Django 从另一个基于 Class 的混合调用基于 Class 的混合
Django Calling Class Based Mixin from Another Class Based Mixin
我的代码有两个 mixin,BasicAuthMixin 和 JWTAuthMixin,如下所述。假设 self.authenticate 方法 returns True 并且没有引发任何异常:
from django.http import JsonResponse
from django.utils.decorators import method_decorator
from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt
from django.views.generic import View
class BasicAuthMixin(View):
"""
Add this mixin to the views where Basic Auth is required.
"""
@method_decorator(csrf_exempt)
def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
try:
self.authenticate(request)
except:
return JsonResponse({'status': 403, 'message': 'Forbidden'}, status=403, content_type='application/json')
return super(BasicAuthMixin, self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
class JWTAuthMixin(View):
"""
Add this mixin to the views where JWT based authentication is required.
"""
@method_decorator(csrf_exempt)
def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
try:
self.authenticate(request)
except:
return JsonResponse({'status': 403, 'message': 'Forbidden'}, status=403, content_type='application/json')
return super(JWTAuthMixin, self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
根据所需的身份验证。
,视图中正在使用这些 mixin
实际问题从这里开始:我正在尝试创建另一个 mixin AllAuthMixin,当包含在任何视图中时,它会自动确定需要根据提供的身份验证 Header 调用哪些 mixin:
class AllAuthMixin(View):
@method_decorator(csrf_exempt)
def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
auth = request.META.get('HTTP_AUTHORIZATION') or ''
if auth.startswith('Bearer'):
return JWTAuthMixin.as_view()(request, *args, **kwargs)
elif auth.startswith('Basic'):
return BasicAuthMixin.as_view()(request, *args, **kwargs)
raise Exception('Unauthorized Access to Saurav APIs', 403)
一旦我在任何视图中包含 AllAuthMixin 说 /test 它实际上会调用适当的 Mixins 但 returns 不允许的方法(GET):/test
我调试后发现,如果我使用基本身份验证,Method Not Allowed 错误消息来自下面一行:
return super(BasicAuthMixin, self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
以下说明了一个使用基本身份验证调用我的视图的非常简单的示例:
>>> import requests
>>> requests.get('http://127.0.0.1:8000/test', auth=('UserName', 'Password'))
<Response [405]>
我不确定自己做错了什么。任何人都可以帮我解决问题或任何替代方法来实现这一目标。我想要的是 re-use 已经声明的 mixins:BasicAuthMixn 和 JWTAuthMixin。
这里有一个设计问题,两个 mixin 都是通过拦截 dispatch
方法并调用 super
来实现的。您通过还调用 dispatch
来实现 AllAuthMixin
的方式意味着您需要将它们都放在其 MRO 和 "trick" super
中才能选择合适的,这不是一个好方法想法。
另一种实现 AllAuthMixin
的方法是不调用 dispatch
,而是实例化并调用 authenticate
:
class AllAuthMixin(View):
@method_decorator(csrf_exempt)
def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
auth = request.META.get('HTTP_AUTHORIZATION') or ''
try:
if auth.startswith('Bearer'):
JWTAuthMixin().authenticate(request) # raises on failed auth
elif auth.startswith('Basic'):
BasicAuthMixin().authenticate(request)
except:
raise Exception('Unauthorized Access to Saurav APIs', 403)
return super(AllAuthMixin, self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
重用代码的更好方法是将身份验证分离到它自己的 class 中,并制作使用它们的单独混合。这样你就可以更好地分离关注点。
类似于:
class BasicAuth(object):
def authenticate(self, request):
# raise if not authed
print("Basic auth")
class JWTAuth(object):
def authenticate(self, request):
# raise if not authed
print("JWT auth")
class AuthMixin(View):
def authenticate(self, request):
raise NotImplementedError('Implement in subclass')
@method_decorator(csrf_exempt)
def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
try:
self.authenticate(request)
except:
return JsonResponse({'status': 403, 'message': 'Forbidden'}, status=403)
return super(AuthMixin, self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
class BasicAuthMixin(BasicAuth, AuthMixin):
pass
class JWTAuthMixin(JWTAuth, AuthMixin):
pass
class AllAuthMixin(AuthMixin):
def authenticate(self, request):
auth = request.META.get('HTTP_AUTHORIZATION') or ''
try:
if auth.startswith('Bearer'):
return JWTAuth().authenticate(request)
elif auth.startswith('Basic'):
return BasicAuth().authenticate(request)
except:
return JsonResponse({'status': 403, 'message': 'Other'}, status=403)
class SomeView(AllAuthMixin, View):
def get(self, request):
return JsonResponse({'status': 200, 'message': 'OK'})
-- 原回答 --
您正在为 AllAuthMixin
中的每个混音调用 as_view
,通过调用 as_view()(request, *args, *kwargs)
您是在强制混音响应请求,但由于它没有get
method it returns 405 Method not allowed as described in the docs.
您应该调用 dispatch
并使 AllAuthMixin
从两个子 mixins 继承以正确地将 self
传递给 dispatch
。像这样:
class AllAuthMixin(JWTAuthMixin, BasicAuthMixin):
@method_decorator(csrf_exempt)
def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
auth = request.META.get('HTTP_AUTHORIZATION') or ''
if auth.startswith('Bearer'):
return JWTAuthMixin.dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs)
elif auth.startswith('Basic'):
return BasicAuthMixin.dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs)
raise Exception('Unauthorized Access to Saurav APIs', 403)
class SomeView(AllAuthMixin, View):
def get(self, request):
return JsonResponse({'status': 200, 'message': 'OK'})
我的代码有两个 mixin,BasicAuthMixin 和 JWTAuthMixin,如下所述。假设 self.authenticate 方法 returns True 并且没有引发任何异常:
from django.http import JsonResponse
from django.utils.decorators import method_decorator
from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt
from django.views.generic import View
class BasicAuthMixin(View):
"""
Add this mixin to the views where Basic Auth is required.
