collections.namedtuple 是如何工作的?
How does collections.namedtuple work?
正在研究Python中"namedtuple"的代码(Python 3.6.3)。我运行代码:
from collections import namedtuple,_iskeyword
Point = namedtuple('Point', ['x', 'y'],rename=False,verbose=True)
p = Point(2,3)
print(p)
然后控制台打印如:
from builtins import property as _property, tuple as _tuple
from operator import itemgetter as _itemgetter
from collections import OrderedDict
class Point(tuple):
'Point(x, y)'
__slots__ = ()
_fields = ('x', 'y')
def __new__(_cls, x, y):
'Create new instance of Point(x, y)'
return _tuple.__new__(_cls, (x, y))
@classmethod
def _make(cls, iterable, new=tuple.__new__, len=len):
'Make a new Point object from a sequence or iterable'
result = new(cls, iterable)
if len(result) != 2:
raise TypeError('Expected 2 arguments, got %d' % len(result))
return result
def _replace(_self, **kwds):
'Return a new Point object replacing specified fields with new values'
result = _self._make(map(kwds.pop, ('x', 'y'), _self))
if kwds:
raise ValueError('Got unexpected field names: %r' % list(kwds))
return result
def __repr__(self):
'Return a nicely formatted representation string'
return self.__class__.__name__ + '(x=%r, y=%r)' % self
def _asdict(self):
'Return a new OrderedDict which maps field names to their values.'
return OrderedDict(zip(self._fields, self))
def __getnewargs__(self):
'Return self as a plain tuple. Used by copy and pickle.'
return tuple(self)
x = _property(_itemgetter(0), doc='Alias for field number 0')
y = _property(_itemgetter(1), doc='Alias for field number 1')
这是class的定义,我对class的定义感到困惑:
x = _property(_itemgetter(0), doc='Alias for field number 0')
这里属性为_property
,属性的fget
函数为_itemgetter(0)
。
我的问题是:
_itemgetter(0)
的return是什么?
在这种情况下 _property
是如何工作的?
简答
它允许您使用 p[0]
以及 p.x
来检索值 2
:
>>> p.x
2
>>> p[0]
2
说明
property
允许您调用没有 ()
的方法。
所以 p.x
而不是 p.x()
.
itemgetter(0)
是 []
索引语法的函数。
在这种情况下,它从底层元组获取该索引处的元素。
它returns一个新函数:
>>> f = _itemgetter(0)
调用此函数:
>>> f(t)
10
与
效果相同
>>> t[0]
10
最后,property
使它成为 "callable" 而没有在末尾添加 ()
。
正在研究Python中"namedtuple"的代码(Python 3.6.3)。我运行代码:
from collections import namedtuple,_iskeyword
Point = namedtuple('Point', ['x', 'y'],rename=False,verbose=True)
p = Point(2,3)
print(p)
然后控制台打印如:
from builtins import property as _property, tuple as _tuple
from operator import itemgetter as _itemgetter
from collections import OrderedDict
class Point(tuple):
'Point(x, y)'
__slots__ = ()
_fields = ('x', 'y')
def __new__(_cls, x, y):
'Create new instance of Point(x, y)'
return _tuple.__new__(_cls, (x, y))
@classmethod
def _make(cls, iterable, new=tuple.__new__, len=len):
'Make a new Point object from a sequence or iterable'
result = new(cls, iterable)
if len(result) != 2:
raise TypeError('Expected 2 arguments, got %d' % len(result))
return result
def _replace(_self, **kwds):
'Return a new Point object replacing specified fields with new values'
result = _self._make(map(kwds.pop, ('x', 'y'), _self))
if kwds:
raise ValueError('Got unexpected field names: %r' % list(kwds))
return result
def __repr__(self):
'Return a nicely formatted representation string'
return self.__class__.__name__ + '(x=%r, y=%r)' % self
def _asdict(self):
'Return a new OrderedDict which maps field names to their values.'
return OrderedDict(zip(self._fields, self))
def __getnewargs__(self):
'Return self as a plain tuple. Used by copy and pickle.'
return tuple(self)
x = _property(_itemgetter(0), doc='Alias for field number 0')
y = _property(_itemgetter(1), doc='Alias for field number 1')
这是class的定义,我对class的定义感到困惑:
x = _property(_itemgetter(0), doc='Alias for field number 0')
这里属性为_property
,属性的fget
函数为_itemgetter(0)
。
我的问题是:
_itemgetter(0)
的return是什么?
在这种情况下 _property
是如何工作的?
简答
它允许您使用 p[0]
以及 p.x
来检索值 2
:
>>> p.x
2
>>> p[0]
2
说明
property
允许您调用没有 ()
的方法。
所以 p.x
而不是 p.x()
.
itemgetter(0)
是 []
索引语法的函数。
在这种情况下,它从底层元组获取该索引处的元素。
它returns一个新函数:
>>> f = _itemgetter(0)
调用此函数:
>>> f(t)
10
与
效果相同>>> t[0]
10
最后,property
使它成为 "callable" 而没有在末尾添加 ()
。