python argparse.ArgumentParser 读取配置文件

Question

我正在尝试添加开关 -c 并指定配置文件。我现在使用 config.dat 让它工作，但是当我使用 -c 并指定一个新的 .dat 时，它使用默认的 config.dat...

知道我哪里出错了吗？

#!/usr/bin/python3
import argparse
import shutil

parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Copy multiple Files from a specified data file')
parser.add_argument('-c', '--configfile', default="config.dat",help='file to read the config from')


def read_config(data):
    try:
        dest = '/home/admin/Documents/backup/'
        #Read in date from config.dat
        data = open('config.dat')
        #Interate through list of files '\n'
        filelist = data.read().split('\n')
        #Copy through interated list and strip white spaces and empty lines
        for file in filelist:
            if file:
                shutil.copy(file.strip(), dest)
    except FileNotFoundError:
        pass

args =parser.parse_args()
read = read_config(args.configfile)
args =parser.parse_args()

Answer 1

仔细看看您在第 14 行所做的事情。即使您正在检索 --configfile 参数并将其分配给 args，您仍在使用字符串文字 data = open('config.dat')而不是传递 data（这是作为参数传递给函数 read_config 的配置文件的参数值）：

def read_config(data):
    try:
        dest = '/home/admin/Documents/backup/'
        #Read in date from config.dat
        data = open(data)
        ...

我还会更改您要传递给 read_config 的参数 data 的命名——这有点模棱两可。你知道这个函数需要一个文件名作为参数，所以为什么不简单地调用它 filename.

def read_config(filename):
    import pdb; pdb.set_trace()
    try:
        dest = '/home/admin/Documents/backup/'
        #Read in date from config.dat
        data = open(filename)
        #Interate through list of files '\n'
        filelist = data.read().split('\n')
        #Copy through interated list and strip white spaces and empty lines
        for file in filelist:
            if file:
                shutil.copy(file.strip(), dest)
    except FileNotFoundError:
        pass

Answer 2

正确使用函数参数；更改名称以阐明变量的性质。

def read_config(filename='config.dat'):
    try:
        dest = '/home/admin/Documents/backup/'
        afile = open(filename)
        #Interate through list of files '\n'
        filelist = afile.read().split('\n')
        #Copy through interated list and strip white spaces and empty lines
        for file in filelist:
            if file:
                shutil.copy(file.strip(), dest)
    except FileNotFoundError:
        pass

Answer 3

此代码的工作原理是将参数转换为字典，然后通过键获取值。此外，您在第 13 行的代码没有打开传入的值。这将打开传入的文件。看看这是否适合你：

# !/usr/bin/python3
import argparse
import shutil

parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Copy multiple Files from a specified data file')
parser.add_argument('-c', '--configfile', default="config.dat", help='file to read the config from')


def read_config(data):
    try:
        dest = '/home/admin/Documents/backup/'
        # Read in date from config.dat
        data = open(data)
        # Interate through list of files '\n'
        filelist = data.read().split('\n')
        # Copy through interated list and strip white spaces and empty lines
        for file in filelist:
            if file:
                shutil.copy(file.strip(), dest)
    except FileNotFoundError:
        pass


args = vars(parser.parse_args())
read = read_config(args['configfile'])

python argparse.ArgumentParser 读取配置文件

python argparse.ArgumentParser read config file

python

copy

shutil

argparse

python-3.x