XML 反序列化错误 - 意外 'EndElement'

Question

编辑：如果有人来这里寻找解决方案 - 下面的代码已经更新，现在可以正常工作，这要归功于接受的答案

使用面向 .NET 4.5.3 的 C#，我正在尝试反序列化 Web API REST XML 对 C# class 实例的响应。

我的问题是：如何修复此代码，使其执行预期的操作 - 正确反序列化 XML 对 C# class 实例的响应。

由于我在属性中添加了'IsRequired = true'，所以抛出异常：

Message: Error in line 1 position 226. 'EndElement' 'matchset' from namespace 'urn:expasy:scanprosite' is not expected. Expecting element 'n_match'.

Source: System.Runtime.Serialization

StackTrace: 
at System.Runtime.Serialization.XmlObjectSerializerReadContext.ThrowRequiredMemberMissingException(XmlReaderDelegator xmlReader, Int32 memberIndex, Int32 requiredIndex, XmlDictionaryString[] memberNames)
at ReadmatchsetFromXml(XmlReaderDelegator , XmlObjectSerializerReadContext , XmlDictionaryString[] , XmlDictionaryString[] )
at System.Runtime.Serialization.ClassDataContract.ReadXmlValue(XmlReaderDelegator xmlReader, XmlObjectSerializerReadContext context)
at System.Runtime.Serialization.XmlObjectSerializerReadContext.ReadDataContractValue(DataContract dataContract, XmlReaderDelegator reader)
at System.Runtime.Serialization.XmlObjectSerializerReadContext.InternalDeserialize(XmlReaderDelegator reader, String name, String ns, Type declaredType, DataContract& dataContract)
at System.Runtime.Serialization.XmlObjectSerializerReadContext.InternalDeserialize(XmlReaderDelegator xmlReader, Type declaredType, DataContract dataContract, String name, String ns)
at System.Runtime.Serialization.DataContractSerializer.InternalReadObject(XmlReaderDelegator xmlReader, Boolean verifyObjectName, DataContractResolver dataContractResolver)
at System.Runtime.Serialization.XmlObjectSerializer.ReadObjectHandleExceptions(XmlReaderDelegator reader, Boolean verifyObjectName, DataContractResolver dataContractResolver)
at System.Runtime.Serialization.DataContractSerializer.ReadObject(XmlReader reader)
at System.Net.Http.Formatting.XmlMediaTypeFormatter.ReadFromStream(Type type, Stream readStream, HttpContent content, IFormatterLogger formatterLogger)
at System.Net.Http.Formatting.XmlMediaTypeFormatter.ReadFromStreamAsync(Type type, Stream readStream, HttpContent content, IFormatterLogger formatterLogger)
--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.ThrowForNonSuccess(Task task)
at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)
at System.Net.Http.HttpContentExtensions.<ReadAsAsyncCore>d__0`1.MoveNext()
--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.ThrowForNonSuccess(Task task)
at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)
at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter`1.GetResult()
at ConsoleApplication4.Prosite.<XmlDeserialize>d__1.MoveNext() in C:\Users\Aaron\Documents\Visual Studio 14\Projects\ConsoleApplication4\ConsoleApplication4\Prosite.cs:line 22

这是程序到控制台的输出 window（没有设置 IsRequired）：

n_match:
n_seq:
matchset.match.length: 0

这里是HTTP请求和反序列化代码：

using System;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Net.Http.Headers;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace ConsoleApplication4
{
    public static class Prosite
    {
        public static async Task<string> GetPrositeXML()
        {
            using (var client = new HttpClient())
            {
                client.BaseAddress = new Uri("http://www.expasy.org/");
                client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Clear();
                client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/xml"));

                // HTTP GET
                HttpResponseMessage response = await client.GetAsync("cgi-bin/prosite/PSScan.cgi?seq=ENTK_HUMAN&output=xml");
                if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
                {
                    return await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();//AsAsync<matchset>();
                }
            }

            return null;
        }
    }
}

这里是控制台应用程序代码：

using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.IO;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Serialization;

namespace ConsoleApplication4
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var matchsetTask = Prosite.GetPrositeXML();

            var xmlString = matchsetTask.Result;

            var matchset = xmlString.LoadFromXML<matchset>();

            if (matchset != null)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("n_match: " + matchset.n_match);
                Console.WriteLine("n_seq: " + matchset.n_seq);
                Console.WriteLine("matchset.match.length: " + matchset.match.Length);

