udp/snmp 可以发送多少个字符有限制吗？
Is there a limit how many character can be send over udp/snmp?
我正在尝试通过 UDP/SNMP 从服务器向客户端发送一个字符串。但是，如果我将长度为 86 的字符串复制到 pdu packet->value_value 一切正常，我会在客户端获取该字符串。如果我再向字符串添加一个字符，长度现在为 87，数据包将无法传送到客户端。数据包大小正确增加。是否有限制可以发送多少个字符？我的包裹小于1500
此代码片段展示了我如何将字符串复制到 packet->value_value
value_value = "asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd as";
printf("String length: %d\n",strlen(value_value)); // 86 OK, 87or greater NOK
packet->value_length = strlen(value_value);
packet->value_value = malloc(packet->value_length);
strcpy(packet->value_value, value_value);
有关某些信息，这里是一个终端输出，其中包含有关数据包长度的更多信息
输出字符串长度86
src/agent.c:69:parse_request(): Input length=43
src/agent.c:116:perform_snmp_request(): OID is: 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1.0
String length: 86
src/mibservice.c:90:snmpget(): packet->value_type=04
src/mibservice.c:91:snmpget(): packet->value_length=56
src/mibservice.c:93:snmpget(): packet->value_value=61
...
src/mibservice.c:93:snmpget(): packet->value_value=73
src/mibservice.c:95:snmpget(): Before packet->length=41
src/mibservice.c:97:snmpget(): After packet->length=127
src/mibservice.c:99:snmpget(): Before packet->pdu_length=28
src/mibservice.c:101:snmpget(): After packet->pdu_length=114
src/mibservice.c:103:snmpget(): Before packet->variablebindings_length=14
src/mibservice.c:105:snmpget(): After packet->variablebindings_length=100
src/mibservice.c:107:snmpget(): Before packet->varbind_length=12
src/mibservice.c:109:snmpget(): After packet->varbind_length=98
src/agent.c:96:create_response(): Output length=129
输出字符串长度87
src/agent.c:69:parse_request(): Input length=43
src/agent.c:116:perform_snmp_request(): OID is: 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1.0
String length: 87
src/mibservice.c:90:snmpget(): packet->value_type=04
src/mibservice.c:91:snmpget(): packet->value_length=57
src/mibservice.c:93:snmpget(): packet->value_value=61
...
src/mibservice.c:93:snmpget(): packet->value_value=64
src/mibservice.c:95:snmpget(): Before packet->length=41
src/mibservice.c:97:snmpget(): After packet->length=128
src/mibservice.c:99:snmpget(): Before packet->pdu_length=28
src/mibservice.c:101:snmpget(): After packet->pdu_length=115
src/mibservice.c:103:snmpget(): Before packet->variablebindings_length=14
src/mibservice.c:105:snmpget(): After packet->variablebindings_length=101
src/mibservice.c:107:snmpget(): Before packet->varbind_length=12
src/mibservice.c:109:snmpget(): After packet->varbind_length=99
src/agent.c:96:create_response(): Output length=130
更新
这是一个关于我的问题的可运行示例。数据包 out_buf_0 表示有效的 SNMP 数据包，可以通过 UDP 发送。数据包 out_buf_1 是与 out_buf_0 相同的数据包，但在末尾多了一个字符 0x64。此外，由于附加字符，我提高了所有长度 + 1。为什么 out_buf_1 不是有效的 SNMP packet/why 它不能通过 UDP 发送吗？注意：SNMP 请求无法在终端中显示，因为来自客户端的 request id 与 out_buf_0 和 out_buf_1 不同，请在 wireshark 中查看 request/response.