"""
@method_decorator(csrf_exempt)
def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
try:
self.authenticate(request)
except:
return JsonResponse({'status': 403, 'message': 'Forbidden'}, status=403, content_type='application/json')
return super(BasicAuthMixin, self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
class JWTAuthMixin(View):
"""
Add this mixin to the views where JWT based authentication is required.
"""
@method_decorator(csrf_exempt)
def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
try:
self.authenticate(request)
except:
return JsonResponse({'status': 403, 'message': 'Forbidden'}, status=403, content_type='application/json')
return super(JWTAuthMixin, self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
根据所需的身份验证。
,视图中正在使用这些 mixin实际问题从这里开始:我正在尝试创建另一个 mixin AllAuthMixin,当包含在任何视图中时,它会自动确定需要根据提供的身份验证 Header 调用哪些 mixin:
class AllAuthMixin(View):
@method_decorator(csrf_exempt)
def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
auth = request.META.get('HTTP_AUTHORIZATION') or ''
if auth.startswith('Bearer'):
return JWTAuthMixin.as_view()(request, *args, **kwargs)
elif auth.startswith('Basic'):
return BasicAuthMixin.as_view()(request, *args, **kwargs)
raise Exception('Unauthorized Access to Saurav APIs', 403)
一旦我在任何视图中包含 AllAuthMixin 说 /test 它实际上会调用适当的 Mixins 但 returns 不允许的方法(GET):/test
我调试后发现,如果我使用基本身份验证,Method Not Allowed 错误消息来自下面一行:
return super(BasicAuthMixin, self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
以下说明了一个使用基本身份验证调用我的视图的非常简单的示例:
>>> import requests
>>> requests.get('http://127.0.0.1:8000/test', auth=('UserName', 'Password'))
<Response [405]>
我不确定自己做错了什么。任何人都可以帮我解决问题或任何替代方法来实现这一目标。我想要的是 re-use 已经声明的 mixins:BasicAuthMixn 和 JWTAuthMixin。
这里有一个设计问题,两个 mixin 都是通过拦截 dispatch
方法并调用 super
来实现的。您通过还调用 dispatch
来实现 AllAuthMixin
的方式意味着您需要将它们都放在其 MRO 和 "trick" super
中才能选择合适的,这不是一个好方法想法。
另一种实现 AllAuthMixin
的方法是不调用 dispatch
,而是实例化并调用 authenticate
:
class AllAuthMixin(View):
@method_decorator(csrf_exempt)
def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
auth = request.META.get('HTTP_AUTHORIZATION') or ''
try:
if auth.startswith('Bearer'):
JWTAuthMixin().authenticate(request) # raises on failed auth
elif auth.startswith('Basic'):
BasicAuthMixin().authenticate(request)
except:
raise Exception('Unauthorized Access to Saurav APIs', 403)
return super(AllAuthMixin, self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
重用代码的更好方法是将身份验证分离到它自己的 class 中,并制作使用它们的单独混合。这样你就可以更好地分离关注点。
类似于:
class BasicAuth(object):
def authenticate(self, request):
# raise if not authed
print("Basic auth")
class JWTAuth(object):
def authenticate(self, request):
# raise if not authed
print("JWT auth")
class AuthMixin(View):
def authenticate(self, request):
raise NotImplementedError('Implement in subclass')
@method_decorator(csrf_exempt)
def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
try:
self.authenticate(request)
except:
return JsonResponse({'status': 403, 'message': 'Forbidden'}, status=403)
return super(AuthMixin, self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
class BasicAuthMixin(BasicAuth, AuthMixin):
pass
class JWTAuthMixin(JWTAuth, AuthMixin):
pass
class AllAuthMixin(AuthMixin):
def authenticate(self, request):
auth = request.META.get('HTTP_AUTHORIZATION') or ''
try:
if auth.startswith('Bearer'):
return JWTAuth().authenticate(request)
elif auth.startswith('Basic'):
return BasicAuth().authenticate(request)
except:
return JsonResponse({'status': 403, 'message': 'Other'}, status=403)
class SomeView(AllAuthMixin, View):
def get(self, request):
return JsonResponse({'status': 200, 'message': 'OK'})
-- 原回答 --
您正在为 AllAuthMixin
中的每个混音调用 as_view
,通过调用 as_view()(request, *args, *kwargs)
您是在强制混音响应请求,但由于它没有get
method it returns 405 Method not allowed as described in the docs.
您应该调用 dispatch
并使 AllAuthMixin
从两个子 mixins 继承以正确地将 self
传递给 dispatch
。像这样:
class AllAuthMixin(JWTAuthMixin, BasicAuthMixin):
@method_decorator(csrf_exempt)
def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
auth = request.META.get('HTTP_AUTHORIZATION') or ''
if auth.startswith('Bearer'):
return JWTAuthMixin.dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs)
elif auth.startswith('Basic'):
return BasicAuthMixin.dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs)
raise Exception('Unauthorized Access to Saurav APIs', 403)
class SomeView(AllAuthMixin, View):
def get(self, request):
return JsonResponse({'status': 200, 'message': 'OK'})