URL 中的 Django (?P<pk>\d+) 部分工作
Django (?P<pk>\d+) in URL's partly working
我将此作为我的 用户应用 urls.py:
from django.conf.urls import url
from users import views
app_name = 'users'
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^$',views.UserListView.as_view(),name='user_list'),
url(r'^(?P<pk>\d+)/$',views.UserProfileView.as_view(),name='user_profile'),
url(r'^(?P<pk>\d+)/edit$',views.UserEditProfileView.as_view(),name='user-profile-edit'),
url(r'^login/$',views.user_login,name='user_login'),
url(r'^logout/$',views.user_logout,name='user_logout'),
url(r'^register/$',views.register,name='register'),
]
这个url模式url(r'^(?P<pk>\d+)/$',views.UserProfileView.as_view(),name='user_profile'),
适用于此 url http://127.0.0.1:8000/user/1/
但是当我创建一个新用户（用户 2）并登录时，当我点击与该模式相匹配的按钮时，我得到一个 page not found (404)
这不是错误，但它告诉我的是这样的：
Page not found (404)
Request Method: GET
Request URL: http://127.0.0.1:8000/user/3/
Raised by: users.views.UserProfileView
No user profile info found matching the query
You're seeing this error because you have DEBUG = True in your Django settings file. Change that to False, and Django will display a standard 404 page.
所以基本上，pk 3 用户的个人资料位于 http://127.0.0.1:8000/user/2/ 而不是 http://127.0.0.1:8000/user/3/（或者反过来，不太确定）。
还有我的项目urls:
from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from django.conf.urls import include
from users import views
from feed import views
from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls.static import static
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
url(r'^$',views.HomeView.as_view(),name='index'),
url(r'^user/',include('users.urls',namespace='users')),
url(r'^feed/',include('feed.urls',namespace='feed')),
]
if settings.DEBUG:
urlpatterns += static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)
用户应用 views.py:
from django.shortcuts import render,get_object_or_404
from users.forms import UserForm,UserProfileForm
from users.models import UserProfileInfo
from feed.models import UserPost
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.contrib.auth import authenticate,login,logout
from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect, HttpResponse
from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
from django.contrib.auth.mixins import LoginRequiredMixin
from django.views.generic import (TemplateView,ListView,
DetailView,CreateView,
UpdateView,DeleteView)
# Create your views here.
def user_login(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
username = request.POST.get('username')
password = request.POST.get('password')
user = authenticate(username=username,password=password)
if user:
if user.is_active:
login(request,user)
return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('index'))
else:
return HttpResponse("Account now active")
else:
print("Login Unsuccessful")
return HttpResponse("Username and/or password are not correct")
else:
return render(request,'login.html',{})
def register(request):
registered = False
if request.method == 'POST':
user_form = UserForm(data=request.POST)
profile_form = UserProfileForm(data=request.POST)
if user_form.is_valid() and profile_form.is_valid():
user = user_form.save()
user.set_password(user.password)
user.save()
profile = profile_form.save(commit=False)
profile.user = user
if 'profile_pic' in request.FILES:
profile.profile_pic = request.FILES['profile_pic']
profile.save()
registered = True
else:
print(user_form.errors,profile_form.errors)
else:
user_form = UserForm()
profile_form = UserProfileForm()
return render(request,'register.html',{
'user_form':user_form,
'profile_form':profile_form,
'registered':registered
})
@login_required
def user_logout(request):
logout(request)
return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('index'))
class UserListView(ListView):
model = UserProfileInfo
ordering = ['-join_date']
def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
context = super(UserListView, self).get_context_data(**kwargs)
context['user_list'] = User.objects.all()
return context
class UserProfileView(DetailView):
model = UserProfileInfo
template = 'users/userprofile.html'
def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
context = super(UserProfileView, self).get_context_data(**kwargs)
context['user_post'] = UserPost.objects.all()
return context
class UserEditProfileView(LoginRequiredMixin,UpdateView):
login_url = '/login/'
redirect_field_name = '/users_detail.html'
form_class = UserProfileForm
model = UserProfileInfo
用户应用 models.py:
