如何在 Django 序列化器中只显示值?

How to display only values in Django Serializers?

我正在使用 'rest_serializer' 模块实现 Django REST API 框架:

当前输出为:

{
    "count": 86,
    "next": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/state/?page=2",
    "previous": null,
    "results": [
        {
            "state_name": "Alaska"
        },
        {
            "state_name": "California"
        },
        ...
     ]
}

如何将其显示为 json 列表:

[
     "Alaska",
     "California",
     ...
]

下面是我的序列化程序:

from .models import States
from rest_framework import serializers


class StateSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = State
        fields = ('state_name',)

view.py

class StateViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    """
    API endpoint that allows groups to be viewed or edited.
    """
    queryset = States.objects.values('state_name').distinct();
    serializer_class = StateSerializer

您可以覆盖 list 方法,由 listmodelmixin:

提供
from rest_framework.response import Response

class StateViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    """
    API endpoint that allows groups to be viewed or edited.
    """
    queryset = States.objects.values('state_name').distinct();
    serializer_class = StateSerializer

    def list(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        queryset = self.filter_queryset(self.get_queryset())
        return Response(queryset.values_list('state_name', flat=True))

这是我要做的:因为你想要一个自定义的状态序列化表单,我会实现一个自定义序列化程序:

class RawStateSerializer(serializers.BaseSerializer):
    def to_representation(self, obj):
        return obj.state_name

之后就可以正常阅读了:

class StateViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = States.objects.values('state_name').distinct();
    serializer_class = RawStateSerializer

注意它只支持读取(它将 return 只是一个字符串用于单个 GET 和一个字符串列表用于列表 GET)。如果您还需要写入支持,则需要重写 .to_internal_value() 方法。

最后,如果您只需要用于列表组的特殊序列化程序,但其他操作需要常规序列化程序,您可以按照以下方式进行操作(基于我的 ):

class StateViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = States.objects.values('state_name').distinct();

    def get_serializer_class(self):
        if self.action == 'list':
            return RawStateSerializer
        return StateSerializer