如何从 ruby 中就地编辑 ruby 文件 (Rakefile)?

How can I edit a ruby file (Rakefile) in place from within ruby?

我不确定问题标题是否有意义,但这就是我正在尝试做的事情。

我有一个包含数组的 Rakefile。我希望能够使用另一个 ruby 脚本来读取 Rakefile,向该数组添加一些内容,对其进行排序,然后将其写回到 Rakefile 中。

在伪代码中,这就是我本质上想要实现的目标:

rake_file = load file('Rakefile')
rake_file.array += 'new data'
rake_file.array.sort!
file.write Rakefile

Rakefile 包含许多数组和任务,所以我不能像对待普通文本文件一样对待它,只是将一个值附加到文件并排序,因此我的想法是加载它并像上面那样编辑数组.

这可能吗?

I can't treat it like a regular text file

然后您需要学习 ANTLR,创建 Ruby 语法,生成解析器,并编写 Java 或 C# 或 Python 树遍历器来编辑您的数组。简单:-)

我想到了一个快速简单的解决方案。该数组保存在一个文件中,比如 array_source.rb :

    a = [1, 5, 10, 15]

此文件可以手动编辑,或者,如果您需要以编程方式生成数据,则使用脚本创建,例如 create_array_source.rb :

# update the file containing the array of data in text representation

array_source_name = 'array_source.rb'

a = [1, 5, 10, 15]
# add new data
[2, 6, 11, 16].each { | e | a << e }
puts a.join(' ')

# Write it to a file
File.open(array_source_name, 'w') do | out |
    # to avoid a very long single line, the data is pretty printed
    groups = []
    a.sort.each_slice(4) { | slice | groups << slice.join(', ') }
    out.puts '    ['
    out.print '     '
    out.puts groups.join(",\n     ")
    out.puts '    ]'
end

puts "#{array_source_name} has been created"

执行:

$ ruby -w create_array_source.rb 
1 5 10 15 2 6 11 16
array_source.rb has been created

文件 array_source.rb 在 :

之后
    [
     1, 2, 5, 6,
     10, 11, 15, 16
    ]

在 Rakefile 中,要更新的数组位于两个特定标记之间:

task :default => [:ta, :tb] do
end

task :ta do
    # $$insert array after$$
    a = [1, 5, 10, 15]
    # $$insert array before$$
    # do something with a
end

task :tb do
    # do something
end

因此很容易编写将其作为文本文件处理的脚本,将行分成两部分:

  • 从开始到 "insert after" 标记
  • 从"insert before"标记到结束

然后通过连接第一部分、数组和第二部分来重写文件:

# modify a specific array in a Rakefile

rakefile_name     = 'Rakefile'
array_source_name = 'array_source.rb'
lines = IO.readlines(rakefile_name)
insert_marker_after_seen  = false
insert_marker_before_seen = false
lines1 = []
lines2 = IO.readlines(array_source_name)
lines3 = []

# split the Rakefile
lines.each do | line |
    case
    when insert_marker_after_seen == false
        lines1 << line

        if line.include?('$$insert array after$$')
        then
            insert_marker_after_seen = true
        end
    when ! insert_marker_before_seen
        # ignore array lines

        if line.include?('$$insert array before$$')
        then
            insert_marker_before_seen = true
            lines3 << line
        end
    else
        lines3 << line
    end
end

# Rewrite the Rakefile
File.open(rakefile_name, 'w') do | out |
    [ lines1, lines2, lines3 ].each do | lines_group |
        lines_group.each { | line | out.puts line }
    end
end

puts "#{rakefile_name} has been updated with #{array_source_name}"

执行:

$ ruby -w modify_rakefile.rb 
Rakefile has been updated with array_source.rb

Rakefile 之后:

task :default => [:ta, :tb] do
end

task :ta do
    # $$insert array after$$
    [
     1, 2, 5, 6,
     10, 11, 15, 16
    ]
    # $$insert array before$$
    # do something with a
end

task :tb do
    # do something
end