PHP7 xml_parse() 变化，截断数组？
PHP7 xml_parse() changes, truncated arrays?
我遇到的问题出现在 xml_parse() 函数中
ATutor QTI Parser
我希望有人能指出我遗漏了什么，或者想出一个解决方法 PHP 7.1.1.
我在这里找不到任何文档或帖子建议将 PHP xml_parse() 函数从 5.6 更改为 7.1，尽管这两个版本似乎解析 xml 不同。正在解析的 XML 出现在下方。
具体来说，对于示例中的问题数组，5.6.30 returns 一个问题数组，例如：
[question] => Array
(
[0] => graphic matching
[1] => LIKERT
[2] => multi choice question
[3] => Mutliple question
[4] => open ended
[5] => ordering
[6] => Simple match
[7] => true
)
虽然在 php 7.1.1 中，其他都一样，但它 return 只是上面每个数组元素的第一个字母，作为一个字符串。
[question] => gLmMooSt
XML 文件是来自 QTI 测试（即测验）包的 IMS QTI 1.2.1 清单。
发生截断的元素是问题标题（问题本身），在以下元素中找到，当使用 PHP5.6 ( [0] => 图形匹配), return 作为第一个字母, "g", 在使用 PHP7.1.1 ([question] => gLmMooSt)
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">graphic matching</mattext>
</material>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<questestinterop
xmlns="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/ims_qtiasiv1p2"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/ims_qtiasiv1p2 http://www.imsglobal.org/profile/cc/ccv1p0/derived_schema/domainProfile_4/ims_qtiasiv1p2_localised.xsd"
>
<assessment title="Simple test" ident="d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e">
<section ident="ATUTOR-8" title="Simple test">
<!-- matching question with partial marks -->
<item title="Mathcing question" ident="ITEM_2">
<itemmetadata>
<qtimetadata>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>qmd_itemtype</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>Logical Groups</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>qmd_questiontype</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>Drag-and-drop</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>cc_profile</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>cc.pattern_match.v0p1</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>cc_weighting</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>5</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
</qtimetadata>
</itemmetadata>
<presentation>
<flow>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">graphic matching</mattext>
</material>
<response_lid ident="RESPONSE-98f13708210194c475687be6106a3b84" rcardinality="Multiple">
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">a</mattext>
</material>
<render_choice shuffle="No">
<response_label ident="Option0">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">A</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
<response_label ident="Option1">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">B</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
</render_choice>
</response_lid>
<response_lid ident="RESPONSE-3c59dc048e8850243be8079a5c74d079" rcardinality="Multiple">
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">b</mattext>
</material>
<render_choice shuffle="No">
<response_label ident="Option0">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">A</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
<response_label ident="Option1">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">B</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
</render_choice>
</response_lid>
</flow>
</presentation>
<resprocessing>
<outcomes>
<decvar varname="SCORE" />
</outcomes>
</resprocessing>
</item>
<!-- likert question (aka multiple choice with no correct answer) -->
<item title="Multiple choice question" ident="ITEM_1">
<itemmetadata>
<qtimetadata>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>qmd_itemtype</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>Logical Identifier</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>qmd_questiontype</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>Multiple-choice</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>cc_profile</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>cc.mutliple_choice.v0p1</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
</qtimetadata>
</itemmetadata>
<presentation>
<flow>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">LIKERT</mattext>
</material>
<response_lid ident="RESPONSE1" rcardinality="Single">
<render_choice shuffle="No" minnumber="1" maxnumber="1">
<flow_label>
<response_label ident="Choice0">
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">A LITTLE</mattext>
</material>
</response_label>
<response_label ident="Choice1">
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">A lot</mattext>
</material>
</response_label>
</flow_label>
</render_choice>
</response_lid>
</flow>
</presentation>
<resprocessing>
<respcondition title="CorrectResponse">
<conditionvar>
<varequal respident="RESPONSE1">Choice0</varequal>
</conditionvar>
<setvar varname="que_score" action="Set">0</setvar>
</respcondition>
<respcondition title="CorrectResponse">
<conditionvar>
<varequal respident="RESPONSE1">Choice1</varequal>
</conditionvar>
<setvar varname="que_score" action="Set">0</setvar>
</respcondition>
</resprocessing>
</item>
<!-- single answer multiple choice question -->
<item title="Multiple choice question" ident="ITEM_5">
<itemmetadata>
<qtimetadata>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>qmd_itemtype</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>Logical Identifier</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>qmd_questiontype</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>Multiple-choice</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>cc_profile</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>cc.mutliple_choice.v0p1</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>cc_weighting</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>5</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
