如何从文本文件 until/after 特定位置读取输入 [C++]?

How to read input from the text file until/after a specific location [C++]?

在我的项目中,我需要从文本文件中获取有关电路的数据,然后我需要解析它并生成输出数据。 这是文本文件的示例数据

AND1 Adder1-3 Adder1-4 // Means AND1 gate gets its first input from Adder1's 3rd output and its second input from Adder1's 4th output

AND2 Adder1-4 Adder1-2

OR1 AND1-1 AND2-1 //OR1's two inputs are from AND1's 1st output and AND2's 1st output

现在我需要先读取组件名称,这很简单:

infile>>componentName;

但是对于第二部分,我虽然可以通过多种方式解决这个问题

  1. 读取整个数据并将其分成两部分:ComponentName - thOutput.
  2. 读到“-”放入字符串变量再读 在“-”之后并将其放入整数变量并为所有重复此操作 行。

我尝试了第一种方法,但我真的坚持将字符串转换为整数(我尝试使用 stoi 但它仅适用于 C++ :( 并且还遇到了几个问题)但我虽然第二种方法会更容易但是我不知道该怎么做。

那你能帮我解决这个问题吗? 基本上我需要将组件名称(“-”之前)放入字符串变量并将整数(“-”之后)放入整数变量。

注意:抱歉我的英语很差,不是母语人士。由于项目很大,我没有在上面放置不必要的代码。

这是相当基础的,但应该可以帮助您入门。我更喜欢 scanf 家庭来完成这些任务。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;
int main() {
FILE *fp=fopen("tmpfile", "r");
char oper[5], dev1[10], dev2[10];
int op1, op2;
fscanf(fp, "%s %[^-]-%d %[^-]-%d", oper, dev1, &op1, dev2, &op2);
cout<<oper<<endl;
cout<<dev1<<endl;
cout<<op1<<endl;
cout<<dev1<<endl;
cout<<op2<<endl;
fclose(fp);

}

AND2 Adder1-4 Adder1-2 生成的输出:

AND2
Adder1
4
Adder1
2

您可以使用 Boost.Spirit 来完成此解析任务。它允许您将结果直接解析为结构。

#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>

#include <boost/fusion/adapted.hpp>
#include <boost/spirit/home/x3.hpp>

struct Entry
{
    std::string op;
    std::string dev1;
    int n1;
    std::string dev2;
    int n2;
};

BOOST_FUSION_ADAPT_STRUCT(
    Entry,
    op,
    dev1, n1,
    dev2, n2)

Entry parse(std::string const &input)
{
    auto iter = input.begin();

    using namespace boost::spirit::x3;

    auto op = rule<class op, std::string>{}
    = lexeme[upper >> *(upper | digit)];
    auto dev = rule<class dev, std::string>{}
        = lexeme[upper >> *alnum];

    Entry result;

    bool r = phrase_parse(iter, input.end(),
                          op > dev > lit('-') > int_ > dev > lit('-') > int_,
                          space, result);

    if (!r)
    {
        std::string rest(iter, input.end());
        throw std::invalid_argument("Parsing failed at " + rest);
    }

    return result;
}


int main()
{
    // This could be a file instead with std::ifstream
    std::istringstream input;
    input.str(
"AND1 Adder1-3 Adder1-4 // Means AND1 gate gets its first input from Adder1's 3rd output and its second input from Adder1's 4th output\n"
"AND2 Adder1-4 Adder1-2\n"
"OR1 AND1-1 AND2-1 //OR1's two inputs are from AND1's 1st output and AND2's 1st output\n");

    for (std::string line; std::getline(input, line); )
    {
        Entry e = parse(line);

        std::cout << "Found the following entries:\n"
                  << "  Operation: " << e.op << "\n"
                  << "  Device 1: " << e.dev1 << "-" << e.n1 << "\n"
                  << "  Device 2: " << e.dev2 << "-" << e.n2 << "\n";
    }
}

Live example