未解决的参考：使用 @ExtendWith 注释的 SpringExtension

Question

我正在尝试在 SpringBoot 中使用 Junit 5，以便利用它提供的许多新功能。基本设置有效，我可以使用新的注释，例如 @BeforeAll 和 @AfterAll 但是，我相信因为我无法解析 @ExtendWith(SpringExtension::class) 我无法初始化我的测试 class 以利用注入的资源。我已尝试将所需的依赖项添加到我的 build.gradle 文件中，但我认为我缺少关键依赖项：

buildscript {

ext.dokka_version = '0.9.15'
ext.dockerVersion = '1.2'
ext.junit4Version = '4.12'
ext.junitVintageVersion = '4.12.2'
ext.junitPlatformVersion = '1.0.2'
ext.junitJupiterVersion = '5.0.2'
ext.kotlin_version = '1.1.60'
ext.log4jVersion = '2.9.0'
ext.springVersion = '1.5.8.RELEASE'

repositories {
    mavenCentral()
    jcenter()
}

dependencies {
    // Needed for the 'kotlin' plugin
    classpath("org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-gradle-plugin:${kotlin_version}")
    // Needed for the 'org.springframework.boot' plugin
    classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:${springVersion}")
    // Needed for the 'kotlin-spring' plugin
    classpath("org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-allopen:${kotlin_version}")
    //Needed for 'docker' plugin
    classpath("se.transmode.gradle:gradle-docker:${dockerVersion}")
    //Needed for 'dokka' plugin
    classpath("org.jetbrains.dokka:dokka-gradle-plugin:${dokka_version}")
    // Needed for Junit 5
    classpath("org.junit.platform:junit-platform-gradle-plugin:${junitPlatformVersion}")
}

}

// Allows us to compile Kotlin files
apply plugin: 'kotlin'
// Does some extra work to set up Spring Boot.
// Specifically this gives us the "bootRun" task we will be using
apply plugin: 'org.springframework.boot'
// Allows for improved interoperability between Kotlin and Spring
apply plugin: 'kotlin-spring'
// Allows us to create docker image
apply plugin: 'docker'
//Allows us to create API documentation
apply plugin: 'org.jetbrains.dokka'

apply plugin: 'idea'

apply plugin: 'java'

apply plugin: 'org.junit.platform.gradle.plugin'


junitPlatform {
    // platformVersion '1.0.2'
    filters {
        engines {
            // include 'junit-jupiter', 'junit-vintage'
            // exclude 'custom-engine'
        }
        tags {
            // include 'fast'
            exclude 'slow'
        }
        // includeClassNamePattern '.*Test'
    }
    // enableStandardTestTask true
    // reportsDir file('build/test-results/junit-platform') // this is the default
    //logManager 'org.apache.logging.log4j.jul.LogManager'
}

task buildDocker(type: Docker, dependsOn: [build, dokka]) {
    applicationName = jar.baseName
    dockerfile = file('Dockerfile')
    doFirst {
        copy {
            from jar
            into stageDir
        }
    }
}

dokka {
    outputFormat = 'html'
    outputDirectory = $buildDir / doc
}

repositories {
    mavenCentral()
}

compileJava {
    sourceCompatibility = 1.8
    targetCompatibility = 1.8
}

compileTestJava {
    sourceCompatibility = 1.8
    targetCompatibility = 1.8
    options.compilerArgs += '-parameters'
}

dependencies {
// JPA and H2
compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-data-jpa")
compile("com.h2database:h2")

compile "org.hibernate:hibernate-entitymanager:5.2.10.Final"
compile "org.hibernate:hibernate-core:5.2.10.Final"

compile "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jre8:$kotlin_version"

compile "org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.7.25"

// Kotlin Dependencies
compile "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib:$kotlin_version"
compile "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-reflect:$kotlin_version"
testCompile "org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-test-junit:$kotlin_version"

testCompile "org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test"
//testCompile "org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test" {
//    exclude(module = "junit")
//}
// Mockito
//testCompile "org.mockito:mockito-core:2.11.0"
//testCompile "com.nhaarman:mockito-kotlin-kt1.1:1.5.0"

//AssertJ
testCompile 'org.assertj:assertj-core:3.8.0'

// JUnit Jupiter API and TestEngine implementation
testCompile("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-api:${junitJupiterVersion}")
testCompile("org.junit.platform:juint-platform-runner:${junitPlatformVersion}")
testRuntime("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-engine:${junitJupiterVersion}")