</qtimetadata>
</itemmetadata>
<presentation>
<flow>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">multi choice question</mattext>
</material>
<response_lid ident="RESPONSE5" rcardinality="Single">
<render_choice shuffle="No" minnumber="1" maxnumber="1">
<response_label ident="Choice0">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">this is correct</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
<response_label ident="Choice1">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">this is wrong</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
<response_label ident="Choice2">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">this is wrong</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
</render_choice>
</response_lid>
</flow>
</presentation>
<resprocessing>
<outcomes>
<decvar varname="SCORE" />
</outcomes>
<respcondition title="CorrectResponse">
<conditionvar>
<varequal respident="RESPONSE5">Choice0</varequal>
</conditionvar>
<setvar varname="que_score" action="Set">5</setvar>
</respcondition>
</resprocessing>
</item>
<!-- multi answer multiple choice question with partial marks -->
<item title="Multiple answer question" ident="ITEM_4">
<itemmetadata>
<qtimetadata>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>qmd_itemtype</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>Logical Identifier</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>qmd_questiontype</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>Multiple-response</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>cc_profile</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>cc.mutliple_response.v0p1</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>cc_weighting</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>5</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
</qtimetadata>
</itemmetadata>
<presentation>
<flow>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">Mutliple question</mattext>
</material>
<response_lid ident="RESPONSE4" rcardinality="Multiple">
<render_choice shuffle="No">
<response_label ident="Choice0">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">coorect</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
<response_label ident="Choice1">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">coorect</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
<response_label ident="Choice2">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">icorrect</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
<response_label ident="Choice3">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">icorrect</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
</render_choice>
</response_lid>
</flow>
</presentation>
<resprocessing>
<outcomes>
<decvar varname="SCORE" />
</outcomes>
<respcondition title="CorrectResponse">
<conditionvar>
<varequal respident="RESPONSE4">Choice0</varequal>
</conditionvar>
<setvar varname="Respondus_Correct">5</setvar>
</respcondition>
<respcondition title="CorrectResponse">
<conditionvar>
<varequal respident="RESPONSE4">Choice1</varequal>
</conditionvar>
<setvar varname="Respondus_Correct">5</setvar>
</respcondition>
</resprocessing>
</item>
<!-- open ended (free text) question -->
<item title="Open ended question" ident="ITEM_6">
<itemmetadata>
<qtimetadata>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>qmd_itemtype</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>String</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>qmd_questiontype</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>FIB-string</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>cc_profile</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>cc.fib.v0p1</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>cc_weighting</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>5</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
</qtimetadata>
</itemmetadata>
<presentation>
<flow>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">open ended</mattext>
</material>
<response_str ident="RESPONSE6" rcardinality="Single">
<render_fib rows="1" columns="5">
<response_label ident="Choice" />
</render_fib>
</response_str>
</flow>
</presentation>
</item>
<!-- ordering question -->
<item title="Ordering question" ident="ITEM_7">
<itemmetadata>
<qtimetadata>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>qmd_itemtype</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>Logical Identifier</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
</qtimetadata>
</itemmetadata>
<presentation>
<flow>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">ordering</mattext>
</material>
<response_lid ident="RESPONSE7" rcardinality="Ordered">
<render_choice shuffle="Yes" minnumber="4" maxnumber="4">
<response_label ident="Choice0">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">item1</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
<response_label ident="Choice1">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">itms2</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
<response_label ident="Choice2">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">item 3</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
<response_label ident="Choice3">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">items 4</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
