如何优雅地用不同的向量替换重复的值?

how to elegantly substitute repeated values with a different vector?

在 R 中,像这样的向量:

x <- c(0,0,1,1,0,0,1,1,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1)

我希望 x 是这样的:

y = c(0,0,1,1,0,0,2,2,0,0,3,3,3,3,0,4,0,5,0,6)

谁能帮我解决这个问题?

一个选项是rle

inverse.rle(within.list(rle(x), values[values!=0] <- seq_along(values[values!=0])))
#[1] 0 0 1 1 0 0 2 2 0 0 3 3 3 3 0 4 0 5 0 6

rleid 来自 data.table

library(data.table)
x1 <- x*rleid(x)
match(x1, unique(x1[x1!=0]), nomatch = 0)
#[1] 0 0 1 1 0 0 2 2 0 0 3 3 3 3 0 4 0 5 0 6