如何以编程方式添加 TextView 并在布局中对齐它们

Question

我想创建一些 TextView（和按钮），然后将它们放在 ConstraintLayout 中的 RelativeLayout 上（也可以是 LinearLayout 或任何其他可行的东西）... 我的目标是为每个按钮在其左侧放置一个文本视图，并将它们居中放置在布局中。（这就是我想用 Layoutparams 做的）。但为什么我会收到 NullPointer 异常？

XML布局：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout 
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:id="@+id/welcomeiqlinear"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
tools:context="com.example.william.httprequest.Welcome_InitialQuestions">

<TextView
    android:id="@+id/textView14"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_marginLeft="8dp"
    android:layout_marginRight="8dp"
    android:layout_marginTop="16dp"
    android:text="@string/wilkommen"
    android:textAlignment="center"
    android:textSize="35sp"
    app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent" />

<TextView
    android:id="@+id/textView28"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_marginLeft="8dp"
    android:layout_marginRight="8dp"
    android:layout_marginTop="24dp"
    android:text="@string/wilkommen_t1"
    android:textAlignment="center"
    app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.0"
    app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/textView14" />

<Button
    android:id="@+id/startinitialbtn"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
    android:layout_marginLeft="8dp"
    android:layout_marginRight="8dp"
    android:backgroundTint="@color/aqua"
    android:elevation="0dp"
    android:text="@string/start_btn"
    android:textColor="@color/white"
    app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent" />

<RelativeLayout
    android:id="@+id/onetimerelative"
    android:layout_width="0dp"
    android:layout_height="0dp"
    android:layout_marginBottom="8dp"
    android:layout_marginEnd="8dp"
    android:layout_marginStart="8dp"
    android:layout_marginTop="8dp"
    app:layout_constraintBottom_toTopOf="@+id/startinitialbtn"
    app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
    app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/textView28"
    app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="1.0">

</RelativeLayout>

</android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout>

Java代码：

@Override
        public void onResponse(String response) {

            //Log.i(TAG, "MY_PROFILE_DATA: "+ response);

            studiesList = new LinkedList<String>();

            try {
                JSONObject jsonObject1 = new JSONObject(response);
                JSONArray jArray = jsonObject1.getJSONArray("data");

                if (jArray != null) {
                    for (int i = 0; i < jArray.length(); i++) {
                        studiesList.add(jArray.getString(i));
                    }
                }

            } catch (JSONException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

            Iterator<String> itr=studiesList.iterator();
            //Log.i(TAG,"Questionnaire_DATA: "+ studiesList.toString());
            int i = 1;
            while(itr.hasNext())
            {
                if(i==1) {

                    Log.i(TAG, "Questionnaire_DATA: " + itr.next());

                    //add textViews
                    TextView textView = new 
                    TextView(getApplicationContext());

                    textView.setText("Fragebogen " + i);


                    //add buttons
                    Button button = new Button(getApplicationContext());
                    button.setText("Offen");
                    button.setId(i);

                    RelativeLayout.LayoutParams lp = 
                   (RelativeLayout.LayoutParams) 
                    otrelativeLayout.getLayoutParams();
                    lp.addRule(RelativeLayout.ALIGN_PARENT_LEFT, 0);
                    lp.addRule(RelativeLayout.RIGHT_OF, button.getId());
                    lp.addRule(RelativeLayout.ALIGN_BASELINE, button.getId());

                    textView.setLayoutParams(lp);

                    otrelativeLayout.addView(button);
                    otrelativeLayout.addView(textView);
                    i++;
                } else {





                }
            }

错误：

FATAL EXCEPTION: main

Process: com.example.william.httprequest, PID: 26073

java.lang.ClassCastException: 
android.support.constraint.ConstraintLayout$LayoutParams cannot be cast to 
android.widget.RelativeLayout$LayoutParams

如果有任何帮助，我将不胜感激:)

Answer 1

View.getLayoutParams() 的 Android 文档声明返回的布局参数提供给此视图的 parent。这解释了 ClassCastException：当在你的 RelativeLayout 上调用 getLayoutParams() 时，你正在检索描述它应该如何在其父 ConstraintLayout 中布局的布局参数，因此是ConstraintLayout.LayoutParams.

您必须为每个要添加为 [=12= 的子项的 TextView 或 Button 实例化一个新的 RelativeLayout.LayoutParams，配置其参数，用 View.setLayoutParams(ViewGroupe.LayoutParams) 设置它，然后将新创建的视图添加到它的 RelativeLayout 父视图。

如何以编程方式添加 TextView 并在布局中对齐它们

How to programmatically add TextViews and align them in a Layout

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