</render_choice>
</response_lid>
</flow>
</presentation>
<resprocessing>
<outcomes>
<decvar varname="SCORE" />
</outcomes>
<respcondition title="CorrectResponse">
<conditionvar>
<varequal respident="RESPONSE7">Choice0</varequal>
</conditionvar>
<setvar varname="Respondus_Correct">1.25</setvar>
</respcondition>
<respcondition title="CorrectResponse">
<conditionvar>
<varequal respident="RESPONSE7">Choice1</varequal>
</conditionvar>
<setvar varname="Respondus_Correct">1.25</setvar>
</respcondition>
<respcondition title="CorrectResponse">
<conditionvar>
<varequal respident="RESPONSE7">Choice2</varequal>
</conditionvar>
<setvar varname="Respondus_Correct">1.25</setvar>
</respcondition>
<respcondition title="CorrectResponse">
<conditionvar>
<varequal respident="RESPONSE7">Choice3</varequal>
</conditionvar>
<setvar varname="Respondus_Correct">1.25</setvar>
</respcondition>
</resprocessing>
</item>
<!-- matching question with partial marks -->
<item title="Mathcing question" ident="ITEM_3">
<itemmetadata>
<qtimetadata>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>qmd_itemtype</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>Logical Groups</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>qmd_questiontype</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>Drag-and-drop</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>cc_profile</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>cc.pattern_match.v0p1</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>cc_weighting</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>5</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
</qtimetadata>
</itemmetadata>
<presentation>
<flow>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">Simple match</mattext>
</material>
<response_lid ident="RESPONSE-34173cb38f07f89ddbebc2ac9128303f" rcardinality="Multiple">
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">A</mattext>
</material>
<render_choice shuffle="No">
<response_label ident="Option0">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">A</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
<response_label ident="Option1">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">B</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
</render_choice>
</response_lid>
<response_lid ident="RESPONSE-c16a5320fa475530d9583c34fd356ef5" rcardinality="Multiple">
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">B</mattext>
</material>
<render_choice shuffle="No">
<response_label ident="Option0">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">A</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
<response_label ident="Option1">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">B</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
</render_choice>
</response_lid>
</flow>
</presentation>
<resprocessing>
<outcomes>
<decvar varname="SCORE" />
</outcomes>
<respcondition title="CorrectResponse">
<conditionvar>
<varequal respident="RESPONSE-34173cb38f07f89ddbebc2ac9128303f">Option0</varequal>
</conditionvar>
<setvar varname="Respondus_Correct">5</setvar>
</respcondition>
<respcondition title="CorrectResponse">
<conditionvar>
<varequal respident="RESPONSE-c16a5320fa475530d9583c34fd356ef5">Option1</varequal>
</conditionvar>
<setvar varname="Respondus_Correct">5</setvar>
</respcondition>
</resprocessing>
<itemfeedback ident="FEEDBACK">
<solution>
<solutionmaterial>
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">Optional Feedback</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</solutionmaterial>
</solution>
</itemfeedback>
</item>
<!-- true or false question (aka multiple choice with two choices) -->
<item title="True or False question" ident="ITEM_8">
<itemmetadata>
<qtimetadata>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>qmd_itemtype</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>Logical Identifier</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>qmd_questiontype</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>True/false</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>cc_profile</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>cc.true_false.v0p1</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>cc_weighting</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>5</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
</qtimetadata>
</itemmetadata>
<presentation>
<flow>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">true</mattext>
</material>
<response_lid ident="RESPONSE8" rcardinality="Single">
<render_choice shuffle="No">
<response_label ident="ChoiceT">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">True</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
<response_label ident="ChoiceF">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">False</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
</render_choice>
</response_lid>
</flow>
</presentation>
<resprocessing>
<outcomes>
<decvar varname="SCORE" />
</outcomes>
<respcondition title="CorrectResponse">
<conditionvar>
<varequal respident="RESPONSE8">
ChoiceT </varequal>
</conditionvar>
<setvar varname="que_score" action="Set">5</setvar>
</respcondition>
</resprocessing>
</item> </section>
</assessment>
</questestinterop>
这个问题是因为存放数组的变量$question初始化为一个空字符串。
PHP7 有非常严格的变量类型验证。在 PHP7 之前，当一个变量在代码中被视为不同于其初始类型的类型时，PHP 会自动将其转换为新类型。使用 PHP7，变量在整个代码中被视为初始化类型，在这种情况下，分配给 $question 的数组值被截断以仅通过从每个数组值中获取第一个字符来组成字符串。
我遇到的问题出现在 xml_parse() 函数中 ATutor QTI Parser
我希望有人能指出我遗漏了什么，或者想出一个解决方法 PHP 7.1.1.
