E: 无法定位软件包 npm
E: Unable to locate package npm
当我尝试使用 sudo apt-get install npm 安装 npm 时，出现以下错误：
E: Unable to locate package npm
为什么找不到 npm？我正在使用 Debian 9 并且已经 运行
sudo apt-get install nodejs
如果你安装了nodejs，那么你也安装了npm。 npm 自带 node.
我 运行 在 Debian 9.2 上遇到了同样的问题，这就是我克服它的方法。
安装
sudo apt install curl
curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_6.x | sudo bash -
sudo apt-get install -y nodejs
sudo apt-get install -y npm
检查安装的版本
node --version
npm --version
最初来自"How to install Node.js LTS on Debian 9 stretch"
http://linuxbsdos.com/2017/06/26/how-to-install-node-js-lts-on-debian-9-stretch/
来自官方Node.js文档：
A Node.js package is also available in the official repo for Debian Sid (unstable), Jessie (testing) and Wheezy (wheezy-backports) as "nodejs". It only installs a nodejs binary.
因此，如果您只键入 sudo apt-get install nodejs ，它不会安装其他好东西，例如 npm.
您需要输入：
curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_14.x | sudo -E bash -
sudo apt-get install -y nodejs
Optional: install build tools
To compile and install native add-ons from npm you may also need to install build tools:
sudo apt-get install -y build-essential
更多信息：Docs NodeJs
这将解决您的错误。 运行 在您的终端中执行这些命令。这些命令将添加旧版本。您可以稍后更新它们，也可以在 运行 这些命令一条一条之前在这里更改版本。
sudo apt-get install build-essential
wget http://nodejs.org/dist/v0.8.16/node-v0.8.16.tar.gz
tar -xzf node-v0.8.16.tar.gz
cd node-v0.8.16/
./configure
make
sudo make install
您的系统找不到 npm 包，因为您还没有将 nodejs 存储库添加到您的系统..
尝试按照以下安装步骤操作：
将 nodejs PPA 存储库添加到我们的系统和 python 软件属性
sudo apt-get install curl python-software-properties
// sudo apt-get install curl software-properties-common
curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_10.x | sudo bash -
sudo apt-get update
然后安装npm
sudo apt-get install nodejs
检查 npm 和 node 是否已安装，您是否已准备好使用 node.js
node -v
npm -v
If someone was failed to install nodejs.. Try remove the npm first,
maybe the old installation was broken..
sudo apt-get remove nodejs
sudo apt-get remove npm
检查 npm 或 node 文件夹是否仍然存在，如果找到则将其删除
which node
which npm
在 Ubuntu 中遇到此问题 Windows，先尝试 运行
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
然后
sudo apt-get install npm
使用以下方式下载存储库密钥：
curl -s https://deb.nodesource.com/gpgkey/nodesource.gpg.key | apt-key add -
然后设置存储库：
sudo sh -c "echo deb https://deb.nodesource.com/node_8.x cosmic main \
> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nodesource.list"
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nodejs
对于 Debian Stretch（Debian 版本 9），nodejs 不包含 npm，要将其作为单独的软件包安装，您必须启用 stretch-backports.
echo 'deb http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch-backports main' |
sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/stretch-backports.list
apt-get update -y
apt-get -t stretch-backports install -y npm
在 Buster (Debian 10) 中，npm 是一个常规软件包，所以今后，这应该可以正常工作。但我们中的一些人在未来一段时间内仍会部分卡在 Stretch boxes 上。
在我的 jenkins/jenkins docker sudo 总是产生错误：
bash: sudo: command not found
我需要更新回购列表：
curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_10.x | apt-get update
然后，
apt-get install nodejs
所有命令行结果如下：
root@76e6f92724d1:/# curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_10.x | apt-get update
Ign:1 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch InRelease
Get:2 http://security.debian.org/debian-security stretch/updates InRelease [94.3 kB]
Get:3 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch-updates InRelease [91.0 kB]
Get:4 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch Release [118 kB]
Get:5 http://security.debian.org/debian-security stretch/updates/main amd64 Packages [520 kB]
Get:6 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch-updates/main amd64 Packages [27.9 kB]
Get:8 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch Release.gpg [2410 B]
Get:9 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch/main amd64 Packages [7083 kB]
Get:7 https://packagecloud.io/github/git-lfs/debian stretch InRelease [23.2 kB]
Get:10 https://packagecloud.io/github/git-lfs/debian stretch/main amd64 Packages [4675 B]
Fetched 7965 kB in 20s (393 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
root@76e6f92724d1:/# apt-get install nodejs
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
libicu57 libuv1
The following NEW packages will be installed:
libicu57 libuv1 nodejs
0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 11.2 MB of archives.