                foreach (var match in matchset.match)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("level: " + match.level);
                    Console.WriteLine("level_tag: " + match.level_tag);
                    Console.WriteLine("score: " + match.score);
                    Console.WriteLine("sequence_ac: " + match.sequence_ac);
                    Console.WriteLine("sequence_db: " + match.sequence_db);
                    Console.WriteLine("sequence_id: " + match.sequence_id);
                    Console.WriteLine("signature_ac: " + match.signature_ac);
                    Console.WriteLine("signature_id: " + match.signature_id);
                    Console.WriteLine("start: " + match.start);
                    Console.WriteLine("stop: " + match.stop);
                    Console.WriteLine("");
                }
            }

            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }
}

这是根节点 'matchset' 模型的 class：

using System;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
using System.ServiceModel;

namespace ConsoleApplication4
{
    [Serializable]
    [XmlSerializerFormat]
    [DataContract(Name = "matchset", Namespace = "urn:expasy:scanprosite")]
    [XmlRoot(ElementName = "matchset", Namespace = "urn:expasy:scanprosite")]
    public class matchset
    {
        [DataMember(Name = "match")]
        [XmlElement("match")]
        public match[] match;

        [DataMember(Name = "n_match", IsRequired = true)]
        [XmlAttribute("n_match")]
        public string n_match;

        [DataMember(Name = "n_seq", IsRequired = true)]
        [XmlAttribute("n_seq")]
        public string n_seq;
    }
}

这里是 'match' 模型的代码：

using System;
using System.Runtime.Serialization;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
using System.ServiceModel;

namespace ConsoleApplication4
{
    [Serializable]
    [XmlSerializerFormat]
    [DataContract(Name = "match", Namespace = "")]
    public class match
    {
        [DataMember(Name = "sequence_ac")]
        [XmlElement("sequence_ac")]
        public string sequence_ac;

        [DataMember(Name = "sequence_id")]
        [XmlElement("sequence_id")]
        public string sequence_id;

        [DataMember(Name = "sequence_db")]
        [XmlElement("sequence_db")]
        public string sequence_db;

        [DataMember(Name = "start")]
        [XmlElement("start")]
        public string start;

        [DataMember(Name = "stop")]
        [XmlElement("stop")]
        public string stop;

        [DataMember(Name = "signature_ac")]
        [XmlElement("signature_ac")]
        public string signature_ac;

        [DataMember(Name = "signature_id")]
        [XmlElement("signature_id")]
        public string signature_id;

        [DataMember(Name = "level_tag")]
        [XmlElement("level_tag")]
        public string level_tag;

        [DataMember(Name = "score")]
        [XmlElement("score")]
        public string score;

        [DataMember(Name = "level")]
        [XmlElement("level")]
        public string level;
    }
}