我在这里找不到任何文档或帖子建议将 PHP xml_parse() 函数从 5.6 更改为 7.1，尽管这两个版本似乎解析 xml 不同。正在解析的 XML 出现在下方。
具体来说，对于示例中的问题数组，5.6.30 returns 一个问题数组，例如：
[question] => Array
(
[0] => graphic matching
[1] => LIKERT
[2] => multi choice question
[3] => Mutliple question
[4] => open ended
[5] => ordering
[6] => Simple match
[7] => true
)
虽然在 php 7.1.1 中，其他都一样，但它 return 只是上面每个数组元素的第一个字母，作为一个字符串。
[question] => gLmMooSt
XML 文件是来自 QTI 测试（即测验）包的 IMS QTI 1.2.1 清单。
发生截断的元素是问题标题（问题本身），在以下元素中找到，当使用 PHP5.6 ( [0] => 图形匹配), return 作为第一个字母, "g", 在使用 PHP7.1.1 ([question] => gLmMooSt)
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">graphic matching</mattext>
</material>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<questestinterop
xmlns="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/ims_qtiasiv1p2"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.imsglobal.org/xsd/ims_qtiasiv1p2 http://www.imsglobal.org/profile/cc/ccv1p0/derived_schema/domainProfile_4/ims_qtiasiv1p2_localised.xsd"
>
<assessment title="Simple test" ident="d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e">
<section ident="ATUTOR-8" title="Simple test">
<!-- matching question with partial marks -->
<item title="Mathcing question" ident="ITEM_2">
<itemmetadata>
<qtimetadata>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>qmd_itemtype</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>Logical Groups</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>qmd_questiontype</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>Drag-and-drop</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>cc_profile</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>cc.pattern_match.v0p1</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>cc_weighting</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>5</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
</qtimetadata>
</itemmetadata>
<presentation>
<flow>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">graphic matching</mattext>
</material>
<response_lid ident="RESPONSE-98f13708210194c475687be6106a3b84" rcardinality="Multiple">
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">a</mattext>
</material>
<render_choice shuffle="No">
<response_label ident="Option0">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">A</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
<response_label ident="Option1">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">B</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
</render_choice>
</response_lid>
<response_lid ident="RESPONSE-3c59dc048e8850243be8079a5c74d079" rcardinality="Multiple">
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">b</mattext>
</material>
<render_choice shuffle="No">
<response_label ident="Option0">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">A</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
<response_label ident="Option1">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">B</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
</render_choice>
</response_lid>
</flow>
</presentation>
<resprocessing>
<outcomes>
<decvar varname="SCORE" />
</outcomes>
</resprocessing>
</item>
<!-- likert question (aka multiple choice with no correct answer) -->
<item title="Multiple choice question" ident="ITEM_1">
<itemmetadata>
<qtimetadata>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>qmd_itemtype</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>Logical Identifier</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>qmd_questiontype</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>Multiple-choice</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>cc_profile</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>cc.mutliple_choice.v0p1</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
</qtimetadata>
</itemmetadata>
<presentation>
<flow>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">LIKERT</mattext>
</material>
<response_lid ident="RESPONSE1" rcardinality="Single">
<render_choice shuffle="No" minnumber="1" maxnumber="1">
<flow_label>
<response_label ident="Choice0">
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">A LITTLE</mattext>
</material>
</response_label>
<response_label ident="Choice1">
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">A lot</mattext>
</material>
</response_label>
</flow_label>
</render_choice>
</response_lid>
</flow>
</presentation>
<resprocessing>
<respcondition title="CorrectResponse">
<conditionvar>
<varequal respident="RESPONSE1">Choice0</varequal>
</conditionvar>
<setvar varname="que_score" action="Set">0</setvar>
</respcondition>
<respcondition title="CorrectResponse">
<conditionvar>
<varequal respident="RESPONSE1">Choice1</varequal>
</conditionvar>
<setvar varname="que_score" action="Set">0</setvar>
</respcondition>
</resprocessing>
</item>
<!-- single answer multiple choice question -->
<item title="Multiple choice question" ident="ITEM_5">
<itemmetadata>
<qtimetadata>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>qmd_itemtype</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>Logical Identifier</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>qmd_questiontype</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>Multiple-choice</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>cc_profile</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>cc.mutliple_choice.v0p1</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>cc_weighting</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>5</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
