如何在我的代币合约中接收以太币以自动将它们转移给付款人
How to receive ether in my token contract to transfer them automatically to payers
当有人将以太币发送到我的代币地址时，我想要实现的目标是必须自动发回等量的代币（我也在手动设置代币价格）。问题是我无法将以太币发送到令牌地址。我正在从 ethereum.org 学习代码。我从那里复制了代码，做了一些小改动。
这是我试过的
pragma solidity ^0.4.16;
contract owned {
address public owner;
function owned() public {
owner = msg.sender;
}
modifier onlyOwner {
require(msg.sender == owner);
_;
}
function transferOwnership(address newOwner) onlyOwner public {
owner = newOwner;
}
}
/**
* @title SafeMath
* @dev Math operations with safety checks that throw on error
*/
library SafeMath {
function mul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
if (a == 0) {
return 0;
}
uint256 c = a * b;
assert(c / a == b);
return c;
}
function div(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
// assert(b > 0); // Solidity automatically throws when dividing by 0
uint256 c = a / b;
// assert(a == b * c + a % b); // There is no case in which this doesn't hold
return c;
}
function sub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
assert(b <= a);
return a - b;
}
function add(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
uint256 c = a + b;
assert(c >= a);
return c;
}
}
interface tokenRecipient { function receiveApproval(address _from, uint256 _value, address _token, bytes _extraData) public; }
contract TokenERC20 {
// Public variables of the token
string public name;
string public symbol;
uint8 public decimals;
// 18 decimals is the strongly suggested default, avoid changing it
uint256 public totalSupply;
// This creates an array with all balances
mapping (address => uint256) public balanceOf;
mapping (address => mapping (address => uint256)) public allowance;
// This generates a public event on the blockchain that will notify clients
event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);
// This notifies clients about the amount burnt
event Burn(address indexed from, uint256 value);
/**
* Constructor function
*
* Initializes contract with initial supply tokens to the creator of the contract
*/
function TokenERC20(
uint256 initialSupply,
string tokenName,
string tokenSymbol,
uint8 dividetoken
) public {
balanceOf[msg.sender] = totalSupply; // Give the creator all initial tokens
name = tokenName; // Set the name for display purposes
symbol = tokenSymbol; // Set the symbol for display purposes
decimals = dividetoken;
totalSupply = initialSupply * 10 ** uint256(decimals); // Update total supply with the decimal amount
}
/**
* Internal transfer, only can be called by this contract
*/
function _transfer(address _from, address _to, uint _value) internal {
// Prevent transfer to 0x0 address. Use burn() instead
require(_to != 0x0);
// Check if the sender has enough
require(balanceOf[_from] >= _value);
// Check for overflows
require(balanceOf[_to] + _value > balanceOf[_to]);
// Save this for an assertion in the future
uint previousBalances = balanceOf[_from] + balanceOf[_to];
// Subtract from the sender
balanceOf[_from] -= _value;
// Add the same to the recipient
balanceOf[_to] += _value;
Transfer(_from, _to, _value);
// Asserts are used to use static analysis to find bugs in your code. They should never fail
assert(balanceOf[_from] + balanceOf[_to] == previousBalances);
}
/**
* Transfer tokens
*
* Send `_value` tokens to `_to` from your account
*
* @param _to The address of the recipient
* @param _value the amount to send
*/
function transfer(address _to, uint256 _value) public {
_transfer(msg.sender, _to, _value);
}
/**
* Transfer tokens from other address
*
* Send `_value` tokens to `_to` in behalf of `_from`
*
* @param _from The address of the sender
* @param _to The address of the recipient
* @param _value the amount to send
*/
function transferFrom(address _from, address _to, uint256 _value) public returns (bool success) {
require(_value <= allowance[_from][msg.sender]); // Check allowance
allowance[_from][msg.sender] -= _value;
_transfer(_from, _to, _value);
return true;
}
/**
* Set allowance for other address
*
* Allows `_spender` to spend no more than `_value` tokens in your behalf
*
* @param _spender The address authorized to spend
