为什么 Google Gson.toJson 丢失数据

Why Google Gson.toJson loses data

我有五个 classes:

Comment,Paper,WoundPaper,Document,WoundDoc.

Comment 是文本容器。
Paper 空洞而抽象 class.
WoundPaper 扩展 Paper 并存储 Comments.
的字符串和数组列表 Document是抽象的class,存放<? extends Paper>.
的ArrayList WoundDoc 扩展 Document.

您可以在下面看到那些 class:

评论class:

public class Comment {

    private final String text;

    public static class Builder {
        private final String text;

        public Builder(String text) {
            this.text = text;
        }

        public Comment build(){
            return new Comment(this);
        }

    }

    private Comment(Builder builder) {
        this.text = builder.text;
    }

    public String getText() {
        return text;
    }

}

论文class:

public abstract class Paper {

    protected Paper(ArrayList<Comment> commentList) {
    }

}

伤口纸class:

public class WoundPaper extends Paper {

    private final String imageUri;
    private final ArrayList<Comment> commentList;

    public static class Builder {
        private final String imageUri;
        private final ArrayList<Comment> commentList;

        public Builder(String imageUri, ArrayList<Comment> commentList) {
            this.imageUri = imageUri;
            this.commentList = commentList;
        }

        public WoundPaper build() {
            return new WoundPaper(this);
        }

    }

    private WoundPaper(Builder builder) {
        super(builder.commentList);
        this.imageUri = builder.imageUri;
        this.commentList = builder.commentList;
    }

}

文档class:

public abstract class Document {
    private final ArrayList<? extends Paper> paperList;


    protected Document(ArrayList<? extends Paper> paperList) {
        this.paperList = paperList;
    }

}

WoundDoc class:

public class WoundDoc extends Document {

    public static class Builder {
        private final ArrayList<WoundPaper> paperList;

        public Builder(ArrayList<WoundPaper> paperList) {
            this.paperList = paperList;
        }

        public WoundDoc build() {
            return new WoundDoc(this);
        }

    }

    private WoundDoc(Builder builder) {
        super(builder.paperList);
    }

}

现在我必须创建一个 WoundDoc 实例并将其转换为 JSON 字符串 Gson.This 是一个示例代码:

        Comment comment = new Comment.Builder("comment").build();
        ArrayList<Comment> commentList = new ArrayList<Comment>();
        commentList.add(comment);
        commentList.add(comment);

        WoundPaper woundPaper = new WoundPaper.Builder("some Uri", commentList).build();
        ArrayList<WoundPaper> woundPaperList = new ArrayList<WoundPaper>();
        woundPaperList.add(woundPaper);
        woundPaperList.add(woundPaper);

        WoundDoc woundDoc = new WoundDoc.Builder(woundPaperList).build();

        System.out.println("woundDoc to JSON >> " + gson.toJson(woundDoc));

但是输出很奇怪:

woundDoc to JSON >> {"paperList":[{},{}]}

正如我之前显示的那样,WoundDoc 存储了 WoundPaper 的列表,每个 WoundPaper 存储了 comments.But 的列表,为什么没有 [=36] =] 在输出中?

当 gson 去序列化 WoundDoc 时,它可以告诉我们有一个 List 的两个对象类型扩展 Paper (List<? extends Paper>) ;具体类型未知。由于 Paper 没有可供 gson 使用的字段,它只能说该列表中有两个条目,但由于它们是类型 Paper,没有字段,因此无法工作了解如何序列化这些对象。

解决这个问题的一种方法是将类型从您的实现传递给抽象 classes,这样当 gson 检查它们时,它可以看到它遇到的对象 class 是哪个对象的实例,并且所以弄清楚如何序列化它们。

更新文档以获取类型参数:

public abstract class Document<T extends Paper> {
    private final ArrayList<T> paperList;


    protected Document(ArrayList<T> paperList) {
        this.paperList = paperList;
    }
}

更新 WoundDoc 以将类型传递给文档:

public class WoundDoc extends Document<WoundPaper> {

如果您无法进行上述更改,另一种解决方法是为 WoundDoc

编写自定义序列化程序

我个人会使用第一个解决方案并传递类型,因为我很懒,而且编写自定义序列化程序更费力

edit: Minor 对 jackson 大喊大叫,如果您尝试序列化某些内容但它无法弄清楚如何去做,这将引发异常。