不同邮件 api jar 的 sendmail 性能 (javamail) 缓慢
Slow sendmail performance (javamail) with different mail api jars
我正在测试中所述的 sendmail 示例
https://javaee.github.io/javamail/FAQ。这是一个简单的邮件发送操作，没有SSL，也没有附件。它在任何地方都可以正常工作，但在客户端上，当邮件 api 更新时，我们的性能会下降。
服务器是 windows，java 1.8.131，在所有测试用例上使用相同的邮件服务器和邮件帐户以及相同的地址和 java 源。唯一的区别是使用的 mailapi。我运行程序用
java -cp javax.mail.1.X.X.jar;sendmailtesttool.jar SendMail
我为每封邮件尝试了 100 次 api 并得到了平均持续时间。
- JavaMailApi 版本：1.4.0 持续时间 < 1 秒。
- JavaMailApi 版本：1.4.2 持续时间 9-10 秒。
- Java邮件Api 版本：1.5.2 时长 29-30 秒
- JavaMailApi 版本：1.5.6 持续时间 29-30 秒。
- Java邮件Api 版本：1.6.0 时长 29-30 秒
使用的来源：
Properties properties = new Properties();
properties.put("mail.smtp.host", 192.168.0.X); // use default port25
Session session = Session.getInstance(properties);
MimeMessage msg = new MimeMessage(session);
msg.setFrom(..);
msg.setSubject(..);
msg.setRecipients(..);
//no attachments
MultiPart mp = new MultiPart();
MimeBodyPart bp = new MimeBodyPart();
DataSource ds = ByteArrayDataSource("foo"..);
DataHandler dh = new DataHandler(ds);
bp.setDataHandler(dh);
mp.addBodyPart(bp);
msg.setContent(mp);
Transport transport = session.getTransport("smtp");
transport.connect(host, username, password);
msg.saveChanges(); // is really needed ? (no reply/forward)
transport.sendMessage(msg, msg.getAllRecipients());
transport.close();
测试工具的输出
Java 邮件 Api 1.4.0
Sending mail.....start
Setting port to:25
Setting host to:192.168.0.213
Set additional session prop host to prevent HELO
Set additional session prop from to prevent EHLO
Session generated with authenticator took:63
Message generated took:47
Parse from address took:0
Set from address to message took:0
Set recipients took:0
Get all recipients took:0
Set cc, bcc took:0
Parse subject took:16
Set subject to message took:0
Set body text took:0
Set content took:0
Set sent date took:15
Transport generated took:32
Connected to transport took:93
Save changes took:0
Message send took:94
Transport closed took:0
Message id fetched took:0
Sending mail.....completed in 391
Average took: *391.0*
Java 邮件 Api 1.5.6
Sending mail.....start
Setting port to:25
Setting host to:192.168.0.213
Set additional session prop host to prevent HELO
Set additional session prop from to prevent EHLO
Session generated with authenticator took:62
Message generated took:63
Parse from address took:0
Set from address to message took:16
Set recipients took:0
Get all recipients took:0
Set cc, bcc took:0
Parse subject took:0
Set subject to message took:0
Set body text took:0
Set content took:0
Set sent date took:15
Transport generated took:32
Connected to transport took:9126
Save changes took:0
Message send took:47
Transport closed took:0
Message id fetched took:0
Sending mail.....completed in 9423
Average took: *9423.0*
jvm 邮件调试输出
Java 邮件 API 1.4.0
DEBUG: setDebug: JavaMail version 1.4ea
DEBUG: getProvider() returning
javax.mail.Provider[TRANSPORT,smtp,com.sun.mail.s
mtp.SMTPTransport,Sun Microsystems, Inc]
DEBUG SMTP: useEhlo true, useAuth true
DEBUG SMTP: trying to connect to host "192.168.0.X", port 25, isSSL
false
220 mail.******.com ESMTP Postfix
DEBUG SMTP: connected to host "192.168.0.X", port: 25
EHLO WIN-0RL58R42TTN
250-mail.******.com
250-PIPELINING
250-SIZE 102400000
250-VRFY
250-ETRN
250-STARTTLS
250-AUTH PLAIN LOGIN
250-AUTH=PLAIN LOGIN
250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES
250-8BITMIME
250 DSN
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "PIPELINING", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "SIZE", arg "102400000"
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "VRFY", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "ETRN", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "STARTTLS", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "AUTH", arg "PLAIN LOGIN"
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "AUTH=PLAIN", arg "LOGIN"
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "8BITMIME", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "DSN", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: Attempt to authenticate
AUTH LOGIN
334 VXNlcm5hbWU6
am9iaW4uZWxhbmppY2thbEBhbGNvbmVsZWN0cm9uaWNzLmNvbQ==
334 UGFzc3dvcmQ6
Sk9CSU5ANzc3TnM=
235 2.7.0 Authentication successful
DEBUG SMTP: use8bit false
MAIL FROM:<sender@******.com>
250 2.1.0 Ok
RCPT TO:<receiver@******.com>
250 2.1.5 Ok
DEBUG SMTP: Verified Addresses
DEBUG SMTP: receiver@******.com
DATA
354 End data with <CR><LF>.<CR><LF>
Date: Thu, 14 Dec 2017 14:17:46 +0530 (IST)
From: sender@******.com
To: receiver@******.com
Message-ID: <396180261.01513241266298.JavaMail.sender@******
.com>
Subject: test3
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/mixed;
boundary="----=_Part_0_2093176254.1513241266126"
------=_Part_0_2093176254.1513241266126
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
test
------=_Part_0_2093176254.1513241266126--
.