* @param _value the max amount they can spend
*/
function approve(address _spender, uint256 _value) public
returns (bool success) {
allowance[msg.sender][_spender] = _value;
return true;
}
/**
* Set allowance for other address and notify
*
* Allows `_spender` to spend no more than `_value` tokens in your behalf, and then ping the contract about it
*
* @param _spender The address authorized to spend
* @param _value the max amount they can spend
* @param _extraData some extra information to send to the approved contract
*/
function approveAndCall(address _spender, uint256 _value, bytes _extraData)
public
returns (bool success) {
tokenRecipient spender = tokenRecipient(_spender);
if (approve(_spender, _value)) {
spender.receiveApproval(msg.sender, _value, this, _extraData);
return true;
}
}
/**
* Destroy tokens
*
* Remove `_value` tokens from the system irreversibly
*
* @param _value the amount of money to burn
*/
function burn(uint256 _value) public returns (bool success) {
require(balanceOf[msg.sender] >= _value); // Check if the sender has enough
balanceOf[msg.sender] -= _value; // Subtract from the sender
totalSupply -= _value; // Updates totalSupply
Burn(msg.sender, _value);
return true;
}
/**
* Destroy tokens from other account
*
* Remove `_value` tokens from the system irreversibly on behalf of `_from`.
*
* @param _from the address of the sender
* @param _value the amount of money to burn
*/
function burnFrom(address _from, uint256 _value) public returns (bool success) {
require(balanceOf[_from] >= _value); // Check if the targeted balance is enough
require(_value <= allowance[_from][msg.sender]); // Check allowance
balanceOf[_from] -= _value; // Subtract from the targeted balance
allowance[_from][msg.sender] -= _value; // Subtract from the sender's allowance
totalSupply -= _value; // Update totalSupply
Burn(_from, _value);
return true;
}
}
/******************************************/
/* ADVANCED TOKEN STARTS HERE */
/******************************************/
contract mintableToken is owned, TokenERC20 {
using SafeMath for uint256;
uint256 public sellPrice;
uint256 public buyPrice;
uint256 public cap; //Hard Cap Amount
string public version ; //Version standard. Just an arbitrary versioning scheme.
mapping (address => bool) public frozenAccount;
/* This generates a public event on the blockchain that will notify clients */
event FrozenFunds(address target, bool frozen);
/* Initializes contract with initial supply tokens to the creator of the contract */
function mintableToken(
uint256 initialSupply,
string tokenName,
string tokenSymbol,
uint8 decimals,
uint256 _cap,
string _version
) TokenERC20(initialSupply, tokenName, tokenSymbol,decimals) public {
require(_cap > 0);
cap = _cap;
version=_version;
}
/* Internal transfer, only can be called by this contract */
function _transfer(address _from, address _to, uint _value) internal {
require (_to != 0x0); // Prevent transfer to 0x0 address. Use burn() instead
require (balanceOf[_from] >= _value); // Check if the sender has enough
require (balanceOf[_to] + _value > balanceOf[_to]); // Check for overflows
require(!frozenAccount[_from]); // Check if sender is frozen
require(!frozenAccount[_to]); // Check if recipient is frozen
balanceOf[_from] -= _value; // Subtract from the sender
balanceOf[_to] += _value; // Add the same to the recipient
Transfer(_from, _to, _value);
}
/// @notice Create `mintedAmount` tokens and send it to `target`
/// @param target Address to receive the tokens
/// @param mintedAmount the amount of tokens it will receive
function mintToken(address target, uint256 mintedAmount) onlyOwner public {
require(totalSupply.add(mintedAmount) <= cap);
balanceOf[target] += mintedAmount;
totalSupply += mintedAmount;
Transfer(0, this, mintedAmount);
Transfer(this, target, mintedAmount);
}
/// @notice `freeze? Prevent | Allow` `target` from sending & receiving tokens
/// @param target Address to be frozen
/// @param freeze either to freeze it or not
function freezeAccount(address target, bool freeze) onlyOwner public {
frozenAccount[target] = freeze;