from django.db import models
from django.utils import timezone
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from users.choices import *
# Create your models here.
class UserProfileInfo(models.Model):
user = models.OneToOneField(User)
first_name = models.CharField(max_length=50,default='User')
join_date = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now)
profile_pic = models.ImageField(upload_to='profile_pics',blank=True)
location = models.CharField(max_length=150)
title = models.CharField(max_length=250)
user_type = models.IntegerField(choices=USER_TYPE_CHOICES,default=1)
website = models.URLField(max_length=100,blank=True)
about = models.TextField(max_length=500,default='about')
twitter = models.CharField(max_length=50,blank=True)
dribbble = models.CharField(max_length=50,blank=True)
github = models.CharField(max_length=50,blank=True)
def __str__(self):
return self.user.username
更新：
新用户应用models.py：
class UserProfile(models.Model):
user = models.OneToOneField(User)
first_name = models.CharField(max_length=50,default='User')
join_date = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now)
profile_pic = models.ImageField(upload_to='profile_pics',blank=True)
location = models.CharField(max_length=150)
title = models.CharField(max_length=250)
user_type = models.IntegerField(choices=USER_TYPE_CHOICES,default=1)
website = models.URLField(max_length=100,blank=True)
about = models.TextField(max_length=500,default='about')
twitter = models.CharField(max_length=50,blank=True)
dribbble = models.CharField(max_length=50,blank=True)
github = models.CharField(max_length=50,blank=True)
@receiver(post_save, sender=User)
def create_user_profile(sender, instance, created, **kwargs):
if created:
UserProfile.objects.create(user=instance)
@receiver(post_save, sender=User)
def save_user_profile(sender, instance, **kwargs):
instance.userprofile.save()
def __str__(self):
return self.user.username
新错误：
IntegrityError at /user/register/
UNIQUE constraint failed: users_userprofile.user_id
错误回溯：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/anaconda/envs/test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 65, in execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/anaconda/envs/test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/sqlite3/base.py", line 328, in execute
return Database.Cursor.execute(self, query, params)
sqlite3.IntegrityError: UNIQUE constraint failed: users_userprofile.user_id
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/anaconda/envs/test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 41, in inner
response = get_response(request)
File "/anaconda/envs/test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 187, in _get_response
response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e, request)
File "/anaconda/envs/test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 185, in _get_response
response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
File "/Users/garrettlove/Desktop/evverest/users/views.py", line 58, in register
profile.save()
File "/anaconda/envs/test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 807, in save
force_update=force_update, update_fields=update_fields)
File "/anaconda/envs/test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 837, in save_base
updated = self._save_table(raw, cls, force_insert, force_update, using, update_fields)
File "/anaconda/envs/test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 923, in _save_table
result = self._do_insert(cls._base_manager, using, fields, update_pk, raw)
File "/anaconda/envs/test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 962, in _do_insert
using=using, raw=raw)
File "/anaconda/envs/test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/manager.py", line 85, in manager_method
return getattr(self.get_queryset(), name)(*args, **kwargs)
File "/anaconda/envs/test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 1076, in _insert
return query.get_compiler(using=using).execute_sql(return_id)
File "/anaconda/envs/test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 1099, in execute_sql
cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/anaconda/envs/test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 80, in execute
return super(CursorDebugWrapper, self).execute(sql, params)
File "/anaconda/envs/test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 65, in execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/anaconda/envs/test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 94, in __exit__
six.reraise(dj_exc_type, dj_exc_value, traceback)
File "/anaconda/envs/test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/utils/six.py", line 685, in reraise
raise value.with_traceback(tb)
File "/anaconda/envs/test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 65, in execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/anaconda/envs/test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/sqlite3/base.py", line 328, in execute
return Database.Cursor.execute(self, query, params)
django.db.utils.IntegrityError: UNIQUE constraint failed: users_userprofile.user_id
url 不应该是：
url(r'^user/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', views.UserProfileView.as_view(), name='user_profile'),
你的urls.py错了。每当你调用 http://127.0.0.1:8000/user/3/ 时，它都会调用视图 users.views.UserProfileView，而这个 UserProfileView 没有得到任何你需要传入 urls.py.[= 的 userID 17=]
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
url(r'^$',views.HomeView.as_view(),name='index'),
url(r'^user/(?P<pk>\d+)/',include('users.urls',namespace='users')),
url(r'^feed/',include('feed.urls',namespace='feed')),
]
你所做的一切都是正确的。但是 错误是不言自明的 。您的 UserProfileInfo 与 User 模型 一对一 相关。所以一旦你创建了一个新用户。将创建一个新的 userprofileinfo，但不会自动创建。因此它给出了错误。
You need to send a signal to create a new userprofileinfo whenever a new user is created.
