unordered_map 以对作为键 (C++) 的构建失败

Build fails for unordered_map with pair as a key (C++)

我知道可以使用 std::pair 作为 std::unordered_map 的键。在我的例子中,我需要在对中使用 std::type_index。但是在构建它时遇到一些问题。我的代码是:

template<class Base, class Result, bool Commutative>
struct Multimethod2
{
    using Args = std::pair<std::type_index, std::type_index>;
    using Method = std::function<bool(Base *, Base *)>;

    struct ArgsHash {
        std::size_t operator () (Args &p) const {
            std::size_t h1 = std::hash<std::type_index>()(p.first);
            std::size_t h2 = std::hash<std::type_index>()(p.second);
            return h1 ^ h2;
        }
    };

    struct KeyEqual
    {
        bool operator()(const Args &a1, const Args &a2) const
        {
            return (a1.first == a2.first && a1.second == a2.second) ||
                   (a1.first == a2.second && a1.second == a2.first);
        }
    };

    std::unordered_map<Args, Method, ArgsHash, KeyEqual> methods;
...
}

出现错误:

/usr/include/c++/7/bits/hashtable_policy.h:87: error: no match for call to ‘(const Multimethod2<Shape, bool, true>::ArgsHash) (const std::pair<std::type_index, std::type_index>&)’
  noexcept(declval<const _Hash&>()(declval<const _Key&>()))>
          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

/usr/include/c++/7/bits/hashtable_policy.h:87: error: binding reference of type ‘Multimethod2<Shape, bool, true>::Args& {aka std::pair<std::type_index, std::type_index>&}’ to ‘const std::pair<std::type_index, std::type_index>’ discards qualifiers
  noexcept(declval<const _Hash&>()(declval<const _Key&>()))>
          ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

/usr/include/c++/7/type_traits:154: error: ‘value’ is not a member of ‘std::__and_<std::__is_fast_hash<Multimethod2<Shape, bool, true>::ArgsHash>, std::__detail::__is_noexcept_hash<std::pair<std::type_index, std::type_index>, Multimethod2<Shape, bool, true>::ArgsHash> >’
    : public integral_constant<bool, !_Pp::value>
                                      ^~~~

...

这里的语法有什么问题?

根据哈希要求,ArgsHash::operator() 应该 Args 乘以 const&

顺便说一句,你的哈希函数可能不好(当你有两个相同的 type_index 时会发生什么?)

组合哈希值并非易事(没有 std::hash_combine 是有原因的);无论如何,您可能想尝试 boost.hash_combine 一个现成的 或多或少 通用解决方案...