// Only needed to run tests in an (IntelliJ) IDE(A) that bundles an older version
testRuntime("org.junit.platform:junit-platform-launcher:${junitPlatformVersion}")

// If you also want to support JUnit 3 and JUnit 4 tests
//testCompile ("junit:junit:${junit4Version}")
//testRuntime ("org.junit.vintage:junit-vintage-engine:${junitVintageVersion}")

// To avoid compiler warnings about @API annotations in JUnit code
testCompileOnly("org.apiguardian:apiguardian-api:1.0.0")

// Spring Dependencies
compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web") {
    exclude module: "spring-boot-starter-tomcat"
}
compile "org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-jetty"
compile "org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-actuator"

// Jackson Dependencies
compile "com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations"
compile "com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core"
compile "com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind"
runtime "com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype:jackson-datatype-jdk8"
runtime "com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype:jackson-datatype-jsr310"
runtime "com.fasterxml.jackson.module:jackson-module-kotlin"
}

configurations.all {
    exclude group: "org.slf4j", module: "slf4j-log4j12"
    exclude group: "log4j", module: "log4j"
}

task wrapper(type: Wrapper) {
    gradleVersion = "4.3"
}

Answer 1

我没有在您的 build.gradle 中的任何地方看到声明的 spring-test-junit5 依赖项。根据 docs for the JUnit 5 Spring extension:

If you'd like to build against a release tag for spring-test-junit5, you may be interested in using JitPack. For example, to build against the 1.0.2 tag, the following Maven coordinates will work.

Group ID: com.github.sbrannen
Artifact ID: spring-test-junit5
Version: 1.0.2

JitPack with Gradle

repositories {
    mavenCentral()
    maven { url 'https://jitpack.io' }
}

// ...

dependencies {
    // ...
    testCompile('com.github.sbrannen:spring-test-junit5:1.0.2')
    // ...
}

更新：

摘自以下评论（由JUnit5Spring扩展作者提供）：

If you are using spring-test from Spring Framework 5.x, you do not need the spring-test-junit5 artifact (which is only for Spring Framework 4.3.x)

Answer 2

我缺少以下依赖项：

dependencies {
    compile 'org.springframework:spring-context:5.0.1.RELEASE'
}

由于我的build.gradle，最终出现了很多依赖不匹配的情况。确保所有 spring 模块都派生自 5.0。1.RELEASE 我发现一些来自以前版本的模块导致了不同的错误。我最终定义了我的版本：

    ext {
    antJunitVersion = '1.9.7'
    assertjcoreVersion = '3.8.0'
    apiguardianVersion = '1.0.0'
    dokkaVersion = '0.9.15'
    dockerVersion = '1.2'
    h2Version = '1.4.196'
    hibernateVersion = '5.2.12.Final'
    jacksonVersion = '2.9.1'
    junit4Version = '4.12'
    junitVintageVersion = '4.12.2'
    junitPlatformVersion = '1.0.2'
    junitJupiterVersion = '5.0.2'
    kotlinVersion = '1.1.60'
    log4jVersion = '2.9.1'
    springVersion = '5.0.1.RELEASE'
    springBootVersion = '1.5.8.RELEASE'
    slf4jVersion = '1.7.25'
}

然后将它们声明为显式依赖项

// Spring Dependencies
compile("org.springframework:spring-webmvc:${springVersion}")
compile("org.springframework:spring-web:${springVersion}")
compile("org.springframework:spring-aspects:${springVersion}")
compile("org.springframework:spring-aop:${springVersion}")
compile("org.springframework:spring-orm:${springVersion}")
compile("org.springframework:spring-jdbc:${springVersion}")
compile("org.springframework:spring-tx:${springVersion}")
compile("org.springframework:spring-beans:${springVersion}")
compile("org.springframework:spring-expression:${springVersion}")
compile("org.springframework:spring-core:${springVersion}")
compile("org.springframework:spring-context:${springVersion}")
compile("org.springframework:spring-test:${springVersion}")
compile("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web:${springBootVersion}") {
    exclude module: "spring-boot-starter-tomcat"
}
compile "org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-jetty:${springBootVersion}"
compile "org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-actuator:${springBootVersion}"

未解决的参考：使用 @ExtendWith 注释的 SpringExtension

Unresolved reference: SpringExtension using @ExtendWith annotation

junit

gradle

kotlin

spring-boot

junit5