如何 select 包含用户输入的列？

Question

我想对数据库中标题以某种方式包含用户输入的 select 个元素执行 MYSQL 查询。为了了解我想要什么：

数据库中的标题可能是

"The three kids are playing in the yard".

用户可能会搜索 "kids playing"，我希望他能找到该标题。目前我正在使用

SELECT title FROM someTable WHERE title LIKE "%sometitle%"`

然而，这不会 return 标题，因为用户输入中缺少 "are" 一词，因此不会 return 编辑任何内容。当用户没有输入与标题中完全相同的词序时，有没有办法 select 标题？

Answer 1

一种简单的方法是将搜索词拆分为 'kids' 和 'playing'，然后动态生成 LIKE 语句，如下所示：

SELECT title FROM someTable WHERE title LIKE '%FIRST%SECOND%'

这里FIRST会被孩子们代替，SECOND会被玩耍代替。所以实际上你会在每个搜索词之间插入一个 %。

Answer 2

或者，您也可以使用 MySQL full Text search：

或者，Boolean Full Text Search Or Full Text Search using Query Expansion。

我们来看看Boolean Full Text Search;

table 示例 dev.mysql.com:

mysql> select * from articles;
+----+-----------------------+------------------------------------------+
| id | title                 | body                                     |
+----+-----------------------+------------------------------------------+
|  1 | PostgreSQL Tutorial   | DBMS stands for DataBase ...             |
|  2 | How To Use MySQL Well | After you went through a ...             |
|  3 | Optimizing MySQL      | In this tutorial we will show ...        |
|  4 | 1001 MySQL Tricks     | 1. Never run mysqld as root. 2. ...      |
|  5 | MySQL vs. YourSQL     | In the following database comparison ... |
|  6 | MySQL Security        | When configured properly, MySQL ...      |
+----+-----------------------+------------------------------------------+

mysql> SELECT * FROM articles WHERE MATCH (title,body)
     AGAINST ('"database comparison"' IN BOOLEAN MODE);

+----+-------------------+------------------------------------------+
| id | title             | body                                     |
+----+-------------------+------------------------------------------+
|  5 | MySQL vs. YourSQL | In the following database comparison ... |
+----+-------------------+------------------------------------------+

顺序很重要，引用的话：

mysql> SELECT * FROM articles WHERE MATCH (title,body)
     AGAINST ('"comparison database"' IN BOOLEAN MODE);

Empty set (0.01 sec)

当我们删除引号时，它将搜索包含单词 "database" 或 "comparison":

的行

mysql> SELECT * FROM articles WHERE MATCH (title,body)
     AGAINST ('database comparison' IN BOOLEAN MODE);

+----+---------------------+------------------------------------------+
| id | title               | body                                     |
+----+---------------------+------------------------------------------+
|  1 | PostgreSQL Tutorial | DBMS stands for DataBase ...             |
|  5 | MySQL vs. YourSQL   | In the following database comparison ... |
+----+---------------------+------------------------------------------+

现在顺序无关紧要：

mysql> SELECT * FROM articles WHERE MATCH (title,body)
     AGAINST ('comparison database' IN BOOLEAN MODE);

+----+---------------------+------------------------------------------+
| id | title               | body                                     |
+----+---------------------+------------------------------------------+
|  1 | PostgreSQL Tutorial | DBMS stands for DataBase ...             |
|  5 | MySQL vs. YourSQL   | In the following database comparison ... |
+----+---------------------+------------------------------------------+

如果我们想要获取包含单词 "PostgreSQL" 或短语 "database comparison" 的行，我们应该使用此请求：

mysql> SELECT * FROM articles WHERE MATCH (title,body)
     AGAINST ('PostgreSQL "database comparison"' IN BOOLEAN MODE);

+----+---------------------+------------------------------------------+
| id | title               | body                                     |
+----+---------------------+------------------------------------------+
|  1 | PostgreSQL Tutorial | DBMS stands for DataBase ...             |
|  5 | MySQL vs. YourSQL   | In the following database comparison ... |
+----+---------------------+------------------------------------------+

Fiddle To Try

确保您要搜索的词不在 list of stopwords 中，它们将被忽略。
（显然像 'is'、'the' 这样的词是 stopwords 并且这些被忽略了）

要在布尔模式下增强结果排序，您可以使用以下查询：

（假设你在用户输入的字符串中总共有 2 个单词）那么。

SELECT column_names, MATCH (text) AGAINST ('word1 word2')
AS col1 FROM table1
WHERE MATCH (text) AGAINST ('+word1 +word2' in boolean mode) 
order by col1 desc;

(如果你在用户输入的字符串中有3个词)那么..

SELECT column_names, MATCH (text) AGAINST ('word1 word2 word3')
AS col1 FROM table1
WHERE MATCH (text) AGAINST ('+word1 +word2 +word3' in boolean mode) 
order by col1 desc;

首先使用MATCH()我们得到非布尔搜索模式的分数（更有特色）。 second MATCH() 确保我们真的只得到我们想要的结果（所有 3 个词）。

如何 select 包含用户输入的列？

How to select a column which contains user input?

mysql

sql-like