FrozenFunds(target, freeze);
}
/// @notice Allow users to buy tokens for `newBuyPrice` eth and sell tokens for `newSellPrice` eth
/// @param newSellPrice Price the users can sell to the contract
/// @param newBuyPrice Price users can buy from the contract
function setPrices(uint256 newSellPrice, uint256 newBuyPrice) onlyOwner public {
sellPrice = newSellPrice;
buyPrice = newBuyPrice;
}
/// @notice Buy tokens from contract by sending ether
function buy() payable public {
uint amount = msg.value / buyPrice; // calculates the amount
_transfer(this, msg.sender, amount); // makes the transfers
}
/// @notice Sell `amount` tokens to contract
/// @param amount amount of tokens to be sold
function sell(uint256 amount) public {
require(this.balance >= amount * sellPrice); // checks if the contract has enough ether to buy
_transfer(msg.sender, this, amount); // makes the transfers
msg.sender.transfer(amount * sellPrice); // sends ether to the seller. It's important to do this last to avoid recursion attacks
}
}
// TestCoin
contract TestCoin is mintableToken(0,"TestCoin","TEC",4,100000000,"Ver-2.0"){
function () payable public{
mintableToken.buy();
}
}
下一步做什么，或者代码中是否存在问题。我完全被困了 3 天。如果有人能贡献他宝贵的时间来查看代码，那将是一个很大的帮助。
提前致谢
编辑
当我尝试将以太币发送到令牌地址时，显示以下错误
(error_22) Could not estimate gas. There are not enough funds in the
account, or the receiving contract address would throw an error. Feel
free to manually set the gas and proceed.
编辑-2
上面的问题已经解决，即我现在可以将以太币发送到代币合约了。下面是完全改变的代码（我会升级它来实现更多的条件语句，我现在只想要等量的代币应该奖励给以太坊消费者），这次它不是 mintable 代币，它是固定供应代币
pragma solidity ^0.4.4;
contract Token {
/// @return total amount of tokens
function totalSupply() constant returns (uint256 supply) {}
/// @param _owner The address from which the balance will be retrieved
/// @return The balance
function balanceOf(address _owner) constant returns (uint256 balance) {}
/// @notice send `_value` token to `_to` from `msg.sender`
/// @param _to The address of the recipient
/// @param _value The amount of token to be transferred
/// @return Whether the transfer was successful or not
function transfer(address _to, uint256 _value) returns (bool success) {}
/// @notice send `_value` token to `_to` from `_from` on the condition it is approved by `_from`
/// @param _from The address of the sender
/// @param _to The address of the recipient
/// @param _value The amount of token to be transferred
/// @return Whether the transfer was successful or not
function transferFrom(address _from, address _to, uint256 _value) returns (bool success) {}
/// @notice `msg.sender` approves `_addr` to spend `_value` tokens
/// @param _spender The address of the account able to transfer the tokens
/// @param _value The amount of wei to be approved for transfer
/// @return Whether the approval was successful or not
function approve(address _spender, uint256 _value) returns (bool success) {}
/// @param _owner The address of the account owning tokens
/// @param _spender The address of the account able to transfer the tokens
/// @return Amount of remaining tokens allowed to spent
function allowance(address _owner, address _spender) constant returns (uint256 remaining) {}
event Transfer(address indexed _from, address indexed _to, uint256 _value);
event Approval(address indexed _owner, address indexed _spender, uint256 _value);
}
contract StandardToken is Token {
function transfer(address _to, uint256 _value) returns (bool success) {
//Default assumes totalSupply can't be over max (2^256 - 1).
//If your token leaves out totalSupply and can issue more tokens as time goes on, you need to check if it doesn't wrap.
//Replace the if with this one instead.
//if (balances[msg.sender] >= _value && balances[_to] + _value > balances[_to]) {
if (balances[msg.sender] >= _value && _value > 0) {
balances[msg.sender] -= _value;
balances[_to] += _value;
Transfer(msg.sender, _to, _value);
return true;
} else { return false; }
}
function transferFrom(address _from, address _to, uint256 _value) returns (bool success) {
//same as above. Replace this line with the following if you want to protect against wrapping uints.
