GitLab CE 拒绝成功发送邮件

Question

我花了几个小时研究各种 Stack Overflow 线程和 GitLab 文档，试图简单地让 GitLab 中的 SMTP 电子邮件发送工作。不幸的是，我没有成功。

我从 9.5.4 AWS 市场 AMI 启动了一个 GitLab CE 实例，然后将其升级到最新版本。帮助页面报告此版本：GitLab Community Edition 10.2.4 ba9acca。我是运行这个来自私有 EC2 实例的 GitLab 实例，通过连接到 VPN 进行访问。 GitLab 实例使用 SNAT 实例访问互联网。我的电子邮件域是 mydomain.com，内部 GitLab 域是 gitlab.corp.mydomain.com.

令人困惑的是，显然有两个地方可以指定 SMTP 设置：/etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb 和 /opt/gitlab/embedded/service/gitlab-rails/config/initializers/smtp_settings.rb。某些设置存在于这两个地方。我看到 "Omnibus" 使用 gitlab.rb 设置，而 "built from source" 使用 smtp_settings.rb；我不确定我应该使用哪些设置，所以我在两个地方都指定了设置。

相关gitlab.rb摘录：

### Email Settings
gitlab_rails['gitlab_email_enabled'] = true
gitlab_rails['gitlab_email_from'] = 'gitlab@mydomain.com'
gitlab_rails['gitlab_email_display_name'] = 'GitLab'
gitlab_rails['gitlab_email_reply_to'] = 'noreply@mydomain.com'
gitlab_rails['gitlab_email_subject_suffix'] = ''

### GitLab email server settings
###! Docs: https://docs.gitlab.com/omnibus/settings/smtp.html
###! **Use smtp instead of sendmail/postfix.**

gitlab_rails['smtp_enable'] = true
gitlab_rails['smtp_address'] = "smtp.office365.com"
gitlab_rails['smtp_port'] = 587
gitlab_rails['smtp_user_name'] = "me@mydomain.com"
gitlab_rails['smtp_password'] = "<redacted>"
gitlab_rails['smtp_domain'] = "mydomain.com"
gitlab_rails['smtp_authentication'] = "login"
gitlab_rails['smtp_enable_starttls_auto'] = true
gitlab_rails['smtp_tls'] = false

###! **Can be: 'none', 'peer', 'client_once', 'fail_if_no_peer_cert'**
###! Docs: http://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActionMailer/Base.html
gitlab_rails['smtp_openssl_verify_mode'] = 'none'

smtp_settings.rb:

# To enable smtp email delivery for your GitLab instance do the following:
# 1. Rename this file to smtp_settings.rb
# 2. Edit settings inside this file
# 3. Restart GitLab instance
#
# For full list of options and their values see http://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActionMailer/Base.html
#
# If you change this file in a Merge Request, please also create a Merge Request on https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/omnibus-gitlab/merge_requests

if Rails.env.production?
  Rails.application.config.action_mailer.delivery_method = :smtp

  ActionMailer::Base.delivery_method = :smtp
  ActionMailer::Base.smtp_settings = {
    address: "smtp.office365.com",
    port: 587,
    user_name: "me@mydomain.com",
    password: "<redacted>",
    domain: "mydomain.com",
    authentication: :login,
    enable_starttls_auto: true,
    openssl_verify_mode: 'none', # See ActionMailer documentation for other possible options
  }
end

使用 GitLab 实例中的 telnet，我验证了我能够在端口 587 上建立到 smtp.office365.com 的出站连接。

我找到了一个解释如何测试电子邮件发送的页面 here。执行测试后，我注意到 From 和 Reply-To headers 不正确，这导致 Office 365 正确拒绝我的电子邮件，因为它来自无效发件人：

Loading production environment (Rails 4.2.8)
irb(main):001:0> Notify.test_email('me@mydomain.com', 'Subject', 'Body').deliver_now

Notify#test_email: processed outbound mail in 120.6ms

Sent mail to me@mydomain.com (14573.5ms)
Date: Tue, 12 Dec 2017 04:42:39 +0000
From: GitLab <gitlab@gitlab.corp.mydomain.com>
Reply-To: GitLab <noreply@gitlab.corp.mydomain.com>
To: me@mydomain.com
Message-ID: <redacted>
Subject: Subject
Mime-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/html;
 charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Auto-Submitted: auto-generated
X-Auto-Response-Suppress: All

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd">
<html><body><p>Body</p></body></html>

Net::SMTPFatalError: 550 5.7.60 SMTP; Client does not have permissions to send as this sender [CY1PR13MB0380.namprd13.prod.outlook.com]

        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/2.3.0/net/smtp.rb:974:in `check_response'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/2.3.0/net/smtp.rb:919:in `data'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/2.3.0/net/smtp.rb:664:in `block in send_message'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/2.3.0/net/smtp.rb:859:in `rcptto_list'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/2.3.0/net/smtp.rb:664:in `send_message'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/mail-2.6.6/lib/mail/network/delivery_methods/smtp.rb:112:in `block in deliver!'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/2.3.0/net/smtp.rb:522:in `start'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/mail-2.6.6/lib/mail/network/delivery_methods/smtp.rb:111:in `deliver!'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/mail-2.6.6/lib/mail/message.rb:2149:in `do_delivery'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/mail-2.6.6/lib/mail/message.rb:237:in `block in deliver'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/actionmailer-4.2.8/lib/action_mailer/base.rb:543:in `block in deliver_mail'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.8/lib/active_support/notifications.rb:164:in `block in instrument'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.8/lib/active_support/notifications/instrumenter.rb:20:in `instrument'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.8/lib/active_support/notifications.rb:164:in `instrument'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/actionmailer-4.2.8/lib/action_mailer/base.rb:541:in `deliver_mail'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/mail-2.6.6/lib/mail/message.rb:237:in `deliver'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/actionmailer-4.2.8/lib/action_mailer/message_delivery.rb:85:in `deliver_now'
        from (irb):1
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.8/lib/rails/commands/console.rb:110:in `start'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.8/lib/rails/commands/console.rb:9:in `start'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.8/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:68:in `console'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.8/lib/rails/commands/commands_tasks.rb:39:in `run_command!'
        from /opt/gitlab/embedded/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/railties-4.2.8/lib/rails/commands.rb:17:in `<top (required)>'
        from bin/rails:9:in `require'
        from bin/rails:9:in `<main>'

我不知道那些 From 和 Reply-To 地址来自哪里。它们没有出现在我的 gitlab.rb 配置中。我确定这就是电子邮件发送失败的原因。

问题：

这是怎么回事？
GitLab 在哪里记录这个 activity？
为什么在两个不同的地方指定相同的设置？

Answer 1

正如您在评论中所说，错误是您对设置进行了评论。此外，您应该注意到，对于 Gitlab 的 Omnibus 安装，您应该使用的唯一设置是 gitlab.rb。

此文件用于生成其他设置文件，如 smtp_settings。如果您运行命令 sudo gitlab-ctl reconfigure 将执行文件的重新生成，这也会在您升级实例时触发。

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