Optaplanner

Question

我的程序在我的 IDE (IntelliJ) 上运行良好，但出于某种原因，当我尝试创建一个 jar 文件时，当我从终端运行程序时出现以下错误：

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException at org.optaplanner.core.config.score.director.ScoreDirectorFactoryConfig.buildDroolsScoreDirectorFactory(ScoreDirectorFactoryConfig.java:461)

org.optaplanner.core.config.score.director.ScoreDirectorFactoryConfig.buildScoreDirectorFactory(ScoreDirectorFactoryConfig.java:331)

org.optaplanner.core.config.solver.SolverConfig.buildSolver(SolverConfig.java:220)

org.optaplanner.core.impl.solver.AbstractSolverFactory.buildSolver(AbstractSolverFactory.java:57)

org.optaplanner.EmployeeRoster.main(EmployeeRoster.java:31)

这是我在 EmployeeRoster 中的第 31 行：

Solver solver = SolverFactory.createFromXmlResource(SOLVER_CONFIG_XML).buildSolver();

SOLVER_CONFIG_XML 是一个包含我的 XML 求解器配置路径的字符串，看起来像这样

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<solver>
 <solutionClass>org.optaplanner.solver.Roster</solutionClass>
 <entityClass>org.optaplanner.domain.Assignment</entityClass>
 <scoreDirectorFactory>
  <scoreDrl>org/optaplanner/solver/employeeShiftsScoreRules.drl</scoreDrl>
 </scoreDirectorFactory>
 <localSearch>
  <termination>
   <secondsSpentLimit>5</secondsSpentLimit>
   <bestScoreLimit>0hard/0medium/0soft</bestScoreLimit>
  </termination>
  <!--<termination>
   <unimprovedStepCountLimit>5</unimprovedStepCountLimit>
  </termination>-->
  <acceptor>
   <entityTabuSize>7</entityTabuSize>
  </acceptor>
  <forager>
   <acceptedCountLimit>1000</acceptedCountLimit>
  </forager>
 </localSearch>
</solver>

还有我的 pom.xml 文件，如果相关的话：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" 
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>org.btrg.dfb</groupId>
<artifactId>optaplanner</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.optaplanner</groupId>
        <artifactId>optaplanner-core</artifactId>
        <version>7.3.0.Final</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.thoughtworks.xstream</groupId>
        <artifactId>xstream</artifactId>
        <version>1.4.8</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
        <artifactId>gson</artifactId>
        <version>2.8.1</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.jolira</groupId>
        <artifactId>onejar-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>1.4.4</version>
    </dependency>

</dependencies>

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <configuration>
                <source>1.8</source>
                <target>1.8</target>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>

        <plugin>
            <!-- Build an executable JAR -->
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
            <configuration>
                <archive>
                    <manifest>
                        <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
                        <mainClass>org.avalin.optaplanner.EmployeeRoster</mainClass>
                    </manifest>
                </archive>
                <descriptorRefs>
                    <descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
                </descriptorRefs>
            </configuration>
            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <id>make-my-jar-with-dependencies</id>
                    <phase>package</phase>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>single</goal>
                    </goals>
                </execution>
            </executions>
        </plugin>

        <plugin>
            <groupId>com.jolira</groupId>
            <artifactId>onejar-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>1.4.4</version>
            <executions>
                <execution>
                    <goals>
                        <goal>one-jar</goal>
                    </goals>
                </execution>
            </executions>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

我可能做错了什么？

Answer 1

对我来说，这个问题必须解决我想如何运行 jar (java -jar)，以及我是如何构建这个罐子的。当我从 6.4.0[= 升级到 optaplanner-core/7.4.1 时出现 NullPointerException 60=]。当我还在使用 6.4.0 时，这个问题没有出现。

异常：

java.lang.NullPointerException at org.kie.internal.io.ResourceFactory.newByteArrayResource(ResourceFactory.java:66) at org.drools.compiler.kie.builder.impl.AbstractKieModule.getResource(AbstractKieModule.java:299) at org.drools.compiler.kie.builder.impl.AbstractKieModule.addResourceToCompiler(AbstractKieModule.java:264) at org.drools.compiler.kie.builder.impl.AbstractKieModule.addResourceToCompiler(AbstractKieModule.java:259) at org.drools.compiler.kie.builder.impl.AbstractKieProject.buildKnowledgePackages(AbstractKieProject.java:243) at org.drools.compiler.kie.builder.impl.AbstractKieProject.verify(AbstractKieProject.java:74) at org.drools.compiler.kie.builder.impl.KieBuilderImpl.buildKieProject(KieBuilderImpl.java:250) at org.drools.compiler.kie.builder.impl.KieBuilderImpl.buildAll(KieBuilderImpl.java:218) at org.drools.compiler.kie.builder.impl.KieBuilderImpl.buildAll(KieBuilderImpl.java:176) at org.optaplanner.core.config.score.director.ScoreDirectorFactoryConfig.buildDroolsScoreDirectorFactory(ScoreDirectorFactoryConfig.java:503)

