node.js 使用 async 的异步回调

Question

总而言之，我在 node.js 中为异步回调而苦苦挣扎。我正在尝试发出两个 HTTP 请求，并在最后以单独的变量显示从这两个请求返回的数据。我正在尝试使用 npm-async，但无法正确设置它。

如有任何帮助或建议，我们将不胜感激。

这是我的代码：

// MODULES - INCLUDES
var xml2js = require('xml2js');
var parser = new xml2js.Parser();
var async = require('async');

// FORM - DATA COLLECTION
var cucmpub = 'xxxx';
var cucmversion = 'xxxx';
var username = 'xxxx';
var password = 'xxxx';

// JS - VARIABLE DEFINITION - GLOBAL
var authentication = username + ":" + password;
var soapreplyx = '';
var cssx = null;
var spacer = '-----';
var rmline1 = '';
var rmline2 = '';
var rmline3 = '';
var rmline4 = '';
var rmbottomup1 = '';
var rmbottomup2 = '';
var rmbottomup3 = '';
var soapreplyp = '';
var partitionsx = null;
var rmline1p = '';
var rmline2p = '';
var rmline3p = '';
var rmline4p = '';
var rmbottomup1p = '';
var rmbottomup2p = '';
var rmbottomup3p = '';

// HTTP.REQUEST - BUILD CALL - GLOBAL
var https = require("https");
var headers = {
    'SoapAction': 'CUCM:DB ver=' + cucmversion + ' listCss',
    'Authorization': 'Basic ' + new Buffer(authentication).toString('base64'),
    'Content-Type': 'text/xml; charset=utf-8'
};

// SOAP - AXL CALL - CSS
var soapBody = new Buffer('<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:ns="http://www.cisco.com/AXL/API/11.5">' +
    '<soapenv:Header/>' +
    '<soapenv:Body>' +
    '<ns:listCss sequence="?">' +
    '<searchCriteria>' +
    '<name>%</name>' +
    '</searchCriteria>' +
    '<returnedTags uuid="?">' +
    '<name>?</name>' +
    '<description>?</description>' +
    '<clause>?</clause>' +
    '</returnedTags>' +
    '</ns:listCss>' +
    '</soapenv:Body>' +
    '</soapenv:Envelope>');

// SOAP - AXL CALL - PARTITIONS
var soapBody2 = new Buffer('<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:ns="http://www.cisco.com/AXL/API/11.5">' +
    '<soapenv:Header/>' +
    '<soapenv:Body>' +
    '<ns:listRoutePartition sequence="?">' +
    '<searchCriteria>' +
    '<name>%</name>' +
    '</searchCriteria>' +
    '<returnedTags uuid="?">' +
    '<name>?</name>' +
    '</returnedTags>' +
    '</ns:listRoutePartition>' +
    '</soapenv:Body>' +
    '</soapenv:Envelope>');

// HTTP.REQUEST - OPTIONS - GLOBAL
var options = {
    host: cucmpub, // IP ADDRESS OF CUCM PUBLISHER
    port: 8443, // DEFAULT CISCO SSL PORT
    path: '/axl/', // AXL URL
    method: 'POST', // AXL REQUIREMENT OF POST
    headers: headers, // HEADER VAR
    rejectUnauthorized: false // REQUIRED TO ACCEPT SELF-SIGNED CERTS
};

// HTTP.REQUEST - GLOBAL (Doesn't seem to need this line, but it might be useful anyway for pooling?)
options.agent = new https.Agent(options);


async.series([
    function (callback) {

        // HTTP.REQUEST - OPEN SESSION - CSS
        var soapRequest = https.request(options, soapResponse => {
            soapResponse.setEncoding('utf8');
            soapResponse.on('data', chunk => {
                soapreplyx += chunk
            });
            // HTTP.REQUEST - RESULTS + RENDER
            soapResponse.on('end', () => {

                // EDIT - SCRUB XML OUTPUT
                var rmline1 = soapreplyx.replace(/<\?xml\sversion='1\.0'\sencoding='utf-8'\?>/g, '');
                var rmline2 = rmline1.replace(/<soapenv:Envelope\sxmlns:soapenv="http:\/\/schemas.xmlsoap.org\/soap\/envelope\/">/g, '');
                var rmline3 = rmline2.replace(/<soapenv:Body>/g, '');
                var rmline4 = rmline3.replace(/<ns:listCssResponse\sxmlns:ns="http:\/\/www\.cisco\.com\/AXL\/API\/[0-9]*\.[0-9]">/g, '');
                var rmbottomup1 = rmline4.replace(/<\/soapenv:Envelope>/g, '');
                var rmbottomup2 = rmbottomup1.replace(/<\/soapenv:Body>/g, '');
                var xmlscrubbed = rmbottomup2.replace(/<\/ns:listCssResponse>/g, '');
                // console.log(xmlscrubbed);
                // console.log(spacer);