250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as 7E38D48F0411
QUIT
221 2.0.0 Bye
Java 邮件 API 1.5.6
DEBUG: setDebug: JavaMail version 1.5.6
DEBUG: getProvider() returning
javax.mail.Provider[TRANSPORT,smtp,com.sun.mail.s
mtp.SMTPTransport,Oracle]
DEBUG SMTP: useEhlo true, useAuth true
DEBUG SMTP: trying to connect to host "192.168.0.X", port 25, isSSL
false
220 mail.******.com ESMTP Postfix
DEBUG SMTP: connected to host "192.168.0.X", port: 25
EHLO WIN-0RL58R42TTN
250-mail.******.com
250-PIPELINING
250-SIZE 102400000
250-VRFY
250-ETRN
250-STARTTLS
250-AUTH PLAIN LOGIN
250-AUTH=PLAIN LOGIN
250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES
250-8BITMIME
250 DSN
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "PIPELINING", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "SIZE", arg "102400000"
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "VRFY", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "ETRN", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "STARTTLS", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "AUTH", arg "PLAIN LOGIN"
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "AUTH=PLAIN", arg "LOGIN"
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "8BITMIME", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "DSN", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: protocolConnect login, host=192.168.0.X, user=sender@alc
onelectronics.com, password=<non-null>
DEBUG SMTP: Attempt to authenticate using mechanisms: LOGIN PLAIN
DIGEST-MD5 NTL
M XOAUTH2
DEBUG SMTP: Using mechanism LOGIN
DEBUG SMTP: AUTH LOGIN command trace suppressed
DEBUG SMTP: AUTH LOGIN succeeded
DEBUG SMTP: use8bit false
MAIL FROM:<sender@******.com>
250 2.1.0 Ok
RCPT TO:<receiver@******.com>
250 2.1.5 Ok
DEBUG SMTP: Verified Addresses
DEBUG SMTP: receiver@******.com
DATA
354 End data with <CR><LF>.<CR><LF>
Date: Thu, 14 Dec 2017 14:18:03 +0530 (IST)
From: sender@******.com
To: receiver@******.com
Message-ID: <1109371569.1.1513241292669@******.com>
Subject: test3
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/mixed;
boundary="----=_Part_0_1349393271.1513241283434"
------=_Part_0_1349393271.1513241283434
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
test
------=_Part_0_1349393271.1513241283434--
.
250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as D894D48F0411
DEBUG SMTP: message successfully delivered to mail server
QUIT
221 2.0.0 Bye
我不认为只有一个原因可以让它变慢。您可能需要更改示例下方的一些默认值。
In the 1.6 document of the mail api 对于 属性 mail.mime.address.usecanonicalhostname 它指出：
Use the InetAddress.getCanonicalHostName method to determine the host name in the InternetAddress.getLocalAddress method. With some network configurations, InetAddress.getCanonicalHostName may be slow or may return an address instead of a host name. In that case, setting this System property to false will cause the InetAddress.getHostName method to be used instead. The default is true.
