collections.namedtuple 是如何工作的?

How does collections.namedtuple work?

正在研究Python中"namedtuple"的代码(Python 3.6.3)。我运行代码:

from collections import namedtuple,_iskeyword
Point = namedtuple('Point', ['x', 'y'],rename=False,verbose=True)
p = Point(2,3)
print(p)

然后控制台打印如:

from builtins import property as _property, tuple as _tuple
from operator import itemgetter as _itemgetter
from collections import OrderedDict

class Point(tuple):
    'Point(x, y)'

    __slots__ = ()

    _fields = ('x', 'y')

    def __new__(_cls, x, y):
        'Create new instance of Point(x, y)'
        return _tuple.__new__(_cls, (x, y))

    @classmethod
    def _make(cls, iterable, new=tuple.__new__, len=len):
        'Make a new Point object from a sequence or iterable'
        result = new(cls, iterable)
        if len(result) != 2:
            raise TypeError('Expected 2 arguments, got %d' % len(result))
        return result

    def _replace(_self, **kwds):
        'Return a new Point object replacing specified fields with new values'
        result = _self._make(map(kwds.pop, ('x', 'y'), _self))
        if kwds:
            raise ValueError('Got unexpected field names: %r' % list(kwds))
        return result

    def __repr__(self):
        'Return a nicely formatted representation string'
        return self.__class__.__name__ + '(x=%r, y=%r)' % self

    def _asdict(self):
        'Return a new OrderedDict which maps field names to their values.'
        return OrderedDict(zip(self._fields, self))

    def __getnewargs__(self):
        'Return self as a plain tuple.  Used by copy and pickle.'
        return tuple(self)

    x = _property(_itemgetter(0), doc='Alias for field number 0')

    y = _property(_itemgetter(1), doc='Alias for field number 1')

这是class的定义,我对class的定义感到困惑:

x = _property(_itemgetter(0), doc='Alias for field number 0')

这里属性为_property,属性的fget函数为_itemgetter(0)

我的问题是:

_itemgetter(0)的return是什么?

在这种情况下 _property 是如何工作的?

简答

它允许您使用 p[0] 以及 p.x 来检索值 2:

>>> p.x
2
>>> p[0]
2

说明

property 允许您调用没有 () 的方法。 所以 p.x 而不是 p.x().

itemgetter(0)[] 索引语法的函数。 在这种情况下,它从底层元组获取该索引处的元素。

它returns一个新函数:

>>> f = _itemgetter(0)

调用此函数:

>>> f(t)
10

效果相同
>>> t[0]
10

最后,property 使它成为 "callable" 而没有在末尾添加 ()