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#define MESSAGE_MAX_LEN 1500 /* MTU, IEEE Std 802.3TM-2015 */
#define PORT 161 /* RFC 1157 */
int out_buf_0_len = 129; /* 0x7f + 2 */
char out_buf_0[] = {
0x30, /* SNMP Packet start */
0x7f, /* SNMP Packet length */
0x02, 0x01, 0x00, /* Version */
0x04, 0x06, 0x70, 0x75, 0x62, 0x6c, 0x69, 0x63, /* Community*/
0xa2, /* GetResponsePDU */
0x72, /* GetResponsePDU Length */
0x02, 0x04, 0x2c, 0x80, 0x7e, 0x2f, /* Request id */
0x02, 0x01, 0x00, /*Error status */
0x02, 0x01, 0x00, /*Error index */
0x30, /* Varbind list start */
0x64, /* Varbind list length*/
0x30, /* Varbind value start */
0x62, /* Varbind value length */
0x06, 0x08, 0x2b, 0x06, 0x01, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, /* OID */
0x04, /* Value start, type octet-string*/
0x56, /* Value length */
0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, /* Value */
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73 };
int out_buf_1_len = 130; /* 0x80 + 2 */
char out_buf_1[] = {
0x30, /* SNMP Packet start */
0x80, /* SNMP Packet length */
0x02, 0x01, 0x00, /* Version */
0x04, 0x06, 0x70, 0x75, 0x62, 0x6c, 0x69, 0x63, /* Community*/
0xa2, /* GetResponsePDU */
0x73, /* GetResponsePDU Length */
0x02, 0x04, 0x2c, 0x80, 0x7e, 0x2f, /* Request id */
0x02, 0x01, 0x00, /*Error status */
0x02, 0x01, 0x00, /*Error index */
0x30, /* Varbind list start */
0x65, /* Varbind list length*/
0x30, /* Varbind value start */
0x63, /* Varbind value length */
0x06, 0x08, 0x2b, 0x06, 0x01, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, /* OID */
0x04, /* Value start, type octet-string*/
0x57, /* Value length */
0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, /* Value */
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64 };
int my_socket;
struct sockaddr_in remote_addr;
int socket_create()
{
printf("Create socket\n");
struct sockaddr_in socket_addr;
if ((my_socket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0)
{
printf("Cannot create socket. Exit.\n");
return -1;
}
memset((char *)&socket_addr, 0, sizeof(socket_addr));
socket_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
socket_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
socket_addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);
if (bind(my_socket, (struct sockaddr *)&socket_addr, sizeof(socket_addr)) < 0)
{
printf("Bind failed. Exit.\n");
return - 1;
}
printf("Listen on: %s:%d\n", inet_ntoa(socket_addr.sin_addr), PORT);
return 0;
}
socklen_t addr_len = sizeof(remote_addr);
void socket_listen(char *in_buf)
{
int recv_len; /* Bytes received */
int nbyt; /* Bytes count */
char *out_buf[MESSAGE_MAX_LEN];
int out_len = 0;
for (;;) { /* Receive snmp message from snmp manager */
recv_len = recvfrom(my_socket, in_buf, MESSAGE_MAX_LEN, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&remote_addr, &addr_len);
if (recv_len > 0)
if (sendto(my_socket, out_buf_1, out_buf_1_len, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&remote_addr, addr_len) < 0)
printf("Cannot send data to destination.\n");
}
}
/* Disable SNMP on local machine. # systemctl stop snmpd
* Execute main(): gcc <filename>.c && ./a.out
* Run SNMP Request: $ snmpget -v 1 -c public 0.0.0.0:161 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1.0
*/
char in_buf[MESSAGE_MAX_LEN];
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
if (socket_create() == -1)
exit(2);
socket_listen(in_buf);
}
包括我的 SNMPv1 数据包在内的整个帧长度 out_buf_0 是 1368 位，out_buf_1 应该是 1376 位。
正如有人在评论中指出的那样，strcpy 是邪恶的，不应该用于任何事情。您的 malloc 实际上分配了一个比原始数组小的数组，因为您没有考虑尾随的 null。当您使用 strcpy 时，您在分配的数组末尾写了尾随的空值。
由于您没有包含与数据包结构相关的代码，我不知道它是如何使用的，但是如果在此之后的任何代码需要 C 空终止字符串，它可能无法按预期工作。
SNMP包长度0x80错误，见
The ASN.1 length field of 0x80 is wrong. The decoder sees the first
two octets of your packet are 0x30 0x80 and determines from that 0x80
that there should be no more octets following. And yet there are more
octets, so it is an invalid encoding and further not a valid SNMP
message. The 0x80 here does not mean 128 octets for content as you
intend, it means your length field is 0x80 & ~0x80 == 0 octets long
following this octet. Instead, 0x81 would mean your length field is
0x81 & ~0x80 == 1 following octets, and that following 0x80 octet
would indicate a content length of 128.