因此，如果您将默认值更改为 false，它可能会改变其性能。
我还建议查看 java mail apis release notes 以找出一些线索。
您的代码有错误。使用 session.getTransport 而不是 session.getInstance 获得 Transport 对象；而且我们看不到在您的调用 transport.connect(host,..) 中初始化主机的位置；如果您设置了正确的属性并且没有任何 DNS 解决问题，connect(user , password) 应该足够了。
我正在测试中所述的 sendmail 示例 https://javaee.github.io/javamail/FAQ。这是一个简单的邮件发送操作，没有SSL，也没有附件。它在任何地方都可以正常工作，但在客户端上，当邮件 api 更新时，我们的性能会下降。
服务器是 windows，java 1.8.131，在所有测试用例上使用相同的邮件服务器和邮件帐户以及相同的地址和 java 源。唯一的区别是使用的 mailapi。我运行程序用
java -cp javax.mail.1.X.X.jar;sendmailtesttool.jar SendMail
我为每封邮件尝试了 100 次 api 并得到了平均持续时间。
- JavaMailApi 版本：1.4.0 持续时间 < 1 秒。
- JavaMailApi 版本：1.4.2 持续时间 9-10 秒。
- Java邮件Api 版本：1.5.2 时长 29-30 秒
- JavaMailApi 版本：1.5.6 持续时间 29-30 秒。
- Java邮件Api 版本：1.6.0 时长 29-30 秒
使用的来源：
Properties properties = new Properties();
properties.put("mail.smtp.host", 192.168.0.X); // use default port25
Session session = Session.getInstance(properties);
MimeMessage msg = new MimeMessage(session);
msg.setFrom(..);
msg.setSubject(..);
msg.setRecipients(..);
//no attachments
MultiPart mp = new MultiPart();
MimeBodyPart bp = new MimeBodyPart();
DataSource ds = ByteArrayDataSource("foo"..);
DataHandler dh = new DataHandler(ds);
bp.setDataHandler(dh);
mp.addBodyPart(bp);
msg.setContent(mp);
Transport transport = session.getTransport("smtp");
transport.connect(host, username, password);
msg.saveChanges(); // is really needed ? (no reply/forward)
transport.sendMessage(msg, msg.getAllRecipients());
transport.close();
测试工具的输出
Java 邮件 Api 1.4.0
Sending mail.....start
Setting port to:25
Setting host to:192.168.0.213
Set additional session prop host to prevent HELO
Set additional session prop from to prevent EHLO
Session generated with authenticator took:63
Message generated took:47
Parse from address took:0
Set from address to message took:0
Set recipients took:0
Get all recipients took:0
Set cc, bcc took:0
Parse subject took:16
Set subject to message took:0
Set body text took:0
Set content took:0
Set sent date took:15
Transport generated took:32
Connected to transport took:93
Save changes took:0
Message send took:94
Transport closed took:0
Message id fetched took:0
Sending mail.....completed in 391
Average took: *391.0*
Java 邮件 Api 1.5.6
Sending mail.....start
Setting port to:25
Setting host to:192.168.0.213
Set additional session prop host to prevent HELO
Set additional session prop from to prevent EHLO
Session generated with authenticator took:62
Message generated took:63
Parse from address took:0
Set from address to message took:16
Set recipients took:0
Get all recipients took:0
Set cc, bcc took:0
Parse subject took:0
Set subject to message took:0
Set body text took:0
Set content took:0
Set sent date took:15
Transport generated took:32
Connected to transport took:9126
Save changes took:0
Message send took:47
Transport closed took:0
Message id fetched took:0
Sending mail.....completed in 9423
Average took: *9423.0*
jvm 邮件调试输出
Java 邮件 API 1.4.0
DEBUG: setDebug: JavaMail version 1.4ea
DEBUG: getProvider() returning
javax.mail.Provider[TRANSPORT,smtp,com.sun.mail.s
mtp.SMTPTransport,Sun Microsystems, Inc]
DEBUG SMTP: useEhlo true, useAuth true
DEBUG SMTP: trying to connect to host "192.168.0.X", port 25, isSSL
false
220 mail.******.com ESMTP Postfix
DEBUG SMTP: connected to host "192.168.0.X", port: 25
EHLO WIN-0RL58R42TTN
250-mail.******.com
250-PIPELINING
250-SIZE 102400000
250-VRFY
250-ETRN
250-STARTTLS
250-AUTH PLAIN LOGIN
250-AUTH=PLAIN LOGIN
250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES
250-8BITMIME
250 DSN
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "PIPELINING", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "SIZE", arg "102400000"
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "VRFY", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "ETRN", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "STARTTLS", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "AUTH", arg "PLAIN LOGIN"
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "AUTH=PLAIN", arg "LOGIN"
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "8BITMIME", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "DSN", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: Attempt to authenticate
AUTH LOGIN
334 VXNlcm5hbWU6
am9iaW4uZWxhbmppY2thbEBhbGNvbmVsZWN0cm9uaWNzLmNvbQ==
334 UGFzc3dvcmQ6
Sk9CSU5ANzc3TnM=
235 2.7.0 Authentication successful
DEBUG SMTP: use8bit false
MAIL FROM:<sender@******.com>
250 2.1.0 Ok
RCPT TO:<receiver@******.com>
250 2.1.5 Ok
DEBUG SMTP: Verified Addresses
DEBUG SMTP: receiver@******.com
DATA
354 End data with <CR><LF>.<CR><LF>
Date: Thu, 14 Dec 2017 14:17:46 +0530 (IST)
From: sender@******.com
To: receiver@******.com
Message-ID: <396180261.01513241266298.JavaMail.sender@******
.com>
Subject: test3
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/mixed;
boundary="----=_Part_0_2093176254.1513241266126"
------=_Part_0_2093176254.1513241266126
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
test
------=_Part_0_2093176254.1513241266126--
.