                // XML2JS - TESTING
                parser.parseString(xmlscrubbed, function (err, result) {
                    var cssx = result['return']['css'];
                    callback(err, cssx);
                    // console.log(cssx);
                    // console.log(spacer);
                });
            });
        });

        // SOAP - SEND AXL CALL - CSS
        soapRequest.write(soapBody);
        soapRequest.end();
    },
    function (callback) {
        // SOAP - SEND AXL CALL - PARTITIONS
        var soapRequest2 = https.request(options, soapResponse2 => {
            soapResponse2.setEncoding('utf8');
            soapResponse2.on('data', chunk => {
                soapreplyp += chunk
            });
            // HTTP.REQUEST - RESULTS + RENDER
            soapResponse2.on('end', () => {
                console.log(soapreplyp);

                // EDIT - SCRUB XML OUTPUT
                var rmline1p = soapreplyp.replace(/<\?xml\sversion='1\.0'\sencoding='utf-8'\?>/g, '');
                var rmline2p = rmline1.replace(/<soapenv:Envelope\sxmlns:soapenv="http:\/\/schemas.xmlsoap.org\/soap\/envelope\/">/g, '');
                var rmline3p = rmline2.replace(/<soapenv:Body>/g, '');
                var rmline4p = rmline3.replace(/<ns:listRoutePartition\sxmlns:ns="http:\/\/www\.cisco\.com\/AXL\/API\/[0-9]*\.[0-9]">/g, '');
                var rmbottomup1p = rmline4.replace(/<\/soapenv:Envelope>/g, '');
                var rmbottomup2p = rmbottomup1.replace(/<\/soapenv:Body>/g, '');
                var xmlscrubbedp = rmbottomup2.replace(/<\/ns:listRoutePartition>/g, '');
                console.log(xmlscrubbedp);
                console.log(spacer);

                // XML2JS - TESTING
                parser.parseString(xmlscrubbedp, function (err, result) {
                    var partitionsx = result['return']['css'];
                    callback(err, partitionsx);
                    //   console.log(partitionsx);
                    //   console.log(spacer);
                });
            });
        });
        // SOAP - SEND AXL CALL - PARTITIONS
        soapRequest2.write(soapBody2);
        soapRequest2.end();
    },

    function (err, results) {
        console.log(cssx);
        console.log(partitionsx);
    }
]);

-----更新 1-----

好的，我已经更新了我的代码；我想我明白了！感谢你们两位帮助我度过难关！好吧，这不是你推荐的 @Chris Phillips。我希望能够单独显示结果而不是全部合并。我查找了将 Promises 链接在一起并找到了这篇文章：。那提到了如何"Nest, so all Previous Results Can Be Accessed"。这对我有用。

此外，一旦我开始思考请求-承诺框架，那真的很容易，而且看起来比常规 http.request 框架好很多。

这是新代码！

// MODULES - INCLUDES
var xml2js = require('xml2js');
var parser = new xml2js.Parser();
var rp = require('request-promise');

// FORM - DATA COLLECTION
var cucmpub = 'xxxx';
var cucmversion = 'xxxx';
var username = 'xxxx';
var password = 'xxxx';

// JS - VARIABLE DEFINITION - GLOBAL
var authentication = username + ":" + password;
var cssx = null;
var partitionsx = null;
var spacer = '-----';

// CSS - JS - VARIABLE DEFINITION
var cssrmline1 = '';
var cssrmline2 = '';
var cssrmline3 = '';
var cssrmline4 = '';
var cssrmbottomup1 = '';
var cssrmbottomup2 = '';

// CSS - SOAP - AXL REQUEST
var cssaxlrequest = new Buffer('<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:ns="http://www.cisco.com/AXL/API/11.5">' +
    '<soapenv:Header/>' +
    '<soapenv:Body>' +
    '<ns:listCss sequence="?">' +
    '<searchCriteria>' +
    '<name>%</name>' +
    '</searchCriteria>' +
    '<returnedTags uuid="?">' +
    '<name>?</name>' +
    '<description>?</description>' +
    '<clause>?</clause>' +
    '</returnedTags>' +
    '</ns:listCss>' +
    '</soapenv:Body>' +
    '</soapenv:Envelope>');

// CSS - HTTP - REQUEST BUILD
var csshttprequest = {
    method: 'POST',
    uri: 'https://' + cucmpub + ':8443/axl/',
    rejectUnauthorized: false,
    headers: {
        'SoapAction': 'CUCM:DB ver=' + cucmversion + ' listCss',
        'Authorization': 'Basic ' + new Buffer(authentication).toString('base64'),
        'Content-Type': 'text/xml; charset=utf-8',
    },
    body: cssaxlrequest,
};