这就是 SNMP 数据包的样子，
char out_buf_1[] = {
0x30, /* SNMP Packet start */
0x81, 0x80, /* SNMP Packet length */
0x02, 0x01, 0x00, /* Version */
0x04, 0x06, 0x70, 0x75, 0x62, 0x6c, 0x69, 0x63, /* Community*/
0xa2, /* GetResponsePDU */
0x73, /* GetResponsePDU Length */
0x02, 0x04, 0x2c, 0x80, 0x7e, 0x2f, /* Request id */
0x02, 0x01, 0x00, /*Error status */
0x02, 0x01, 0x00, /*Error index */
0x30, /* Varbind list start */
0x65, /* Varbind list length*/
0x30, /* Varbind value start */
0x63, /* Varbind value length */
0x06, 0x08, 0x2b, 0x06, 0x01, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, /* OID */
0x04, /* Value start, type octet-string*/
0x57, /* Value length */
0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, /* Value */
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64 };
我正在尝试通过 UDP/SNMP 从服务器向客户端发送一个字符串。但是，如果我将长度为 86 的字符串复制到 pdu packet->value_value 一切正常，我会在客户端获取该字符串。如果我再向字符串添加一个字符，长度现在为 87，数据包将无法传送到客户端。数据包大小正确增加。是否有限制可以发送多少个字符？我的包裹小于1500
此代码片段展示了我如何将字符串复制到 packet->value_value
value_value = "asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd as";
printf("String length: %d\n",strlen(value_value)); // 86 OK, 87or greater NOK
packet->value_length = strlen(value_value);
packet->value_value = malloc(packet->value_length);
strcpy(packet->value_value, value_value);
有关某些信息，这里是一个终端输出，其中包含有关数据包长度的更多信息
输出字符串长度86
src/agent.c:69:parse_request(): Input length=43
src/agent.c:116:perform_snmp_request(): OID is: 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1.0
String length: 86
src/mibservice.c:90:snmpget(): packet->value_type=04
src/mibservice.c:91:snmpget(): packet->value_length=56
src/mibservice.c:93:snmpget(): packet->value_value=61
...
src/mibservice.c:93:snmpget(): packet->value_value=73
src/mibservice.c:95:snmpget(): Before packet->length=41
src/mibservice.c:97:snmpget(): After packet->length=127
src/mibservice.c:99:snmpget(): Before packet->pdu_length=28
src/mibservice.c:101:snmpget(): After packet->pdu_length=114
src/mibservice.c:103:snmpget(): Before packet->variablebindings_length=14
src/mibservice.c:105:snmpget(): After packet->variablebindings_length=100
src/mibservice.c:107:snmpget(): Before packet->varbind_length=12
src/mibservice.c:109:snmpget(): After packet->varbind_length=98
src/agent.c:96:create_response(): Output length=129
输出字符串长度87
src/agent.c:69:parse_request(): Input length=43
src/agent.c:116:perform_snmp_request(): OID is: 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1.0
String length: 87
src/mibservice.c:90:snmpget(): packet->value_type=04
src/mibservice.c:91:snmpget(): packet->value_length=57
src/mibservice.c:93:snmpget(): packet->value_value=61
...
src/mibservice.c:93:snmpget(): packet->value_value=64
src/mibservice.c:95:snmpget(): Before packet->length=41
src/mibservice.c:97:snmpget(): After packet->length=128
src/mibservice.c:99:snmpget(): Before packet->pdu_length=28
src/mibservice.c:101:snmpget(): After packet->pdu_length=115
src/mibservice.c:103:snmpget(): Before packet->variablebindings_length=14
src/mibservice.c:105:snmpget(): After packet->variablebindings_length=101
src/mibservice.c:107:snmpget(): Before packet->varbind_length=12
src/mibservice.c:109:snmpget(): After packet->varbind_length=99
src/agent.c:96:create_response(): Output length=130
更新
这是一个关于我的问题的可运行示例。数据包 out_buf_0 表示有效的 SNMP 数据包，可以通过 UDP 发送。数据包 out_buf_1 是与 out_buf_0 相同的数据包，但在末尾多了一个字符 0x64。此外，由于附加字符，我提高了所有长度 + 1。为什么 out_buf_1 不是有效的 SNMP packet/why 它不能通过 UDP 发送吗？注意：SNMP 请求无法在终端中显示，因为来自客户端的 request id 与 out_buf_0 和 out_buf_1 不同，请在 wireshark 中查看 request/response.