//if (balances[_from] >= _value && allowed[_from][msg.sender] >= _value && balances[_to] + _value > balances[_to]) {
if (balances[_from] >= _value && allowed[_from][msg.sender] >= _value && _value > 0) {
balances[_to] += _value;
balances[_from] -= _value;
allowed[_from][msg.sender] -= _value;
Transfer(_from, _to, _value);
return true;
} else { return false; }
}
function balanceOf(address _owner) constant returns (uint256 balance) {
return balances[_owner];
}
function approve(address _spender, uint256 _value) returns (bool success) {
allowed[msg.sender][_spender] = _value;
Approval(msg.sender, _spender, _value);
return true;
}
function allowance(address _owner, address _spender) constant returns (uint256 remaining) {
return allowed[_owner][_spender];
}
mapping (address => uint256) balances;
mapping (address => mapping (address => uint256)) allowed;
uint256 public totalSupply;
}
//name this contract whatever you'd like
contract TestCoin is StandardToken {
function () payable public {
}
/* Public variables of the token */
/*
NOTE:
The following variables are OPTIONAL vanities. One does not have to include them.
They allow one to customise the token contract & in no way influences the core functionality.
Some wallets/interfaces might not even bother to look at this information.
*/
string public name; //fancy name: eg Simon Bucks
uint8 public decimals; //How many decimals to show. ie. There could 1000 base units with 3 decimals. Meaning 0.980 SBX = 980 base units. It's like comparing 1 wei to 1 ether.
string public symbol; //An identifier: eg SBX
string public version = 'H1.0'; //human 0.1 standard. Just an arbitrary versioning scheme.
//
// CHANGE THESE VALUES FOR YOUR TOKEN
//
//make sure this function name matches the contract name above. So if you're token is called TutorialToken, make sure the //contract name above is also TutorialToken instead of ERC20Token
function TestCoin(
) {
balances[msg.sender] = 1000000000000; // Give the creator all initial tokens (100000 for example)
totalSupply = 1000000000000; // Update total supply (100000 for example)
name = "TestCoin"; // Set the name for display purposes
decimals = 4; // Amount of decimals for display purposes
symbol = "BPC"; // Set the symbol for display purposes
}
/* Approves and then calls the receiving contract */
function approveAndCall(address _spender, uint256 _value, bytes _extraData) returns (bool success) {
allowed[msg.sender][_spender] = _value;
Approval(msg.sender, _spender, _value);
//call the receiveApproval function on the contract you want to be notified. This crafts the function signature manually so one doesn't have to include a contract in here just for this.
//receiveApproval(address _from, uint256 _value, address _tokenContract, bytes _extraData)
//it is assumed that when does this that the call *should* succeed, otherwise one would use vanilla approve instead.