// PARTITIONS - JS - VARIABLE DEFINITION
var partitionsrmline1 = '';
var partitionsrmline2 = '';
var partitionsrmline3 = '';
var partitionsrmline4 = '';
var partitionsrmbottomup1 = '';

// PARTITIONS - SOAP - AXL REQUEST
var partitionsaxlrequest = new Buffer('<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:ns="http://www.cisco.com/AXL/API/11.5">' +
    '<soapenv:Header/>' +
    '<soapenv:Body>' +
    '<ns:listRoutePartition sequence="?">' +
    '<searchCriteria>' +
    '<name>%</name>' +
    '</searchCriteria>' +
    '<returnedTags uuid="?">' +
    '<name>?</name>' +
    '</returnedTags>' +
    '</ns:listRoutePartition>' +
    '</soapenv:Body>' +
    '</soapenv:Envelope>');

// PARTITIONS - HTTP - REQUEST BUILD
var partitionshttprequest = {
    method: 'POST',
    uri: 'https://' + cucmpub + ':8443/axl/',
    rejectUnauthorized: false,
    headers: {
        'SoapAction': 'CUCM:DB ver=' + cucmversion + ' listRoutePartition',
        'Authorization': 'Basic ' + new Buffer(authentication).toString('base64'),
        'Content-Type': 'text/xml; charset=utf-8',
    },
    body: partitionsaxlrequest,
};

// CHAINED REQUESTS + OUTPUT
rp(csshttprequest)
    .then(function (resultcss) {
        var cssrmline1 = resultcss.replace(/<\?xml\sversion='1\.0'\sencoding='utf-8'\?>/g, '');
        var cssrmline2 = cssrmline1.replace(/<soapenv:Envelope\sxmlns:soapenv="http:\/\/schemas.xmlsoap.org\/soap\/envelope\/">/g, '');
        var cssrmline3 = cssrmline2.replace(/<soapenv:Body>/g, '');
        var cssrmline4 = cssrmline3.replace(/<ns:listCssResponse\sxmlns:ns="http:\/\/www\.cisco\.com\/AXL\/API\/[0-9]*\.[0-9]">/g, '');
        var cssrmbottomup1 = cssrmline4.replace(/<\/soapenv:Envelope>/g, '');
        var cssrmbottomup2 = cssrmbottomup1.replace(/<\/soapenv:Body>/g, '');
        var cssxmlscrubbed = cssrmbottomup2.replace(/<\/ns:listCssResponse>/g, '');
        parser.parseString(cssxmlscrubbed, function (err, result) {
            var cssx = result['return']['css'];
            // console.log(cssx);
            // console.log(spacer);
            return rp(partitionshttprequest)
                .then(function (resultpartitions) {
                    var partitionsrmline1 = resultpartitions.replace(/<\?xml\sversion='1\.0'\sencoding='utf-8'\?>/g, '');
                    var partitionsrmline2 = partitionsrmline1.replace(/<soapenv:Envelope\sxmlns:soapenv="http:\/\/schemas.xmlsoap.org\/soap\/envelope\/">/g, '');
                    var partitionsrmline3 = partitionsrmline2.replace(/<soapenv:Body>/g, '');
                    var partitionsrmline4 = partitionsrmline3.replace(/<ns:listRoutePartitionResponse\sxmlns:ns="http:\/\/www\.cisco\.com\/AXL\/API\/[0-9]*\.[0-9]">/g, '');
                    var partitionsrmbottomup1 = partitionsrmline4.replace(/<\/soapenv:Envelope>/g, '');
                    var partitionsrmbottomup2 = partitionsrmbottomup1.replace(/<\/soapenv:Body>/g, '');
                    var partitionsxmlscrubbed = partitionsrmbottomup2.replace(/<\/ns:listRoutePartitionResponse>/g, '');
                    parser.parseString(partitionsxmlscrubbed, function (err, result) {
                        var partitionsx = result['return']['routePartition'];
                        console.log(cssx);
                        console.log(spacer);
                        console.log(partitionsx);
                    });
                })
        });
    })

Answer 1

好吧，您可以使用 request-promise 库来进行 http 调用，这样它就会变成类似的东西（有点粗糙，省略了错误处理）

const request = require("request-promise");

const options1 = {
 //.. set URL, headers etc
};

request(options1).then ( body => {

   // do processing for request 1
   return [results1];
}).then( results => {
    return request(options2).then ( body => {
      //do processing for request 2
      results.push(results2);
      return results;
   });

})
.then((results) => {
});

如果您使用的是 8.x 或更高版本的节点，您可以使用 async/await 来执行类似

的操作

let resp1 = await request(options1);

//process resp1

let resp2 = await request(options2);

// process resp2

let results = [resp1, resp2];

我建议将您所有的请求制作代码移动到一个函数中，以便您可以更轻松地重复使用它。

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