将自定义类型数组插入 postgres

Inserting array of custom types into postgres

我正在尝试插入一行,其中有一列是自定义类型的数组 (ingredient)。我的表是:

CREATE TYPE ingredient AS (
    name text,
    quantity text,
    unit text
);

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS recipes (
    recipe_id uuid PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
    name text,
    ingredients ingredient[],
    // ...
);

使用原始 sql,我可以通过以下方式插入一行:

INSERT INTO recipes (name, ingredients) VALUES ('some_name', ARRAY[ROW('aa', 'bb', 'cc'), ROW('xx', 'yy', 'zz')]::ingredient[] );

但是我正在努力使用 pq 库来做到这一点。我创建了一个 pq.Array 界面:

type Ingredient struct {
    Name string
    Quantity string
    Unit string
}

type Ingredients []*Ingredient

func (ings *Ingredients) ConvertValue(v interface{}) (driver.Value, error) {
    return "something", nil
}
func (ings *Ingredients) Value() (driver.Value, error) {
    val := `ARRAY[]`
    for i, ing := range ings {
        if i != 0 {
            val += ","
        }
        val += fmt.Printf(`ROW('%v','%v','%v')`, ing.Name, ing.Quantity, ing.Unit)
    }
    val += `::ingredient[]`
    return val, nil
}


// and then trying to insert via:
stmt := `INSERT INTO recipes (
        name,
        ingredients
    )
    VALUES (, )
`
_, err := db.Exec(stmt,
    "some_name",
    &Ingredients{
        &Ingredient{"flour", "3", "cups"},
    },
)

但是 pg 一直报错:

  Error insertingpq: malformed array literal: "ARRAY[ROW('flour','3','cups')]::ingredient[]"

我是否返回错误 driver.Value

看来你的数据库设计很复杂,没有考虑到 SQL 的长处(和短处)。

我可以建议您根据食谱将配料拆分成自己的 table。然后找出一个完整的食谱是JOIN操作。

正在创建数据库:

CREATE TABLE ingredients (
    recipe_id uuid,
    name text,
    quantity int,
    unit text
);

CREATE TABLE recipes (
    recipe_id uuid PRIMARY KEY,
    name text
);

插入菜谱并查询读出:

INSERT INTO recipes VALUES (
  '5d1cb631-37bd-46cc-a278-4c8558ed8964', 'cake1'
);

INSERT INTO ingredients (recipe_id, name, quantity, unit) VALUES
  ('5d1cb631-37bd-46cc-a278-4c8558ed8964', 'flour', 3, 'cups'),
  ('5d1cb631-37bd-46cc-a278-4c8558ed8964', 'water', 1, 'cups')
;

SELECT r.name, i.name, i.quantity, i.unit
FROM ingredients AS i
INNER JOIN recipes AS r
ON r.recipe_id=i.recipe_id;

SQL小提琴 link: http://sqlfiddle.com/#!17/262ad/14

您可以使用此处概述的方法:https://github.com/lib/pq/issues/544

type Ingredient struct {
    Name string
    Quantity string
    Unit string
}

func (i *Ingredient) Value() (driver.Value, error) {
    return fmt.Sprintf("('%s','%s','%s')", i.Name, i.Quantity, i.Unit), nil
}

stmt := `INSERT INTO recipes (name, ingredients) VALUES (, ::ingredient[])`

db.Exec(stmt, "some_name", pq.Array([]*Ingredient{{"flour", "3", "cups"}}))

或者如果您在 table 中有记录并查询它,您可能会看到其 文字 形式的成分数组,您可以在插入。

func (ings *Ingredients) Value() (driver.Value, error) {
    val := `{`
    for i, ing := range ings {
        if i != 0 {
            val += ","
        }
        val += fmt.Sprintf(`"('%s','%s','%s')"`, ing.Name, ing.Quantity, ing.Unit)
    }
    val += `}`
    return val, nil
}

// e.g. `{"('flour','3','cups')"}`

stmt := `INSERT INTO recipes (name, ingredients) VALUES (, ::ingredient[])`

// ...