如何在 tkinter 的 window 中心使用网格对齐 Optionmenu？

Question

我试图将 Optionmenu 居中并排对齐，但每当我取消注释 .grid() 语句时，window 中什么也没有显示，它变成空白。

import tkinter as tk
from utils import editionMap, topicMap, langMap

class OptionMenu(tk.Frame):

    def __init__(self, master, status, *options):
        self.frame = tk.Frame(master)
        self.frame.pack()

        self.status = tk.StringVar()
        self.status.set(status)

        self.dropdown = tk.OptionMenu(self.frame, self.status, *options)
        self.dropdown.pack()


def main():
    root = tk.Tk()
    Edition_Filter = OptionMenu(root, "Edition", *editionMap.keys())
    #Edition_Filter.grid(row=0, column=0)  <---Uncomment
    Language_Filter = OptionMenu(root, "Language", *langMap.keys())
    #Language_Filter.grid(row=0, column=1) <---Uncomment
    Topic_Filter = OptionMenu(root, "Topic", *topicMap.keys())
    #Topic_Filter.grid(row=0, column=2)    <---Uncomment

    root.mainloop()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

我希望显示选项菜单 Edition Language Topic 水平并排。

我的实际输出是：

Answer 1

你混合了两种不同的技术

第一：继承

class OptionMenu(tk.Frame): # <-- with Frame

    def __init__(self, master, status, *options):

        super().__init__(master) # <-- with super()

第二：包括

class OptionMenu(): # <-- without Frame

    def __init__(self, master, status, *options):

        self.frame = tk.Frame(master) # <-- create inner widget

首先创建可以使用 menu.pack() 或 menu.grid()

的真实小部件

第二个不创建小部件 - 它创建普通的 class，里面有小部件，你必须使用 menu.frame.pack() 或 menu.frame.grid()

带有真实小部件的示例

import tkinter as tk

class OptionMenu(tk.Frame): # <-- with Frame

    def __init__(self, master, status, *options):

        super().__init__(master) # <-- with super()

        self.status = tk.StringVar()
        self.status.set(status)

        # use `self` as parent for widgets inside

        self.dropdown = tk.OptionMenu(self, self.status, *options)
        self.dropdown.pack()


def main():

    editionMap = {1:"English", 2:"German", 3:"Russian"}
    langMap = {1:"English", 2:"German", 3:"Russian"}
    topicMap = {1:"English", 2:"German", 3:"Russian"}

    root = tk.Tk()

    Edition_Filter = OptionMenu(root, "Edition", *editionMap.keys())
    Edition_Filter.grid(row=0, column=0)

    Language_Filter = OptionMenu(root, "Language", *langMap.keys())
    Language_Filter.grid(row=0, column=1)

    Topic_Filter = OptionMenu(root, "Topic", *topicMap.keys())
    Topic_Filter.grid(row=0, column=2)

    root.mainloop()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

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