如何从锯齿状的二维数组中删除一行和一列？

Question

假设我有一个看起来像这样的 array:

{{1,3,5,7},{2,4,6,8,10,12},{2,3,5,7,11,13,17}}

我应该如何在 Java 中创建一个与此完全相同的新数组，只是删除了一行和一列？

我可以使用偶数大小的数组执行此任务，但锯齿状数组给我带来了一些麻烦。我想先创建一个未指定列数的新数组，但我该从那里去哪里？

/**
 * Creates a new array that is a copy of the input matrix,
 * except that one row and one column have been altered.
 * Precondition: the row index is between 0 (inclusive)
 * and the number of rows of matrix (not inclusive)
 *
 * @param matrix the input two dimensional array
 * @param row    the index of the row to remove
 * @param col    the index of the column to remove
 */
public static int[][] removeRowAndCol(int[][] matrix, int row, int col) {
    int[][] altered = new int[(matrix.length - 1)][];
    int x = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < matrix.length; i++) {
        if (matrix[i].length < col + 1 && i != row) {
            altered[x] = new int[matrix[i].length];
            for (int j = 0; j < altered[x].length; j++) {
                altered[x][j] = matrix[i][j];
            }
            if (x < matrix.length - 1) {
                x++;
            }
        } else if (matrix[i].length > col && i != row) {
            altered[x] = new int[matrix[i].length - 1];
            int y = 0;
            for (int z = 0; z < matrix[i].length - 1; z++) {
                if (z != col) {
                    altered[x][y] = matrix[i][z];
                    y++;
                } else {
                    z--;
                }
            }
            if (x < matrix.length - 1) {
                x++;
            }
        }
    }
    return altered;
}

当运行测试用例如：

removeRowAndCol(new int[][]{{1, 2}, {3, 4}}, 1, 1)

方法returns{{1}}正确。

然而，像这样的东西：

int[][] array = {{1,2,3,4},{11,12,13,14,15,16},{21,22,23,24},{31,32,33}};
removeRowAndCol(array, 0, 0)
removeRowAndCol(array, 2, 3)

该方法会冻结。

有人可以看一下代码并告诉我哪里做错了吗？

Answer 1

二维数组，无论是否有锯齿，都比其他任何东西更像是数组的数组。您必须手动创建每一行，因此您可以为每一行选择任意大小。

import java.util.Arrays;

public class Temp {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int[][] jagged = {{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6, 7, 8}, {9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16}};
        System.out.println("Jagged: " + Arrays.deepToString(jagged));
        System.out.println("Smaller 1: " + Arrays.deepToString(removeRowAndCol(jagged, 0, 0)));
        System.out.println("Smaller 2: " + Arrays.deepToString(removeRowAndCol(jagged, 1, 1)));
        System.out.println("Smaller 3: " + Arrays.deepToString(removeRowAndCol(jagged, 2, 2)));
    }

    private static int[][] removeRowAndCol(int[][] jagged, int i, int j) {
        int[][] smaller = new int[jagged.length - 1][];

        // WARN: outofbounds checks are not implemented!
        for (int smallerI = 0; smallerI < smaller.length; smallerI++) {
            int sourcedI = smallerI;
            if (smallerI >= i) {
                sourcedI++;
            }

            smaller[smallerI] = new int[jagged[sourcedI].length - 1];

            for (int smallerJ = 0; smallerJ < smaller[smallerI].length; smallerJ++) {
                int sourcedJ = smallerJ;
                if (smallerJ >= j) {
                    sourcedJ++;
                }
                smaller[smallerI][smallerJ] = jagged[sourcedI][sourcedJ];
            }
        }

        return smaller;
    }
}

输出：

Jagged: [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6, 7, 8], [9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16]]
Smaller 1: [[5, 6, 7, 8], [10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16]]
Smaller 2: [[1, 3], [9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16]]
Smaller 3: [[1, 2], [4, 5, 7, 8]]

Answer 2

您可以使用streams 重新排列二维数组的行和数组本身，无需一行一列。这个数组是锯齿状的还是矩形的并不重要。并且你可以摆脱不必要的条件，即要删除的行和列应该存在。

Try it online!

/**
 * Creates a new array that is a copy of the input matrix,
 * except that one row and one column were removed if present.
 *
 * @param matrix the input two-dimensional array.
 * @param row    the index of the row to remove.
 * @param col    the index of the column to remove.
 * @return new two-dimensional array.
 */
public static int[][] removeRowAndCol(int[][] matrix, int row, int col) {
    return IntStream
            // iterate over the indexes
            // of rows of the matrix
            .range(0, matrix.length)
            // filter out the row to remove
            .filter(i -> i != row)
            // rearrange the remaining rows
            .mapToObj(i -> IntStream
                    // iterate over the indexes
                    // of columns of the matrix
                    .range(0, matrix[i].length)
                    // filter out the column to remove
                    .filter(j -> j != col)
                    // take the cell value
                    .map(j -> matrix[i][j])
                    // rearrange the row
                    .toArray())
            // rearrange the matrix
            .toArray(int[][]::new);
}

public static void main(String[] args) {
    int[][] arr1 = {{1,2},{3,4}};
    int[][] arr2 = {{1,3,5,7},{2,4,6,8,10,12},{2,3,5,7,11,13,17}};
    int[][] arr3 = {{1,2,3,4},{11,12,13,14,15,16},{21,22,23,24},{31,32,33}};

    System.out.println(Arrays.deepToString(removeRowAndCol(arr1, -1, 1)));
    System.out.println(Arrays.deepToString(removeRowAndCol(arr2, 2, 3)));
    System.out.println(Arrays.deepToString(removeRowAndCol(arr3, 3, -1)));
}

输出：

[[1], [3]]
[[1, 3, 5], [2, 4, 6, 10, 12]]
[[1, 2, 3, 4], [11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16], [21, 22, 23, 24]]

如何从锯齿状的二维数组中删除一行和一列？

How do I remove a row and a column from a jagged 2d array?

java

arrays

matrix

multidimensional-array

jagged-arrays