Spring WebFlux,如何调试我的 WebClient POST 交换?

Spring WebFlux, how can I debug my WebClient POST exchange?

我无法理解我在构建 WebClient 请求时做错了什么。我想了解实际的 HTTP 请求是什么样的。 (例如,将原始请求转储到控制台)

POST /rest/json/send HTTP/1.1
Host: emailapi.dynect.net
Cache-Control: no-cache
Postman-Token: 93e70432-2566-7627-6e08-e2bcf8d1ffcd
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded

apikey=ABC123XYZ&from=example%40example.com&to=customer1%40domain.com&to=customer2%40domain.com&to=customer3%40domain.com&subject=New+Sale+Coming+Friday&bodytext=You+will+love+this+sale.

我正在使用 Spring5 的响应式工具构建一个 API。我有一个实用程序 class,它将使用 Dyn 的电子邮件 api 发送电子邮件。我想使用新的 WebClient class 来完成这个 (org.springframework.web.reactive.function.client.WebClient)

以下命令取自:https://help.dyn.com/email-rest-methods-api/sending-api/#postsend

curl --request POST "https://emailapi.dynect.net/rest/json/send" --data "apikey=ABC123XYZ&from=example@example.com&to=customer1@domain.com&to=customer2@domain.com&to=customer3@domain.com&subject=New Sale Coming Friday&bodytext=You will love this sale."

当我在 curl 中使用真实值进行调用时,电子邮件发送正确,所以我觉得我生成的请求不正确。

我的发送命令

public Mono<String> send( DynEmailOptions options )
{
    WebClient webClient = WebClient.create();
    HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
    // this line causes unsupported content type exception :(
    // headers.setContentType( MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED );
    Mono<String> result = webClient.post()
        .uri( "https://emailapi.dynect.net/rest/json/send" )
        .headers( headers )
        .accept( MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON )
        .body( BodyInserters.fromObject( options ) )
        .exchange()
        .flatMap( clientResponse -> clientResponse.bodyToMono( String.class ) );
    return result;
}

我的 DynEmailOptions Class

import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Set;

public class DynEmailOptions
{
    public String getApikey()
    {
        return apiKey_;
    }

    public Set<String> getTo()
    {
        return Collections.unmodifiableSet( to_ );
    }

    public String getFrom()
    {
        return from_;
    }

    public String getSubject()
    {
        return subject_;
    }

    public String getBodytext()
    {
        return bodytext_;
    }

    protected DynEmailOptions(
        String apiKey,
        Set<String> to,
        String from,
        String subject,
        String bodytext
    )
    {
        apiKey_ = apiKey;
        to_ = to;
        from_ = from;
        subject_ = subject;
        bodytext_ = bodytext;
    }

    private Set<String> to_;
    private String from_;
    private String subject_;
    private String bodytext_;
    private String apiKey_;
}

您目前正在尝试序列化请求正文 "as is",但没有使用正确的 BodyInserter

在这种情况下,我认为您应该将 DynEmailOptions 对象变成 MultiValueMap<String, String>,然后:

MultiValueMap<String, String> formData = ...
Mono<String> result = webClient.post()
                .uri( "https://emailapi.dynect.net/rest/json/send" )
                .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_FORM_URLENCODED)
                .accept( MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON )
                .body( BodyInserters.fromFormData(formData))
                .retrieve().bodyToMono(String.class);

问题是关于调试 WebClient POST。我在 callicoder.com.

中找到了很大的帮助

关键是在WebClient中添加一个过滤器。过滤器允许轻松访问请求和响应。对于请求和响应,您可以访问方法、URL、headers 和其他内容。但是,您无法访问 body。我希望我是错的,但实际上,只有一个 body() 方法来设置 body。

这里不得不吐槽一下WebClient的怪异行为POST。有时,它不会立即获得 4XX 响应,而是永远阻塞。有时,它会给出 501 响应。我的建议是尝试使用 LinkedMultiValueMap 来携带 body,避免使用纯字符串或 java.util.Map。

这是我的示例代码,以 GitHub V3 API 为例:

@Bean
public WebClient client() {
    return WebClient.builder()
        .baseUrl("https://api.github.com")
        .defaultHeader("User-Agent", "Spring-boot WebClient")
        .filter(ExchangeFilterFunctions.basicAuthentication("YOUR_GITHUB_USERNAME", "YOUR_GITHUB_TOKEN"))
        .filter(printlnFilter).build();
}
ExchangeFilterFunction printlnFilter= new ExchangeFilterFunction() {
    @Override
    public Mono<ClientResponse> filter(ClientRequest request, ExchangeFunction next) {
        System.out.println("\n\n" + request.method().toString().toUpperCase() + ":\n\nURL:"
                + request.url().toString() + ":\n\nHeaders:" + request.headers().toString() + "\n\nAttributes:"
                + request.attributes() + "\n\n");

        return next.exchange(request);
    }
};
//In some method:
String returnedJSON = client.post().uri(builder->builder.path("/user/repos").build())
                .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
                .syncBody(new LinkedMultiValueMap<String, String>(){{
                    put("name", "tett");
                }})
                .retrieve()
                .bodyToMono(String.class)
                .block(Duration.ofSeconds(3))

您会看到如下内容:

2018-04-07 12:15:57.823  INFO 15448 --- [           main] o.s.b.web.embedded.netty.NettyWebServer  : Netty started on port(s): 8084
2018-04-07 12:15:57.828  INFO 15448 --- [           main] c.e.w.WebclientDemoApplication           : Started WebclientDemoApplication in 3.892 seconds (JVM running for 8.426)


POST:

URL:https://api.github.com/user/repos:

Headers:{Content-Type=[application/json], User-Agent=[Spring-boot WebClient], Authorization=[Basic XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX]}

Attributes:{}

有两点需要注意: 1.过滤器的顺序很重要。交换这 2 个过滤器,身份验证 header 将不包括在内。
2. 过滤器实际上适用于通过此 WebClient 实例的所有请求。

https://www.callicoder.com/spring-5-reactive-webclient-webtestclient-examples/ 很有帮助,也许您应该阅读并下载他的示例代码。