忽略 Codable 对象中的非 Codable 可选属性

Ignore non-Codable optional properties in Codable object

当符合Codable协议时,我不能轻易跳过可选的属性 of non-Codable class

Ride 结构中,我们要跳过 encodingdecoding of driver 属性 , 解码时直接保留 nil:

  struct Ride: Codable {

    public var number: String
    public var passenger: Passenger? // Codable conforming
    public var driver: Driver?       // NSObject subclass, doesn't conform to Codable

    enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
      case number
      case passenger
    }
  }

在这种情况下我得到一个编译错误

Type 'Driver' does not conform to protocol 'Decodable'

到目前为止,我唯一的解决方案是通过提供以下方法手动编码和解码:

public init(from decoder: Decoder) throws {
    let values = try decoder.container(keyedBy: CodingKeys.self)
    number = try? values.decode(String.self, forKey: .number)
    passenger = try? values.decode(Passenger.self, forKey: .passenger)
}

public func encode(to encoder: Encoder) throws {
    var container = encoder.container(keyedBy: CodingKeys.self)
    try container.encode(number, forKey: .number)
    try container.encode(passenger, forKey: .passenger)
}

还有其他方法可以跳过可选的 属性 吗?使用更大的模型会容易得多。

尝试为 driver 提供 默认值 。例如,在 Xcode 9.0:

上编译 而没有 错误
struct Ride: Codable {
    public var number: String
    public var passenger: Passenger? 
    public var driver: Driver? = nil

    private enum CodingKeys: String, CodingKey {
        case number
        case passenger
    }
}

struct Passenger: Codable { /* ... */ }

class Driver: NSObject { /* ... */ }

快速测试:

let rideJSON =
"""
{
    "number": "123"
}
""".data(using: .utf8)!

let ride = try! JSONDecoder().decode(Ride.self, from: rideJSON)
print(ride) /* Ride(number: "123", passenger: nil, driver: nil) */

顺便说一句,我使用了 private CodingKeys 因为这也是编译器默认做的 ;)