这是正在反序列化的 XML：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<matchset xmlns="urn:expasy:scanprosite" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="urn:expasy:scanprosite http://expasy.org/tools/scanprosite/scanprosite.xsd" n_match="13" n_seq="1">
    <match>
        <sequence_ac>P98073</sequence_ac>
        <sequence_id>ENTK_HUMAN</sequence_id>
        <sequence_db>sp</sequence_db>
        <start>54</start>
        <stop>169</stop>
        <signature_ac>PS50024</signature_ac>
        <signature_id>SEA</signature_id>
        <score>32.979</score>
        <level>0</level>
    </match>
    <match>
        <sequence_ac>P98073</sequence_ac>
        <sequence_id>ENTK_HUMAN</sequence_id>
        <sequence_db>sp</sequence_db>
        <start>183</start>
        <stop>222</stop>
        <signature_ac>PS50068</signature_ac>
        <signature_id>LDLRA_2</signature_id>
        <score>10.75</score>
        <level>0</level>
    </match>
    <match>
        <sequence_ac>P98073</sequence_ac>
        <sequence_id>ENTK_HUMAN</sequence_id>
        <sequence_db>sp</sequence_db>
        <start>197</start>
        <stop>221</stop>
        <signature_ac>PS01209</signature_ac>
        <signature_id>LDLRA_1</signature_id>
        <level_tag>(0)</level_tag>
    </match>
    <match>
        <sequence_ac>P98073</sequence_ac>
        <sequence_id>ENTK_HUMAN</sequence_id>
        <sequence_db>sp</sequence_db>
        <start>225</start>
        <stop>334</stop>
        <signature_ac>PS01180</signature_ac>
        <signature_id>CUB</signature_id>
        <score>13.293</score>
        <level>0</level>
    </match>
    <match>
        <sequence_ac>P98073</sequence_ac>
        <sequence_id>ENTK_HUMAN</sequence_id>
        <sequence_db>sp</sequence_db>
        <start>345</start>
        <stop>504</stop>
        <signature_ac>PS50060</signature_ac>
        <signature_id>MAM_2</signature_id>
        <score>42.203</score>
        <level>0</level>
    </match>
    <match>
        <sequence_ac>P98073</sequence_ac>
        <sequence_id>ENTK_HUMAN</sequence_id>
        <sequence_db>sp</sequence_db>
        <start>391</start>
        <stop>431</stop>
        <signature_ac>PS00740</signature_ac>
        <signature_id>MAM_1</signature_id>
        <level_tag>(0)</level_tag>
    </match>
    <match>
        <sequence_ac>P98073</sequence_ac>
        <sequence_id>ENTK_HUMAN</sequence_id>
        <sequence_db>sp</sequence_db>
        <start>524</start>
        <stop>634</stop>
        <signature_ac>PS01180</signature_ac>
        <signature_id>CUB</signature_id>
        <score>17.206</score>
        <level>0</level>
    </match>
    <match>
        <sequence_ac>P98073</sequence_ac>
        <sequence_id>ENTK_HUMAN</sequence_id>
        <sequence_db>sp</sequence_db>
        <start>642</start>
        <stop>678</stop>
        <signature_ac>PS50068</signature_ac>
        <signature_id>LDLRA_2</signature_id>
        <score>13.3</score>
        <level>0</level>
    </match>
    <match>
        <sequence_ac>P98073</sequence_ac>
        <sequence_id>ENTK_HUMAN</sequence_id>
        <sequence_db>sp</sequence_db>
        <start>655</start>
        <stop>677</stop>
        <signature_ac>PS01209</signature_ac>
        <signature_id>LDLRA_1</signature_id>
        <level_tag>(0)</level_tag>
    </match>
    <match>
        <sequence_ac>P98073</sequence_ac>
        <sequence_id>ENTK_HUMAN</sequence_id>
        <sequence_db>sp</sequence_db>
        <start>678</start>
        <stop>788</stop>
        <signature_ac>PS50287</signature_ac>
        <signature_id>SRCR_2</signature_id>
        <score>16.02</score>
        <level>0</level>
    </match>
    <match>
        <sequence_ac>P98073</sequence_ac>
        <sequence_id>ENTK_HUMAN</sequence_id>
        <sequence_db>sp</sequence_db>
        <start>785</start>
        <stop>1019</stop>
        <signature_ac>PS50240</signature_ac>
        <signature_id>TRYPSIN_DOM</signature_id>
        <score>39.104</score>
        <level>0</level>
    </match>
    <match>
        <sequence_ac>P98073</sequence_ac>
        <sequence_id>ENTK_HUMAN</sequence_id>
        <sequence_db>sp</sequence_db>
        <start>821</start>
        <stop>826</stop>
        <signature_ac>PS00134</signature_ac>
        <signature_id>TRYPSIN_HIS</signature_id>
        <level_tag>(0)</level_tag>
    </match>
    <match>
        <sequence_ac>P98073</sequence_ac>
        <sequence_id>ENTK_HUMAN</sequence_id>
        <sequence_db>sp</sequence_db>
        <start>965</start>
        <stop>976</stop>
        <signature_ac>PS00135</signature_ac>
        <signature_id>TRYPSIN_SER</signature_id>
        <level_tag>(0)</level_tag>
    </match>
</matchset>

XmlSerializationHelper class 由@dbc 在接受的答案中提供：

using System.IO;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Serialization;

namespace ConsoleApplication4
{
    public static class XmlSerializationHelper
    {
        public static string GetXml<T>(T obj, XmlSerializer serializer, bool omitStandardNamespaces)
        {
            using (var textWriter = new StringWriter())
            {
                XmlWriterSettings settings = new XmlWriterSettings();
                settings.Indent = true;        // For cosmetic purposes.
                settings.IndentChars = "    "; // For cosmetic purposes.
                using (var xmlWriter = XmlWriter.Create(textWriter, settings))
                {
                    if (omitStandardNamespaces)
                    {
                        XmlSerializerNamespaces ns = new XmlSerializerNamespaces();
                        ns.Add("", ""); // Disable the xmlns:xsi and xmlns:xsd lines.
                        serializer.Serialize(xmlWriter, obj, ns);
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        serializer.Serialize(xmlWriter, obj);
                    }
                }
                return textWriter.ToString();
            }
        }