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.db.models.signals import post_save
from django.dispatch import receiver
class UserProfile(models.Model):
user = models.OneToOneField(User)
first_name = models.CharField(max_length=50,default='User')
. . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . .
def __str__(self):
return self.user.username
@receiver(post_save, sender=User)
def create_user_profile(sender, instance, created, **kwargs):
if created:
UserProfile.objects.create(user=instance)
@receiver(post_save, sender=User)
def save_user_profile(sender, instance, **kwargs):
instance.userprofile.save()
最后，我更改了型号名称，因此请相应更改。现在，它将完美运行。
我将此作为我的 用户应用 urls.py:
from django.conf.urls import url
from users import views
app_name = 'users'
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^$',views.UserListView.as_view(),name='user_list'),
url(r'^(?P<pk>\d+)/$',views.UserProfileView.as_view(),name='user_profile'),
url(r'^(?P<pk>\d+)/edit$',views.UserEditProfileView.as_view(),name='user-profile-edit'),
url(r'^login/$',views.user_login,name='user_login'),
url(r'^logout/$',views.user_logout,name='user_logout'),
url(r'^register/$',views.register,name='register'),
]
这个url模式url(r'^(?P<pk>\d+)/$',views.UserProfileView.as_view(),name='user_profile'),
适用于此 url http://127.0.0.1:8000/user/1/
但是当我创建一个新用户（用户 2）并登录时，当我点击与该模式相匹配的按钮时，我得到一个 page not found (404)
这不是错误，但它告诉我的是这样的：
Page not found (404)
Request Method: GET
Request URL: http://127.0.0.1:8000/user/3/
Raised by: users.views.UserProfileView
No user profile info found matching the query
You're seeing this error because you have DEBUG = True in your Django settings file. Change that to False, and Django will display a standard 404 page.
所以基本上，pk 3 用户的个人资料位于 http://127.0.0.1:8000/user/2/ 而不是 http://127.0.0.1:8000/user/3/（或者反过来，不太确定）。
还有我的项目urls:
from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from django.conf.urls import include
from users import views
from feed import views
from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls.static import static
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
url(r'^$',views.HomeView.as_view(),name='index'),
url(r'^user/',include('users.urls',namespace='users')),
url(r'^feed/',include('feed.urls',namespace='feed')),
]
if settings.DEBUG:
urlpatterns += static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)
用户应用 views.py:
from django.shortcuts import render,get_object_or_404
from users.forms import UserForm,UserProfileForm
from users.models import UserProfileInfo
from feed.models import UserPost
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.contrib.auth import authenticate,login,logout
from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect, HttpResponse
from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
from django.contrib.auth.mixins import LoginRequiredMixin
from django.views.generic import (TemplateView,ListView,
DetailView,CreateView,
UpdateView,DeleteView)
# Create your views here.
def user_login(request):
if request.method == 'POST':
username = request.POST.get('username')
password = request.POST.get('password')
user = authenticate(username=username,password=password)
if user:
if user.is_active:
login(request,user)
return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('index'))
else:
return HttpResponse("Account now active")
else:
print("Login Unsuccessful")
return HttpResponse("Username and/or password are not correct")
else:
return render(request,'login.html',{})
def register(request):
registered = False
if request.method == 'POST':
user_form = UserForm(data=request.POST)
profile_form = UserProfileForm(data=request.POST)
if user_form.is_valid() and profile_form.is_valid():
user = user_form.save()
user.set_password(user.password)
user.save()
profile = profile_form.save(commit=False)
profile.user = user
if 'profile_pic' in request.FILES:
profile.profile_pic = request.FILES['profile_pic']
profile.save()
registered = True
else:
print(user_form.errors,profile_form.errors)
else:
user_form = UserForm()
profile_form = UserProfileForm()
return render(request,'register.html',{
'user_form':user_form,
'profile_form':profile_form,
'registered':registered
})
@login_required
def user_logout(request):
logout(request)
return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('index'))
class UserListView(ListView):
model = UserProfileInfo
ordering = ['-join_date']
def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
context = super(UserListView, self).get_context_data(**kwargs)
context['user_list'] = User.objects.all()
return context
class UserProfileView(DetailView):
model = UserProfileInfo
template = 'users/userprofile.html'
def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
context = super(UserProfileView, self).get_context_data(**kwargs)
context['user_post'] = UserPost.objects.all()
return context
class UserEditProfileView(LoginRequiredMixin,UpdateView):
login_url = '/login/'
redirect_field_name = '/users_detail.html'
form_class = UserProfileForm
model = UserProfileInfo
用户应用 models.py:
from django.db import models
from django.utils import timezone
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from users.choices import *
# Create your models here.
class UserProfileInfo(models.Model):
user = models.OneToOneField(User)
first_name = models.CharField(max_length=50,default='User')
join_date = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now)
profile_pic = models.ImageField(upload_to='profile_pics',blank=True)
location = models.CharField(max_length=150)
title = models.CharField(max_length=250)
user_type = models.IntegerField(choices=USER_TYPE_CHOICES,default=1)
website = models.URLField(max_length=100,blank=True)
about = models.TextField(max_length=500,default='about')
twitter = models.CharField(max_length=50,blank=True)
dribbble = models.CharField(max_length=50,blank=True)
github = models.CharField(max_length=50,blank=True)
def __str__(self):
return self.user.username
更新：
新用户应用models.py：
class UserProfile(models.Model):
user = models.OneToOneField(User)
first_name = models.CharField(max_length=50,default='User')
join_date = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now)
profile_pic = models.ImageField(upload_to='profile_pics',blank=True)
location = models.CharField(max_length=150)
title = models.CharField(max_length=250)
user_type = models.IntegerField(choices=USER_TYPE_CHOICES,default=1)
website = models.URLField(max_length=100,blank=True)
about = models.TextField(max_length=500,default='about')
twitter = models.CharField(max_length=50,blank=True)
dribbble = models.CharField(max_length=50,blank=True)
github = models.CharField(max_length=50,blank=True)
@receiver(post_save, sender=User)
def create_user_profile(sender, instance, created, **kwargs):
if created:
UserProfile.objects.create(user=instance)
@receiver(post_save, sender=User)
def save_user_profile(sender, instance, **kwargs):
instance.userprofile.save()
def __str__(self):
return self.user.username
新错误：
IntegrityError at /user/register/
UNIQUE constraint failed: users_userprofile.user_id
错误回溯：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/anaconda/envs/test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 65, in execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/anaconda/envs/test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/sqlite3/base.py", line 328, in execute
return Database.Cursor.execute(self, query, params)
sqlite3.IntegrityError: UNIQUE constraint failed: users_userprofile.user_id
The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/anaconda/envs/test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/exception.py", line 41, in inner
response = get_response(request)
File "/anaconda/envs/test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 187, in _get_response
response = self.process_exception_by_middleware(e, request)
File "/anaconda/envs/test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 185, in _get_response
response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
File "/Users/garrettlove/Desktop/evverest/users/views.py", line 58, in register
profile.save()
File "/anaconda/envs/test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 807, in save
force_update=force_update, update_fields=update_fields)
File "/anaconda/envs/test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 837, in save_base
updated = self._save_table(raw, cls, force_insert, force_update, using, update_fields)
File "/anaconda/envs/test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 923, in _save_table
result = self._do_insert(cls._base_manager, using, fields, update_pk, raw)
File "/anaconda/envs/test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 962, in _do_insert
using=using, raw=raw)
File "/anaconda/envs/test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/manager.py", line 85, in manager_method
return getattr(self.get_queryset(), name)(*args, **kwargs)
File "/anaconda/envs/test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 1076, in _insert
return query.get_compiler(using=using).execute_sql(return_id)
File "/anaconda/envs/test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 1099, in execute_sql
cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/anaconda/envs/test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 80, in execute
return super(CursorDebugWrapper, self).execute(sql, params)
File "/anaconda/envs/test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 65, in execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/anaconda/envs/test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 94, in __exit__
six.reraise(dj_exc_type, dj_exc_value, traceback)
File "/anaconda/envs/test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/utils/six.py", line 685, in reraise
raise value.with_traceback(tb)
File "/anaconda/envs/test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 65, in execute
return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
File "/anaconda/envs/test/lib/python3.6/site-packages/django/db/backends/sqlite3/base.py", line 328, in execute
return Database.Cursor.execute(self, query, params)
django.db.utils.IntegrityError: UNIQUE constraint failed: users_userprofile.user_id
url 不应该是：
url(r'^user/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', views.UserProfileView.as_view(), name='user_profile'),
你的urls.py错了。每当你调用 http://127.0.0.1:8000/user/3/ 时，它都会调用视图 users.views.UserProfileView，而这个 UserProfileView 没有得到任何你需要传入 urls.py.[= 的 userID 17=]
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
url(r'^$',views.HomeView.as_view(),name='index'),
url(r'^user/(?P<pk>\d+)/',include('users.urls',namespace='users')),
url(r'^feed/',include('feed.urls',namespace='feed')),
]
你所做的一切都是正确的。但是 错误是不言自明的 。您的 UserProfileInfo 与 User 模型 一对一 相关。所以一旦你创建了一个新用户。将创建一个新的 userprofileinfo，但不会自动创建。因此它给出了错误。
You need to send a signal to create a new userprofileinfo whenever a new user is created.
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.db.models.signals import post_save
from django.dispatch import receiver
class UserProfile(models.Model):
user = models.OneToOneField(User)
first_name = models.CharField(max_length=50,default='User')
. . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . .
def __str__(self):
return self.user.username
@receiver(post_save, sender=User)
def create_user_profile(sender, instance, created, **kwargs):
if created:
UserProfile.objects.create(user=instance)
@receiver(post_save, sender=User)
def save_user_profile(sender, instance, **kwargs):
instance.userprofile.save()
最后，我更改了型号名称，因此请相应更改。现在，它将完美运行。