if(!_spender.call(bytes4(bytes32(sha3("receiveApproval(address,uint256,address,bytes)"))), msg.sender, _value, this, _extraData)) { throw; }
return true;
}
}
您需要了解令牌的一般工作原理以及令牌的实际含义。令牌只是一个智能合约，它保存有关余额的信息（映射 address => uint）。所以它只保留指定地址持有的代币数量。而已。您需要知道的另一件事是回退功能（没有名称的那个）。在你的情况下它是空的。
function () payable public {
}
您需要做的是如下修改：
function () payable public {
balances[msg.sender] += msg.value;
}
您似乎也在试图打破单一职责原则，将代币销售功能直接添加到您的代币合约中，这通常不是一个好主意。我建议您查看我的 repository 并了解如何组织它以将事物分开。为了让它更容易理解，我在测试文件夹中添加了一些测试，所以请随时阅读测试以了解一切如何工作以及合约的预期行为是什么。
当有人将以太币发送到我的代币地址时，我想要实现的目标是必须自动发回等量的代币（我也在手动设置代币价格）。问题是我无法将以太币发送到令牌地址。我正在从 ethereum.org 学习代码。我从那里复制了代码，做了一些小改动。
这是我试过的
pragma solidity ^0.4.16;
contract owned {
address public owner;
function owned() public {
owner = msg.sender;
}
modifier onlyOwner {
require(msg.sender == owner);
_;
}
function transferOwnership(address newOwner) onlyOwner public {
owner = newOwner;
}
}
/**
* @title SafeMath
* @dev Math operations with safety checks that throw on error
*/
library SafeMath {
function mul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
if (a == 0) {
return 0;
}
uint256 c = a * b;
assert(c / a == b);
return c;
}
function div(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
// assert(b > 0); // Solidity automatically throws when dividing by 0
uint256 c = a / b;
// assert(a == b * c + a % b); // There is no case in which this doesn't hold
return c;
}
function sub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
assert(b <= a);
return a - b;
}
function add(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
uint256 c = a + b;
assert(c >= a);
return c;
}
}
interface tokenRecipient { function receiveApproval(address _from, uint256 _value, address _token, bytes _extraData) public; }
contract TokenERC20 {
// Public variables of the token
string public name;
string public symbol;
uint8 public decimals;
// 18 decimals is the strongly suggested default, avoid changing it
uint256 public totalSupply;
// This creates an array with all balances
mapping (address => uint256) public balanceOf;
mapping (address => mapping (address => uint256)) public allowance;
// This generates a public event on the blockchain that will notify clients
event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);
// This notifies clients about the amount burnt
event Burn(address indexed from, uint256 value);
/**
* Constructor function
*
* Initializes contract with initial supply tokens to the creator of the contract
*/
function TokenERC20(
uint256 initialSupply,
string tokenName,
string tokenSymbol,
uint8 dividetoken
) public {
balanceOf[msg.sender] = totalSupply; // Give the creator all initial tokens
name = tokenName; // Set the name for display purposes
symbol = tokenSymbol; // Set the symbol for display purposes
decimals = dividetoken;
totalSupply = initialSupply * 10 ** uint256(decimals); // Update total supply with the decimal amount
}
/**
* Internal transfer, only can be called by this contract
*/
function _transfer(address _from, address _to, uint _value) internal {
// Prevent transfer to 0x0 address. Use burn() instead
require(_to != 0x0);
// Check if the sender has enough
require(balanceOf[_from] >= _value);
// Check for overflows
require(balanceOf[_to] + _value > balanceOf[_to]);
// Save this for an assertion in the future
uint previousBalances = balanceOf[_from] + balanceOf[_to];
// Subtract from the sender
balanceOf[_from] -= _value;
// Add the same to the recipient
balanceOf[_to] += _value;
Transfer(_from, _to, _value);
// Asserts are used to use static analysis to find bugs in your code. They should never fail
assert(balanceOf[_from] + balanceOf[_to] == previousBalances);
}
/**
* Transfer tokens
*
* Send `_value` tokens to `_to` from your account
*
* @param _to The address of the recipient
* @param _value the amount to send
*/
function transfer(address _to, uint256 _value) public {
_transfer(msg.sender, _to, _value);
}
/**
* Transfer tokens from other address
*
* Send `_value` tokens to `_to` in behalf of `_from`
*
* @param _from The address of the sender
* @param _to The address of the recipient
* @param _value the amount to send
*/
function transferFrom(address _from, address _to, uint256 _value) public returns (bool success) {
require(_value <= allowance[_from][msg.sender]); // Check allowance
allowance[_from][msg.sender] -= _value;
_transfer(_from, _to, _value);
return true;
}
/**
* Set allowance for other address
*
* Allows `_spender` to spend no more than `_value` tokens in your behalf
*
* @param _spender The address authorized to spend
* @param _value the max amount they can spend
*/
function approve(address _spender, uint256 _value) public
returns (bool success) {
allowance[msg.sender][_spender] = _value;
return true;
}
/**
* Set allowance for other address and notify
*
* Allows `_spender` to spend no more than `_value` tokens in your behalf, and then ping the contract about it
*
* @param _spender The address authorized to spend
* @param _value the max amount they can spend
* @param _extraData some extra information to send to the approved contract
*/
function approveAndCall(address _spender, uint256 _value, bytes _extraData)
public
returns (bool success) {
tokenRecipient spender = tokenRecipient(_spender);
if (approve(_spender, _value)) {
spender.receiveApproval(msg.sender, _value, this, _extraData);
return true;
}
}
/**
* Destroy tokens
*
* Remove `_value` tokens from the system irreversibly
*
* @param _value the amount of money to burn
*/
function burn(uint256 _value) public returns (bool success) {
require(balanceOf[msg.sender] >= _value); // Check if the sender has enough
balanceOf[msg.sender] -= _value; // Subtract from the sender
totalSupply -= _value; // Updates totalSupply
Burn(msg.sender, _value);
return true;
}
/**
* Destroy tokens from other account
*
* Remove `_value` tokens from the system irreversibly on behalf of `_from`.