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#define MESSAGE_MAX_LEN 1500 /* MTU, IEEE Std 802.3TM-2015 */
#define PORT 161 /* RFC 1157 */
int out_buf_0_len = 129; /* 0x7f + 2 */
char out_buf_0[] = {
0x30, /* SNMP Packet start */
0x7f, /* SNMP Packet length */
0x02, 0x01, 0x00, /* Version */
0x04, 0x06, 0x70, 0x75, 0x62, 0x6c, 0x69, 0x63, /* Community*/
0xa2, /* GetResponsePDU */
0x72, /* GetResponsePDU Length */
0x02, 0x04, 0x2c, 0x80, 0x7e, 0x2f, /* Request id */
0x02, 0x01, 0x00, /*Error status */
0x02, 0x01, 0x00, /*Error index */
0x30, /* Varbind list start */
0x64, /* Varbind list length*/
0x30, /* Varbind value start */
0x62, /* Varbind value length */
0x06, 0x08, 0x2b, 0x06, 0x01, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, /* OID */
0x04, /* Value start, type octet-string*/
0x56, /* Value length */
0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, /* Value */
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73 };
int out_buf_1_len = 130; /* 0x80 + 2 */
char out_buf_1[] = {
0x30, /* SNMP Packet start */
0x80, /* SNMP Packet length */
0x02, 0x01, 0x00, /* Version */
0x04, 0x06, 0x70, 0x75, 0x62, 0x6c, 0x69, 0x63, /* Community*/
0xa2, /* GetResponsePDU */
0x73, /* GetResponsePDU Length */
0x02, 0x04, 0x2c, 0x80, 0x7e, 0x2f, /* Request id */
0x02, 0x01, 0x00, /*Error status */
0x02, 0x01, 0x00, /*Error index */
0x30, /* Varbind list start */
0x65, /* Varbind list length*/
0x30, /* Varbind value start */
0x63, /* Varbind value length */
0x06, 0x08, 0x2b, 0x06, 0x01, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, /* OID */
0x04, /* Value start, type octet-string*/
0x57, /* Value length */
0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, /* Value */
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64 };
int my_socket;
struct sockaddr_in remote_addr;
int socket_create()
{
printf("Create socket\n");
struct sockaddr_in socket_addr;
if ((my_socket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0)
{
printf("Cannot create socket. Exit.\n");
return -1;
}
memset((char *)&socket_addr, 0, sizeof(socket_addr));
socket_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
socket_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
socket_addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);
if (bind(my_socket, (struct sockaddr *)&socket_addr, sizeof(socket_addr)) < 0)
{
printf("Bind failed. Exit.\n");
return - 1;
}
printf("Listen on: %s:%d\n", inet_ntoa(socket_addr.sin_addr), PORT);
return 0;
}
socklen_t addr_len = sizeof(remote_addr);
void socket_listen(char *in_buf)
{
int recv_len; /* Bytes received */
int nbyt; /* Bytes count */
char *out_buf[MESSAGE_MAX_LEN];
int out_len = 0;
for (;;) { /* Receive snmp message from snmp manager */
recv_len = recvfrom(my_socket, in_buf, MESSAGE_MAX_LEN, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&remote_addr, &addr_len);
if (recv_len > 0)
if (sendto(my_socket, out_buf_1, out_buf_1_len, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&remote_addr, addr_len) < 0)
printf("Cannot send data to destination.\n");
}
}
/* Disable SNMP on local machine. # systemctl stop snmpd
* Execute main(): gcc <filename>.c && ./a.out
* Run SNMP Request: $ snmpget -v 1 -c public 0.0.0.0:161 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1.0
*/
char in_buf[MESSAGE_MAX_LEN];
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
if (socket_create() == -1)
exit(2);
socket_listen(in_buf);
}
包括我的 SNMPv1 数据包在内的整个帧长度 out_buf_0 是 1368 位，out_buf_1 应该是 1376 位。
正如有人在评论中指出的那样，strcpy 是邪恶的，不应该用于任何事情。您的 malloc 实际上分配了一个比原始数组小的数组，因为您没有考虑尾随的 null。当您使用 strcpy 时，您在分配的数组末尾写了尾随的空值。
由于您没有包含与数据包结构相关的代码，我不知道它是如何使用的，但是如果在此之后的任何代码需要 C 空终止字符串，它可能无法按预期工作。
SNMP包长度0x80错误，见
The ASN.1 length field of 0x80 is wrong. The decoder sees the first two octets of your packet are 0x30 0x80 and determines from that 0x80 that there should be no more octets following. And yet there are more octets, so it is an invalid encoding and further not a valid SNMP message. The 0x80 here does not mean 128 octets for content as you intend, it means your length field is 0x80 & ~0x80 == 0 octets long following this octet. Instead, 0x81 would mean your length field is 0x81 & ~0x80 == 1 following octets, and that following 0x80 octet would indicate a content length of 128.
这就是 SNMP 数据包的样子，
char out_buf_1[] = {
0x30, /* SNMP Packet start */
0x81, 0x80, /* SNMP Packet length */
0x02, 0x01, 0x00, /* Version */
0x04, 0x06, 0x70, 0x75, 0x62, 0x6c, 0x69, 0x63, /* Community*/
0xa2, /* GetResponsePDU */
0x73, /* GetResponsePDU Length */
0x02, 0x04, 0x2c, 0x80, 0x7e, 0x2f, /* Request id */
0x02, 0x01, 0x00, /*Error status */
0x02, 0x01, 0x00, /*Error index */
0x30, /* Varbind list start */
0x65, /* Varbind list length*/
0x30, /* Varbind value start */
0x63, /* Varbind value length */
0x06, 0x08, 0x2b, 0x06, 0x01, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, /* OID */
0x04, /* Value start, type octet-string*/
0x57, /* Value length */
0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, /* Value */
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64 };