After this operation, 45.2 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch/main amd64 libicu57 amd64 57.1-6+deb9u3 [7705 kB]
Get:2 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch/main amd64 libuv1 amd64 1.9.1-3 [84.4 kB]
Get:3 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch/main amd64 nodejs amd64 4.8.2~dfsg-1 [3440 kB]
Fetched 11.2 MB in 26s (418 kB/s)
debconf: delaying package configuration, since apt-utils is not installed
Selecting previously unselected package libicu57:amd64.
(Reading database ... 12488 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libicu57_57.1-6+deb9u3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libicu57:amd64 (57.1-6+deb9u3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libuv1:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../libuv1_1.9.1-3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libuv1:amd64 (1.9.1-3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package nodejs.
Preparing to unpack .../nodejs_4.8.2~dfsg-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking nodejs (4.8.2~dfsg-1) ...
Setting up libuv1:amd64 (1.9.1-3) ...
Setting up libicu57:amd64 (57.1-6+deb9u3) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.24-11+deb9u4) ...
Setting up nodejs (4.8.2~dfsg-1) ...
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/nodejs to provide /usr/bin/js (js) in auto mode
我遇到了类似的问题，这对我有用。
添加 NodeSource 包签名密钥：
curl -sSL https://deb.nodesource.com/gpgkey/nodesource.gpg.key | sudo apt-key add -
# wget can also be used:
# wget --quiet -O - https://deb.nodesource.com/gpgkey/nodesource.gpg.key | sudo apt-key add -
添加所需的 NodeSource 存储库：
# Replace with the branch of Node.js or io.js you want to install: node_6.x, node_12.x, etc...
VERSION=node_12.x
# The below command will set this correctly, but if lsb_release isn't available, you can set it manually:
# - For Debian distributions: jessie, sid, etc...
# - For Ubuntu distributions: xenial, bionic, etc...
# - For Debian or Ubuntu derived distributions your best option is to use the codename corresponding to the upstream release your distribution is based off. This is an advanced scenario and unsupported if your distribution is not listed as supported per earlier in this README.
DISTRO="$(lsb_release -s -c)"
echo "deb https://deb.nodesource.com/$VERSION $DISTRO main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nodesource.list
echo "deb-src https://deb.nodesource.com/$VERSION $DISTRO main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nodesource.list
更新软件包列表并安装 Node.js:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nodejs
当我尝试使用 sudo apt-get install npm 安装 npm 时，出现以下错误：
E: Unable to locate package npm
为什么找不到 npm？我正在使用 Debian 9 并且已经 运行
sudo apt-get install nodejs
如果你安装了nodejs，那么你也安装了npm。 npm 自带 node.
我 运行 在 Debian 9.2 上遇到了同样的问题，这就是我克服它的方法。
安装
sudo apt install curl
curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_6.x | sudo bash -
sudo apt-get install -y nodejs
sudo apt-get install -y npm
检查安装的版本
node --version
npm --version
最初来自"How to install Node.js LTS on Debian 9 stretch" http://linuxbsdos.com/2017/06/26/how-to-install-node-js-lts-on-debian-9-stretch/
来自官方Node.js文档：
A Node.js package is also available in the official repo for Debian Sid (unstable), Jessie (testing) and Wheezy (wheezy-backports) as "nodejs". It only installs a nodejs binary.
因此，如果您只键入 sudo apt-get install nodejs ，它不会安装其他好东西，例如 npm.
您需要输入：
curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_14.x | sudo -E bash -
sudo apt-get install -y nodejs
Optional: install build tools
To compile and install native add-ons from npm you may also need to install build tools:
sudo apt-get install -y build-essential
更多信息：Docs NodeJs
这将解决您的错误。 运行 在您的终端中执行这些命令。这些命令将添加旧版本。您可以稍后更新它们，也可以在 运行 这些命令一条一条之前在这里更改版本。
sudo apt-get install build-essential
wget http://nodejs.org/dist/v0.8.16/node-v0.8.16.tar.gz
tar -xzf node-v0.8.16.tar.gz
cd node-v0.8.16/
./configure
make
sudo make install
您的系统找不到 npm 包，因为您还没有将 nodejs 存储库添加到您的系统..
