Python 线程捕获异常并退出

Question

我是 Python 开发的新手，正在尝试弄清楚如何在线程中捕获 ConnectionError，然后退出。目前我有它，所以它可以捕获一般异常，但我想为不同的异常指定不同的异常处理，并在某些类型的异常上停止应用程序。

我目前正在使用线程，但我开始怀疑我是否应该改用多线程？

这是代码的副本：

import threading
import sys
from integration import rabbitMq
from integration import bigchain


def do_something_with_exception():
    exc_type, exc_value = sys.exc_info()[:2]
    print('Handling %s exception with message "%s" in %s' % \
          (exc_type.__name__, exc_value, threading.current_thread().name))


class ConsumerThread(threading.Thread):
    def __init__(self, queue, *args, **kwargs):
        super(ConsumerThread, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)

        self._queue = queue

    def run(self):
        bigchaindb = bigchain.BigChain()
        bdb = bigchaindb.connect('localhost', 3277)
        keys = bigchaindb.loadkeys()

        rabbit = rabbitMq.RabbitMq(self._queue, bdb, keys)
        channel = rabbit.connect()

        while True:
            try:
                rabbit.consume(channel)
                # raise RuntimeError('This is the error message')
            except:
                do_something_with_exception()
                break

if __name__ == "__main__":
    threads = [ConsumerThread("sms"), ConsumerThread("contract")]
    for thread in threads:
        thread.daemon = True
        thread.start()
    for thread in threads:
        thread.join()

    exit(1)

Answer 1

Python 有 Built-in Exceptions。阅读每个异常描述以了解您想要引发哪种特定类型的异常。

例如：

raise ValueError('A very specific thing you don't want happened')

像这样使用它：

try:
    #some code that may raise ValueError
except ValueError as err:
    print(err.args)

这里是 Python 异常层次结构的列表：

 BaseException
... Exception
...... StandardError
......... TypeError
......... ImportError
............ ZipImportError
......... EnvironmentError
............ IOError
............... ItimerError
............ OSError
......... EOFError
......... RuntimeError
............ NotImplementedError
......... NameError
............ UnboundLocalError
......... AttributeError
......... SyntaxError
............ IndentationError
............... TabError
......... LookupError
............ IndexError
............ KeyError
............ CodecRegistryError
......... ValueError
............ UnicodeError
............... UnicodeEncodeError
............... UnicodeDecodeError
............... UnicodeTranslateError
......... AssertionError
......... ArithmeticError
............ FloatingPointError
............ OverflowError
............ ZeroDivisionError
......... SystemError
............ CodecRegistryError
......... ReferenceError
......... MemoryError
......... BufferError
...... StopIteration
...... Warning
......... UserWarning
......... DeprecationWarning
......... PendingDeprecationWarning
......... SyntaxWarning
......... RuntimeWarning
......... FutureWarning
......... ImportWarning
......... UnicodeWarning
......... BytesWarning
...... _OptionError
... GeneratorExit
... SystemExit
... KeyboardInterrupt

注意：SystemExit是一种特殊类型的异常。当引发 Python 解释器退出时；没有打印堆栈回溯。如果您不指定异常状态，它将 return 0.

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