两个或多个客户端连接(通过 telnet)时,每条消息都将发件人显示为“0.0.0.0”,端口为 0。
recvfrom() 的 Windows 文档声明“[t]he from 和 fromlen 参数在连接时被忽略面向插座。” Linux 和 POSIX 文档没有做出这样的声明,甚至说 recvfrom() “...可用于在套接字上接收数据,无论它是否是面向连接的。 “没有它在哪里说 src_addr 和 addrlen 将被忽略......所以我希望这些被填写。
在已连接的套接字上,您必须调用 getpeername
,然后继续您的 inet_ntoa
(考虑使用 inet_ntop
,因为它支持多个地址族)。根据手册页:
int getpeername(int socket, struct sockaddr *restrict address, socklen_t *restrict address_len);
Nowhere does it say that src_addr and addrlen will be ignored.
这完全是错误的。它说
If src_addr is not NULL, and the underlying protocol provides the source address, this source address is filled in. [emphasis added]
TCP是否可以提供源地址你可以争论,但你不能声称'nowhere does it say ...'。