Python 绘制数据（配置文件）

Question

我的物理项目有问题，我必须使用 Python netCDF4，即使我不知道如何编程。我已经阅读了我的数据，也看过许多不同的教程，但我不确定下一步该怎么做。我为此挣扎了很长时间。

from netCDF4 import Dataset as ncf
file='atmPrf_C001.2010.227.00.03.G04_2013.3520_nc'
data=ncf(file,'r’)
print(infile.dimensions)
print(data.variables)

vertical=data.variables['MSL_alt']
latitude=data.variables['Lat']
longitude=data.variables['Lon']
ang=data.variables['Bend_ang']

输出：

OrderedDict([(u'Lat', <type 'netCDF4._netCDF4.Variable'>
float32 Lat(MSL_alt)
    units: deg
    valid_range: [-90.  90.]
    _FillValue: -999.0
    long_name: Latitude of perigee point
unlimited dimensions:
current shape = (2849,)
filling off
), (u'Lon', <type 'netCDF4._netCDF4.Variable'>
float32 Lon(MSL_alt)
    units: deg
    valid_range: [-180.  180.]
    _FillValue: -999.0
    long_name: Longitude of perigee point
unlimited dimensions:
current shape = (2849,)
filling off
), (u'MSL_alt', <type 'netCDF4._netCDF4.Variable'>
float32 MSL_alt(MSL_alt)
    units: km
    valid_range: [   0.  999.]
    _FillValue: -999.0
    long_name: Mean sea level altitude of perigee point
unlimited dimensions:
current shape = (2849,)
filling off
), (u'Ref', <type 'netCDF4._netCDF4.Variable'>
float32 Ref(MSL_alt)
    units: N
    valid_range: [    0.  9999.]
    _FillValue: -999.0
    long_name: Refractivity
unlimited dimensions:
current shape = (2849,)
filling off
), (u'Azim', <type 'netCDF4._netCDF4.Variable'>
float32 Azim(MSL_alt)
    units: deg
    valid_range: [    0.  1500.]
    _FillValue: -999.0
    long_name: Azimuth of occultation plane wrt North
unlimited dimensions:
current shape = (2849,)
filling off
), (u'Pres', <type 'netCDF4._netCDF4.Variable'>
float32 Pres(MSL_alt)
    units: mb
    valid_range: [    0.  1500.]
    _FillValue: -999.0
    long_name: Dry pressure
unlimited dimensions:
current shape = (2849,)
filling off
), (u'Temp', <type 'netCDF4._netCDF4.Variable'>
float32 Temp(MSL_alt)
    units: C
    valid_range: [-200.  100.]
    _FillValue: -999.0
    long_name: Dry temperature
unlimited dimensions:
current shape = (2849,)
filling off
), (u'Bend_ang', <type 'netCDF4._netCDF4.Variable'>
float64 Bend_ang(MSL_alt)
    units: rad
    valid_range: [  0.  10.]
    _FillValue: -999.0
    long_name: Raw (unoptimized) bending angle
unlimited dimensions:
current shape = (2849,)
filling off
), (u'Opt_bend_ang', <type 'netCDF4._netCDF4.Variable'>
float64 Opt_bend_ang(MSL_alt)
    units: rad
    valid_range: [  0.  10.]
    _FillValue: -999.0
    long_name: Optimized bending angle
unlimited dimensions:
current shape = (2849,)
filling off
), (u'Impact_height', <type 'netCDF4._netCDF4.Variable'>
float32 Impact_height(MSL_alt)
    units: km
    valid_range: [   0.  999.]
    _FillValue: -999.0
    long_name: Impact height
unlimited dimensions:
current shape = (2849,)
filling off
), (u'Bend_ang_stdv', <type 'netCDF4._netCDF4.Variable'>
float32 Bend_ang_stdv(MSL_alt)
    units: rad
    valid_range: [  0.  10.]
    _FillValue: -999.0
    long_name: Bending angle uncertainty
unlimited dimensions:
current shape = (2849,)
filling off
), (u'Bend_ang_conf', <type 'netCDF4._netCDF4.Variable'>
int32 Bend_ang_conf(MSL_alt)
    units: %
    valid_range: [  0 100]
    _FillValue: -999
    long_name: Bending angle confidence
unlimited dimensions:
current shape = (2849,)
filling off
), (u'OL_par', <type 'netCDF4._netCDF4.Variable'>
float64 OL_par(OL_par)
    _FillValue: -999.0
unlimited dimensions:
current shape = (20,)
filling off
), (u'OL_ipar', <type 'netCDF4._netCDF4.Variable'>
int32 OL_ipar(OL_par)
    _FillValue: -999
unlimited dimensions:
current shape = (20,)
filling off
), (u'OL_vec1', <type 'netCDF4._netCDF4.Variable'>
float64 OL_vec1(OL_vec)
    _FillValue: -999.0
unlimited dimensions:
current shape = (7949,)
filling off
), (u'OL_vec2', <type 'netCDF4._netCDF4.Variable'>
float64 OL_vec2(OL_vec)
    _FillValue: -999.0
unlimited dimensions:
current shape = (7949,)
filling off
), (u'OL_vec3', <type 'netCDF4._netCDF4.Variable'>
float64 OL_vec3(OL_vec)
    _FillValue: -999.0
unlimited dimensions:
current shape = (7949,)
filling off
), (u'OL_vec4', <type 'netCDF4._netCDF4.Variable'>
float64 OL_vec4(OL_vec)
    _FillValue: -999.0
unlimited dimensions:
current shape = (7949,)
filling off
)])

我不知道下一步该怎么做，我最后能做的就是声明变量，我应该关注弯曲角度但我在这个数据中没有看到它，它应该有多大或者我应该知道声明尺寸？我正在向某人寻求提示，因为这个志愿科学项目已经让我发疯了。谢谢。

更新：我只是试着把它画出来：

plt.plot(ang)
plt.show()

得到这个：

Answer 1

当您编写 ang=data.variables['Bend_ang'] 时，将返回一个对象（NetCDF4 变量），其中（除了数据之外）还包含通常的单位、维度、名称等内容，您可以通过以下方式访问这些内容：

ang_units = data.variables['Bend_ang'].units
ang_dims  = data.variables['Bend_ang'].dimensions

可以使用以下方法将数据本身读取到 Numpy 数组：

vertical_data = data.variables['MSL_alt'][:]
ang_data      = data.variables['Bend_ang'][:]

在您的情况下，这些将是一维数组，可以简单地使用以下方法绘制：

plt.plot(ang_data, vertical_data)

Python 绘制数据（配置文件）

Python plotting data (profiles)

python

matplotlib

plot

netcdf

netcdf4