        public static string GetXml<T>(this T obj, XmlSerializer serializer)
        {
            return GetXml(obj, serializer, false);
        }

        public static string GetXml<T>(this T obj, bool omitNamespace)
        {
            XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(obj.GetType());
            return GetXml(obj, serializer, omitNamespace);
        }

        public static string GetXml<T>(this T obj)
        {
            return GetXml(obj, false);
        }

        public static T LoadFromXML<T>(this string xmlString)
        {
            return xmlString.LoadFromXML<T>(new XmlSerializer(typeof(T)));
        }

        public static T LoadFromXML<T>(this string xmlString, XmlSerializer serial)
        {
            T returnValue = default(T);

            using (StringReader reader = new StringReader(xmlString))
            {
                object result = serial.Deserialize(reader);
                if (result is T)
                {
                    returnValue = (T)result;
                }
            }
            return returnValue;
        }
    }
}

谢谢。

Answer 1

您的类包含数据协定属性和 XmlSerializer 属性的混合。由于属性 [XmlSerializerFormat] 的应用，我假设您正在使用 XmlSerializer。在这种情况下，您需要：

将 XmlRoot 属性放回 matchset:

[Serializable]
[XmlSerializerFormat]
[DataContract(Name = "matchset", Namespace = "urn:expasy:scanprosite")]
[XmlRoot(ElementName = "matchset", Namespace = "urn:expasy:scanprosite")]
public class matchset
{

将public match[] match改为XmlElement:

    [DataMember(Name = "match")]
    [XmlElement("match")]
    public match[] match
    {
        get { return this.matchField; }
        set { this.matchField = value; }
    }

这样做之后，我能够读取您 post 中给出的 xml 字符串。

答案基于您的原始类，而非您修改后的类。以下是我的测试方式：

public static class TestMatchSet
{
    public static void Test()
    {
        var xml = XmlProvider.GetXml(); // Returns the long XML string from the post.
        var matchSet = XmlSerializationHelper.LoadFromXML<matchset>(xml);

        Debug.WriteLine(matchSet.GetXml());
    }
}

public static class XmlSerializationHelper
{
    public static string GetXml<T>(T obj, XmlSerializer serializer, bool omitStandardNamespaces)
    {
        using (var textWriter = new StringWriter())
        {
            XmlWriterSettings settings = new XmlWriterSettings();
            settings.Indent = true;        // For cosmetic purposes.
            settings.IndentChars = "    "; // For cosmetic purposes.
            using (var xmlWriter = XmlWriter.Create(textWriter, settings))
            {
                if (omitStandardNamespaces)
                {
                    XmlSerializerNamespaces ns = new XmlSerializerNamespaces();
                    ns.Add("", ""); // Disable the xmlns:xsi and xmlns:xsd lines.
                    serializer.Serialize(xmlWriter, obj, ns);
                }
                else
                {
                    serializer.Serialize(xmlWriter, obj);
                }
            }
            return textWriter.ToString();
        }
    }

    public static string GetXml<T>(this T obj, XmlSerializer serializer)
    {
        return GetXml(obj, serializer, false);
    }

    public static string GetXml<T>(this T obj, bool omitNamespace)
    {
        XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(obj.GetType());
        return GetXml(obj, serializer, omitNamespace);
    }

    public static string GetXml<T>(this T obj)
    {
        return GetXml(obj, false);
    }

    public static T LoadFromXML<T>(this string xmlString)
    {
        return xmlString.LoadFromXML<T>(new XmlSerializer(typeof(T)));
    }

    public static T LoadFromXML<T>(this string xmlString, XmlSerializer serial)
    {
        T returnValue = default(T);

        using (StringReader reader = new StringReader(xmlString))
        {
            object result = serial.Deserialize(reader);
            if (result is T)
            {
                returnValue = (T)result;
            }
        }
        return returnValue;
    }
}

XML 反序列化错误 - 意外 'EndElement'

XML Deserialization Error - unexpected 'EndElement'

c#

xml

datacontractserializer

xmlserializer

deserialization