运行测试 Spring 引导在上下文中失败

Question

我正在编写 Spring Boot (1.5.7) REST 应用程序，它运行良好，没有问题。

现在我正在尝试编写一些 unit/integration 测试，但我不知道如何配置它们。

这是我的Application.java

@EntityScan
@SpringBootApplication
public class Application
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }

    @Bean
    public Module hibernate5Module()
    {
        return new Hibernate5Module();
    }
}

这是我的测试之一，NetworkServiceTest.java

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = Application.class)
@ActiveProfiles(profiles = "test")
@DataJpaTest
public class NetworkServiceTest
{
    @Autowired
    private TestEntityManager manager;
    @Autowired
    private NetworkService service;

    @Test
    public void whenFindByFacilityIdAndSportId_thenReturnNetwork()
    {
        // Given
        Network net = new Network(100, 200);
        manager.persist(net);
        manager.flush();

        // When
        Network found = service.findByFacilityIdAndSportId(net.getFacilityId(), net.getSportId());

        // Then
        assertThat(found.getFacilityId()).isEqualTo(net.getFacilityId());
        assertThat(found.getSportId()).isEqualTo(net.getSportId());
    }
}

所有测试return"NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'com.example.NetworkService' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}"

这是应用的配置文件-test.yml

spring:
    datasource:
        url: jdbc:h2:mem:testdb;DB_CLOSE_ON_EXIT=FALSE
        username: sa
        password: 
        driver-class-name: org.h2.Driver
    jpa:
        hibernate:
            ddl-auto: create
liquibase:
    enabled: false

Answer 1

我会调查 Mockito。我发现它对于单元测试 spring 启动应用程序非常有用。

你最终会得到类似的东西。

public class NetworkServiceTest
{
    @Mock
    private TestEntityManager manager;
    @Mock
    private NetworkService service;

    ....
}

Answer 2

您已使用 @DataJpaTest 对测试 class 进行了注释，但您似乎在测试服务层（因为您正在尝试自动装配 NetworkService），而不是 JPA 层。

尝试删除 @DataJpaTest 注释。

Answer 3

根据@darren-forsythe 的提示解决

BaseTest.java

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@ActiveProfiles(profiles = "test")
abstract class BaseTest
{
    @Test
    public void init() {}
}

BaseDatabaseTest.java

@DataJpaTest
@ComponentScan(basePackages = { "com.example.services"})
abstract class BaseDatabaseTest extends BaseTest
{
    @Autowired
    protected TestEntityManager m_pManager;

    @Test
    public void initDatabase() {}
}

NetworkServiceTest.java

public class NetworkServiceTest extends BaseDatabaseTest
{
    @Autowired
    private NetworkService service;

    @Test
    public void whenFindByFacilityIdAndSportId_thenReturnNetwork()
    {
        long facilityId = 100;
        long sportId = 200;

        // Given
        Network net = new Network(facilityId, sportId);
        m_pManager.persist(net);
        m_pManager.flush();

        assertThat(net.getFacilityId()).isEqualTo(facilityId);

        // When
        List<Network> nets = service.findAll();
        Network found = service.findByFacilityIdAndSportId(facilityId, sportId);

        // Then
        assertThat(nets.size()).isGreaterThan(0);
        assertThat(found.getFacilityId()).isEqualTo(net.getFacilityId());
        assertThat(found.getSportId()).isEqualTo(net.getSportId());
        assertThat(found.getSportId()).isNotEqualTo(0);
    }
}

运行测试 Spring 引导在上下文中失败

Running tests in Spring Boot fails in context

spring-boot

spring-boot-test

运行 测试 Spring 引导在上下文中失败

Running tests in Spring Boot fails in context

spring-boot

spring-boot-test

运行测试 Spring 引导在上下文中失败