250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as 7E38D48F0411
QUIT
221 2.0.0 Bye
Java 邮件 API 1.5.6
DEBUG: setDebug: JavaMail version 1.5.6
DEBUG: getProvider() returning
javax.mail.Provider[TRANSPORT,smtp,com.sun.mail.s
mtp.SMTPTransport,Oracle]
DEBUG SMTP: useEhlo true, useAuth true
DEBUG SMTP: trying to connect to host "192.168.0.X", port 25, isSSL
false
220 mail.******.com ESMTP Postfix
DEBUG SMTP: connected to host "192.168.0.X", port: 25
EHLO WIN-0RL58R42TTN
250-mail.******.com
250-PIPELINING
250-SIZE 102400000
250-VRFY
250-ETRN
250-STARTTLS
250-AUTH PLAIN LOGIN
250-AUTH=PLAIN LOGIN
250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES
250-8BITMIME
250 DSN
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "PIPELINING", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "SIZE", arg "102400000"
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "VRFY", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "ETRN", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "STARTTLS", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "AUTH", arg "PLAIN LOGIN"
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "AUTH=PLAIN", arg "LOGIN"
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "8BITMIME", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: Found extension "DSN", arg ""
DEBUG SMTP: protocolConnect login, host=192.168.0.X, user=sender@alc
onelectronics.com, password=<non-null>
DEBUG SMTP: Attempt to authenticate using mechanisms: LOGIN PLAIN
DIGEST-MD5 NTL
M XOAUTH2
DEBUG SMTP: Using mechanism LOGIN
DEBUG SMTP: AUTH LOGIN command trace suppressed
DEBUG SMTP: AUTH LOGIN succeeded
DEBUG SMTP: use8bit false
MAIL FROM:<sender@******.com>
250 2.1.0 Ok
RCPT TO:<receiver@******.com>
250 2.1.5 Ok
DEBUG SMTP: Verified Addresses
DEBUG SMTP: receiver@******.com
DATA
354 End data with <CR><LF>.<CR><LF>
Date: Thu, 14 Dec 2017 14:18:03 +0530 (IST)
From: sender@******.com
To: receiver@******.com
Message-ID: <1109371569.1.1513241292669@******.com>
Subject: test3
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: multipart/mixed;
boundary="----=_Part_0_1349393271.1513241283434"
------=_Part_0_1349393271.1513241283434
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
test
------=_Part_0_1349393271.1513241283434--
.
250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as D894D48F0411
DEBUG SMTP: message successfully delivered to mail server
QUIT
221 2.0.0 Bye
我不认为只有一个原因可以让它变慢。您可能需要更改示例下方的一些默认值。
In the 1.6 document of the mail api 对于 属性 mail.mime.address.usecanonicalhostname 它指出：
Use the InetAddress.getCanonicalHostName method to determine the host name in the InternetAddress.getLocalAddress method. With some network configurations, InetAddress.getCanonicalHostName may be slow or may return an address instead of a host name. In that case, setting this System property to false will cause the InetAddress.getHostName method to be used instead. The default is true.
因此，如果您将默认值更改为 false，它可能会改变其性能。
我还建议查看 java mail apis release notes 以找出一些线索。
您的代码有错误。使用 session.getTransport 而不是 session.getInstance 获得 Transport 对象；而且我们看不到在您的调用 transport.connect(host,..) 中初始化主机的位置；如果您设置了正确的属性并且没有任何 DNS 解决问题，connect(user , password) 应该足够了。