*
* @param _from the address of the sender
* @param _value the amount of money to burn
*/
function burnFrom(address _from, uint256 _value) public returns (bool success) {
require(balanceOf[_from] >= _value); // Check if the targeted balance is enough
require(_value <= allowance[_from][msg.sender]); // Check allowance
balanceOf[_from] -= _value; // Subtract from the targeted balance
allowance[_from][msg.sender] -= _value; // Subtract from the sender's allowance
totalSupply -= _value; // Update totalSupply
Burn(_from, _value);
return true;
}
}
/******************************************/
/* ADVANCED TOKEN STARTS HERE */
/******************************************/
contract mintableToken is owned, TokenERC20 {
using SafeMath for uint256;
uint256 public sellPrice;
uint256 public buyPrice;
uint256 public cap; //Hard Cap Amount
string public version ; //Version standard. Just an arbitrary versioning scheme.
mapping (address => bool) public frozenAccount;
/* This generates a public event on the blockchain that will notify clients */
event FrozenFunds(address target, bool frozen);
/* Initializes contract with initial supply tokens to the creator of the contract */
function mintableToken(
uint256 initialSupply,
string tokenName,
string tokenSymbol,
uint8 decimals,
uint256 _cap,
string _version
) TokenERC20(initialSupply, tokenName, tokenSymbol,decimals) public {
require(_cap > 0);
cap = _cap;
version=_version;
}
/* Internal transfer, only can be called by this contract */
function _transfer(address _from, address _to, uint _value) internal {
require (_to != 0x0); // Prevent transfer to 0x0 address. Use burn() instead
require (balanceOf[_from] >= _value); // Check if the sender has enough
require (balanceOf[_to] + _value > balanceOf[_to]); // Check for overflows
require(!frozenAccount[_from]); // Check if sender is frozen
require(!frozenAccount[_to]); // Check if recipient is frozen
balanceOf[_from] -= _value; // Subtract from the sender
balanceOf[_to] += _value; // Add the same to the recipient
Transfer(_from, _to, _value);
}
/// @notice Create `mintedAmount` tokens and send it to `target`
/// @param target Address to receive the tokens
/// @param mintedAmount the amount of tokens it will receive
function mintToken(address target, uint256 mintedAmount) onlyOwner public {
require(totalSupply.add(mintedAmount) <= cap);
balanceOf[target] += mintedAmount;
totalSupply += mintedAmount;
Transfer(0, this, mintedAmount);
Transfer(this, target, mintedAmount);
}
/// @notice `freeze? Prevent | Allow` `target` from sending & receiving tokens
/// @param target Address to be frozen
/// @param freeze either to freeze it or not
function freezeAccount(address target, bool freeze) onlyOwner public {
frozenAccount[target] = freeze;
FrozenFunds(target, freeze);
}
/// @notice Allow users to buy tokens for `newBuyPrice` eth and sell tokens for `newSellPrice` eth
/// @param newSellPrice Price the users can sell to the contract
/// @param newBuyPrice Price users can buy from the contract
function setPrices(uint256 newSellPrice, uint256 newBuyPrice) onlyOwner public {
sellPrice = newSellPrice;
buyPrice = newBuyPrice;
}
/// @notice Buy tokens from contract by sending ether
function buy() payable public {
uint amount = msg.value / buyPrice; // calculates the amount
_transfer(this, msg.sender, amount); // makes the transfers
}
/// @notice Sell `amount` tokens to contract
/// @param amount amount of tokens to be sold