</qtimetadata>
</itemmetadata>
<presentation>
<flow>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">multi choice question</mattext>
</material>
<response_lid ident="RESPONSE5" rcardinality="Single">
<render_choice shuffle="No" minnumber="1" maxnumber="1">
<response_label ident="Choice0">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">this is correct</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
<response_label ident="Choice1">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">this is wrong</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
<response_label ident="Choice2">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">this is wrong</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
</render_choice>
</response_lid>
</flow>
</presentation>
<resprocessing>
<outcomes>
<decvar varname="SCORE" />
</outcomes>
<respcondition title="CorrectResponse">
<conditionvar>
<varequal respident="RESPONSE5">Choice0</varequal>
</conditionvar>
<setvar varname="que_score" action="Set">5</setvar>
</respcondition>
</resprocessing>
</item>
<!-- multi answer multiple choice question with partial marks -->
<item title="Multiple answer question" ident="ITEM_4">
<itemmetadata>
<qtimetadata>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>qmd_itemtype</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>Logical Identifier</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>qmd_questiontype</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>Multiple-response</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>cc_profile</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>cc.mutliple_response.v0p1</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>cc_weighting</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>5</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
</qtimetadata>
</itemmetadata>
<presentation>
<flow>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">Mutliple question</mattext>
</material>
<response_lid ident="RESPONSE4" rcardinality="Multiple">
<render_choice shuffle="No">
<response_label ident="Choice0">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">coorect</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
<response_label ident="Choice1">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">coorect</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
<response_label ident="Choice2">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">icorrect</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
<response_label ident="Choice3">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">icorrect</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
</render_choice>
</response_lid>
</flow>
</presentation>
<resprocessing>
<outcomes>
<decvar varname="SCORE" />
</outcomes>
<respcondition title="CorrectResponse">
<conditionvar>
<varequal respident="RESPONSE4">Choice0</varequal>
</conditionvar>
<setvar varname="Respondus_Correct">5</setvar>
</respcondition>
<respcondition title="CorrectResponse">
<conditionvar>
<varequal respident="RESPONSE4">Choice1</varequal>
</conditionvar>
<setvar varname="Respondus_Correct">5</setvar>
</respcondition>
</resprocessing>
</item>
<!-- open ended (free text) question -->
<item title="Open ended question" ident="ITEM_6">
<itemmetadata>
<qtimetadata>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>qmd_itemtype</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>String</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>qmd_questiontype</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>FIB-string</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>cc_profile</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>cc.fib.v0p1</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>cc_weighting</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>5</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
</qtimetadata>
</itemmetadata>
<presentation>
<flow>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">open ended</mattext>
</material>
<response_str ident="RESPONSE6" rcardinality="Single">
<render_fib rows="1" columns="5">
<response_label ident="Choice" />
</render_fib>
</response_str>
</flow>
</presentation>
</item>
<!-- ordering question -->
<item title="Ordering question" ident="ITEM_7">
<itemmetadata>
<qtimetadata>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>qmd_itemtype</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>Logical Identifier</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
</qtimetadata>
</itemmetadata>
<presentation>
<flow>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">ordering</mattext>
</material>
<response_lid ident="RESPONSE7" rcardinality="Ordered">
<render_choice shuffle="Yes" minnumber="4" maxnumber="4">
<response_label ident="Choice0">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">item1</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
<response_label ident="Choice1">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">itms2</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
<response_label ident="Choice2">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">item 3</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
<response_label ident="Choice3">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">items 4</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