以下是 临时解决方法 我确实解决了 NullPointerException 并只是将应用程序转到运行。

使用 IntelliJ 的 gradle 构建一个包含所有依赖项的大 jar。

解压jar，例如，到unzippedJar/目录。

修改unzippedJar/META-INF/kie.conf

重新打开文件。

运行带有 java 的罐子。

第 1 步。构建 jar

dependencies { ... compile group: 'org.optaplanner', name: 'optaplanner-core', version:'7.4.1.Final' compile group: 'org.optaplanner', name: 'optaplanner-benchmark', version:'7.4.1.Final' ... } task fatJar(type: Jar) { manifest { attributes 'Implementation-Title': 'Self contained jar with all dependencies', 'Implementation-Version': version, 'Main-Class': 'path.to.class.with.main.method' } baseName = 'fatJar' from { configurations.compile.collect { it.isDirectory() ? it : zipTree(it) } } with jar }

步骤 2. 解压缩

unzip fatJar.jar -d unzippedJar/

步骤 3. 修改 kie.conf

"fatJar" 任务扁平化了依赖关系 - jar 中允许重复的文件名。这导致了四个 unzippedJar/META-INF/kie.conf 文件，只使用了其中一个。无论使用哪个 kie.conf 文件，这都是我的最终 kie.conf.

org.kie.api.internal.assembler.KieAssemblers = +org.optaplanner.core.impl.solver.kie.KieSolverAssemblerService org.kie.api.internal.assembler.KieAssemblers = org.kie.internal.services.KieAssemblersImpl org.kie.api.internal.runtime.KieRuntimes = org.kie.internal.services.KieRuntimesImpl org.kie.api.internal.weaver.KieWeavers = org.kie.internal.services.KieWeaversImpl org.kie.api.internal.runtime.beliefs.KieBeliefs = org.kie.internal.services.KieBeliefsImpl org.kie.api.io.KieResources = org.drools.core.io.impl.ResourceFactoryServiceImpl org.kie.api.marshalling.KieMarshallers = org.drools.core.marshalling.impl.MarshallerProviderImpl org.kie.api.concurrent.KieExecutors = org.drools.core.concurrent.ExecutorProviderImpl org.kie.api.KieServices = org.drools.compiler.kie.builder.impl.KieServicesImpl org.kie.internal.builder.KnowledgeBuilderFactoryService = org.drools.compiler.builder.impl.KnowledgeBuilderFactoryServiceImpl

第 4 步重新启动

出于某种原因，指定 MANIFEST.MF 文件对我没有任何帮助，因此我将其遗漏了。

jar cf rejard.jar .

第 5 步。运行 jar

java -cp rejard.jar path.to.class.with.main.method

Answer 2

根据@Arturo W 的回答，我可以建议使用 maven 的另一个修复方法汇编插件到做一个肥罐。

如 documentation 中所述：

"If two or more elements (e.g., file, fileSet) select different sources for the same file for archiving, only one of the source files will be archived. [...] The order of the phases is as follows: 1) FileItem 2) FileSets 3) ModuleSet 4) DependencySet and 5) Repository elements."

META-INF/kie.conf 在 org.optaplanner.core 的存档中提供，因此 maven 将 optaplanner 的版本打包到你定义的自定义版本上存储库。

为了包含它，我们在解包过程中排除了所有 META-INF/kie.conf 文件并使用 <file></file> 手动复制我们的版本自定义描述符文件中的选项。

我们是这样做的：

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <!-- ... -->
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!-- ... -->

            <!-- fat jar -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.1.0</version>
                <configuration>
                    <descriptors>
                        <descriptor>src/assembly/distribution.xml</descriptor>
                    </descriptors>
                    <archive>
                        <manifest>
                            <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>
                            <mainClass>com.veryseriouscompany.veryseriousproject.app.Main</mainClass>
                        </manifest>
                    </archive>

                </configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>assemble-all</id>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>single</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

    <!-- ... -->

要修复 kie.conf 的包含，我们必须编写一个自定义描述符，在 src/assembly/distribution.xml 中定义。我们从一个预定义的描述符： jar-with-dependencies。这是一个很好的起点。

src/assembly/distribution.xml

<assembly xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/ASSEMBLY/2.0.0"
          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
          xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/ASSEMBLY/2.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/assembly-2.0.0.xsd">
    <id>epigno-jar-with-dependencies</id>
    <formats>
        <format>jar</format>
    </formats>
    <includeBaseDirectory>false</includeBaseDirectory>
    <dependencySets>
        <dependencySet>
            <outputDirectory>/</outputDirectory>
            <useProjectArtifact>true</useProjectArtifact>
            <unpack>true</unpack>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <!-- Exclude all META-INF/kie.conf during unpacking -->
            <unpackOptions>
                <excludes>
                    <exclude>META-INF/kie.conf</exclude>
                </excludes>
            </unpackOptions>
        </dependencySet>
    </dependencySets>
    <files>
        <file>
            <!-- Manually copy your custom kie configuration file from your repository. -->
            <!-- Please replace this path by whatever path is relevant for your project. -->
            <source>src/main/resources/META-INF/kie.conf</source>
            <outputDirectory>META-INF</outputDirectory>
        </file>
    </files>
</assembly>

完成后，运行

mvn package

希望这会将正确的 kie.conf 打包到您的 fat jar 中！

Optaplanner - 创建 jar 文件时出现 NullPointerException

Optaplanner - NullPointerException when creating jar file

java

jar

nullpointerexception

第 1 步。构建 jar

步骤 2. 解压缩

步骤 3. 修改 kie.conf

第 4 步重新启动

第 5 步。运行 jar

pom.xml

src/assembly/distribution.xml