尝试按照以下安装步骤操作：
将 nodejs PPA 存储库添加到我们的系统和 python 软件属性
sudo apt-get install curl python-software-properties
// sudo apt-get install curl software-properties-common
curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_10.x | sudo bash -
sudo apt-get update
然后安装npm
sudo apt-get install nodejs
检查 npm 和 node 是否已安装，您是否已准备好使用 node.js
node -v
npm -v
If someone was failed to install nodejs.. Try remove the npm first, maybe the old installation was broken..
sudo apt-get remove nodejs
sudo apt-get remove npm
检查 npm 或 node 文件夹是否仍然存在，如果找到则将其删除
which node
which npm
在 Ubuntu 中遇到此问题 Windows，先尝试 运行
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
然后
sudo apt-get install npm
使用以下方式下载存储库密钥：
curl -s https://deb.nodesource.com/gpgkey/nodesource.gpg.key | apt-key add -
然后设置存储库：
sudo sh -c "echo deb https://deb.nodesource.com/node_8.x cosmic main \
> /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nodesource.list"
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nodejs
对于 Debian Stretch（Debian 版本 9），nodejs 不包含 npm，要将其作为单独的软件包安装，您必须启用 stretch-backports.
echo 'deb http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch-backports main' |
sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/stretch-backports.list
apt-get update -y
apt-get -t stretch-backports install -y npm
在 Buster (Debian 10) 中，npm 是一个常规软件包，所以今后，这应该可以正常工作。但我们中的一些人在未来一段时间内仍会部分卡在 Stretch boxes 上。
在我的 jenkins/jenkins docker sudo 总是产生错误：
bash: sudo: command not found
我需要更新回购列表：
curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_10.x | apt-get update
然后，
apt-get install nodejs
所有命令行结果如下：
root@76e6f92724d1:/# curl -sL https://deb.nodesource.com/setup_10.x | apt-get update
Ign:1 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch InRelease
Get:2 http://security.debian.org/debian-security stretch/updates InRelease [94.3 kB]
Get:3 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch-updates InRelease [91.0 kB]
Get:4 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch Release [118 kB]
Get:5 http://security.debian.org/debian-security stretch/updates/main amd64 Packages [520 kB]
Get:6 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch-updates/main amd64 Packages [27.9 kB]
Get:8 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch Release.gpg [2410 B]
Get:9 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch/main amd64 Packages [7083 kB]
Get:7 https://packagecloud.io/github/git-lfs/debian stretch InRelease [23.2 kB]
Get:10 https://packagecloud.io/github/git-lfs/debian stretch/main amd64 Packages [4675 B]
Fetched 7965 kB in 20s (393 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
root@76e6f92724d1:/# apt-get install nodejs
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
libicu57 libuv1
The following NEW packages will be installed:
libicu57 libuv1 nodejs
0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 11.2 MB of archives.
After this operation, 45.2 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch/main amd64 libicu57 amd64 57.1-6+deb9u3 [7705 kB]
Get:2 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch/main amd64 libuv1 amd64 1.9.1-3 [84.4 kB]
Get:3 http://deb.debian.org/debian stretch/main amd64 nodejs amd64 4.8.2~dfsg-1 [3440 kB]
Fetched 11.2 MB in 26s (418 kB/s)
debconf: delaying package configuration, since apt-utils is not installed
Selecting previously unselected package libicu57:amd64.
(Reading database ... 12488 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libicu57_57.1-6+deb9u3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libicu57:amd64 (57.1-6+deb9u3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package libuv1:amd64.
Preparing to unpack .../libuv1_1.9.1-3_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libuv1:amd64 (1.9.1-3) ...
Selecting previously unselected package nodejs.
Preparing to unpack .../nodejs_4.8.2~dfsg-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking nodejs (4.8.2~dfsg-1) ...
Setting up libuv1:amd64 (1.9.1-3) ...
Setting up libicu57:amd64 (57.1-6+deb9u3) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.24-11+deb9u4) ...
Setting up nodejs (4.8.2~dfsg-1) ...
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/nodejs to provide /usr/bin/js (js) in auto mode
我遇到了类似的问题，这对我有用。
添加 NodeSource 包签名密钥：
curl -sSL https://deb.nodesource.com/gpgkey/nodesource.gpg.key | sudo apt-key add -
# wget can also be used:
# wget --quiet -O - https://deb.nodesource.com/gpgkey/nodesource.gpg.key | sudo apt-key add -
添加所需的 NodeSource 存储库：
# Replace with the branch of Node.js or io.js you want to install: node_6.x, node_12.x, etc...
VERSION=node_12.x
# The below command will set this correctly, but if lsb_release isn't available, you can set it manually:
# - For Debian distributions: jessie, sid, etc...
# - For Ubuntu distributions: xenial, bionic, etc...
# - For Debian or Ubuntu derived distributions your best option is to use the codename corresponding to the upstream release your distribution is based off. This is an advanced scenario and unsupported if your distribution is not listed as supported per earlier in this README.
DISTRO="$(lsb_release -s -c)"
echo "deb https://deb.nodesource.com/$VERSION $DISTRO main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nodesource.list
echo "deb-src https://deb.nodesource.com/$VERSION $DISTRO main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nodesource.list
更新软件包列表并安装 Node.js:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nodejs