</render_choice>
</response_lid>
</flow>
</presentation>
<resprocessing>
<outcomes>
<decvar varname="SCORE" />
</outcomes>
<respcondition title="CorrectResponse">
<conditionvar>
<varequal respident="RESPONSE7">Choice0</varequal>
</conditionvar>
<setvar varname="Respondus_Correct">1.25</setvar>
</respcondition>
<respcondition title="CorrectResponse">
<conditionvar>
<varequal respident="RESPONSE7">Choice1</varequal>
</conditionvar>
<setvar varname="Respondus_Correct">1.25</setvar>
</respcondition>
<respcondition title="CorrectResponse">
<conditionvar>
<varequal respident="RESPONSE7">Choice2</varequal>
</conditionvar>
<setvar varname="Respondus_Correct">1.25</setvar>
</respcondition>
<respcondition title="CorrectResponse">
<conditionvar>
<varequal respident="RESPONSE7">Choice3</varequal>
</conditionvar>
<setvar varname="Respondus_Correct">1.25</setvar>
</respcondition>
</resprocessing>
</item>
<!-- matching question with partial marks -->
<item title="Mathcing question" ident="ITEM_3">
<itemmetadata>
<qtimetadata>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>qmd_itemtype</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>Logical Groups</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>qmd_questiontype</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>Drag-and-drop</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>cc_profile</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>cc.pattern_match.v0p1</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>cc_weighting</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>5</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
</qtimetadata>
</itemmetadata>
<presentation>
<flow>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">Simple match</mattext>
</material>
<response_lid ident="RESPONSE-34173cb38f07f89ddbebc2ac9128303f" rcardinality="Multiple">
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">A</mattext>
</material>
<render_choice shuffle="No">
<response_label ident="Option0">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">A</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
<response_label ident="Option1">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">B</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
</render_choice>
</response_lid>
<response_lid ident="RESPONSE-c16a5320fa475530d9583c34fd356ef5" rcardinality="Multiple">
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">B</mattext>
</material>
<render_choice shuffle="No">
<response_label ident="Option0">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">A</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
<response_label ident="Option1">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">B</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
</render_choice>
</response_lid>
</flow>
</presentation>
<resprocessing>
<outcomes>
<decvar varname="SCORE" />
</outcomes>
<respcondition title="CorrectResponse">
<conditionvar>
<varequal respident="RESPONSE-34173cb38f07f89ddbebc2ac9128303f">Option0</varequal>
</conditionvar>
<setvar varname="Respondus_Correct">5</setvar>
</respcondition>
<respcondition title="CorrectResponse">
<conditionvar>
<varequal respident="RESPONSE-c16a5320fa475530d9583c34fd356ef5">Option1</varequal>
</conditionvar>
<setvar varname="Respondus_Correct">5</setvar>
</respcondition>
</resprocessing>
<itemfeedback ident="FEEDBACK">
<solution>
<solutionmaterial>
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">Optional Feedback</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</solutionmaterial>
</solution>
</itemfeedback>
</item>
<!-- true or false question (aka multiple choice with two choices) -->
<item title="True or False question" ident="ITEM_8">
<itemmetadata>
<qtimetadata>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>qmd_itemtype</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>Logical Identifier</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>qmd_questiontype</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>True/false</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>cc_profile</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>cc.true_false.v0p1</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
<qtimetadatafield>
<fieldlabel>cc_weighting</fieldlabel>
<fieldentry>5</fieldentry>
</qtimetadatafield>
</qtimetadata>
</itemmetadata>
<presentation>
<flow>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">true</mattext>
</material>
<response_lid ident="RESPONSE8" rcardinality="Single">
<render_choice shuffle="No">
<response_label ident="ChoiceT">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">True</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
<response_label ident="ChoiceF">
<flow_mat>
<material>
<mattext texttype="text/html">False</mattext>
</material>
</flow_mat>
</response_label>
</render_choice>
</response_lid>
</flow>
</presentation>
<resprocessing>
<outcomes>
<decvar varname="SCORE" />
</outcomes>
<respcondition title="CorrectResponse">
<conditionvar>
<varequal respident="RESPONSE8">
ChoiceT </varequal>
</conditionvar>
<setvar varname="que_score" action="Set">5</setvar>
</respcondition>
</resprocessing>
</item> </section>
</assessment>
</questestinterop>
这个问题是因为存放数组的变量$question初始化为一个空字符串。
PHP7 有非常严格的变量类型验证。在 PHP7 之前，当一个变量在代码中被视为不同于其初始类型的类型时，PHP 会自动将其转换为新类型。使用 PHP7，变量在整个代码中被视为初始化类型，在这种情况下，分配给 $question 的数组值被截断以仅通过从每个数组值中获取第一个字符来组成字符串。