function sell(uint256 amount) public {
require(this.balance >= amount * sellPrice); // checks if the contract has enough ether to buy
_transfer(msg.sender, this, amount); // makes the transfers
msg.sender.transfer(amount * sellPrice); // sends ether to the seller. It's important to do this last to avoid recursion attacks
}
}
// TestCoin
contract TestCoin is mintableToken(0,"TestCoin","TEC",4,100000000,"Ver-2.0"){
function () payable public{
mintableToken.buy();
}
}
下一步做什么，或者代码中是否存在问题。我完全被困了 3 天。如果有人能贡献他宝贵的时间来查看代码，那将是一个很大的帮助。
提前致谢
编辑
当我尝试将以太币发送到令牌地址时，显示以下错误
(error_22) Could not estimate gas. There are not enough funds in the account, or the receiving contract address would throw an error. Feel free to manually set the gas and proceed.
编辑-2
上面的问题已经解决，即我现在可以将以太币发送到代币合约了。下面是完全改变的代码（我会升级它来实现更多的条件语句，我现在只想要等量的代币应该奖励给以太坊消费者），这次它不是 mintable 代币，它是固定供应代币
pragma solidity ^0.4.4;
contract Token {
/// @return total amount of tokens
function totalSupply() constant returns (uint256 supply) {}
/// @param _owner The address from which the balance will be retrieved
/// @return The balance
function balanceOf(address _owner) constant returns (uint256 balance) {}
/// @notice send `_value` token to `_to` from `msg.sender`
/// @param _to The address of the recipient
/// @param _value The amount of token to be transferred
/// @return Whether the transfer was successful or not
function transfer(address _to, uint256 _value) returns (bool success) {}
/// @notice send `_value` token to `_to` from `_from` on the condition it is approved by `_from`
/// @param _from The address of the sender
/// @param _to The address of the recipient
/// @param _value The amount of token to be transferred
/// @return Whether the transfer was successful or not
function transferFrom(address _from, address _to, uint256 _value) returns (bool success) {}
/// @notice `msg.sender` approves `_addr` to spend `_value` tokens
/// @param _spender The address of the account able to transfer the tokens
/// @param _value The amount of wei to be approved for transfer
/// @return Whether the approval was successful or not
function approve(address _spender, uint256 _value) returns (bool success) {}
/// @param _owner The address of the account owning tokens
/// @param _spender The address of the account able to transfer the tokens
/// @return Amount of remaining tokens allowed to spent
function allowance(address _owner, address _spender) constant returns (uint256 remaining) {}
event Transfer(address indexed _from, address indexed _to, uint256 _value);
event Approval(address indexed _owner, address indexed _spender, uint256 _value);
}
contract StandardToken is Token {
function transfer(address _to, uint256 _value) returns (bool success) {
//Default assumes totalSupply can't be over max (2^256 - 1).
//If your token leaves out totalSupply and can issue more tokens as time goes on, you need to check if it doesn't wrap.
//Replace the if with this one instead.
//if (balances[msg.sender] >= _value && balances[_to] + _value > balances[_to]) {
if (balances[msg.sender] >= _value && _value > 0) {
balances[msg.sender] -= _value;
balances[_to] += _value;
Transfer(msg.sender, _to, _value);
return true;
} else { return false; }
}
function transferFrom(address _from, address _to, uint256 _value) returns (bool success) {
//same as above. Replace this line with the following if you want to protect against wrapping uints.
//if (balances[_from] >= _value && allowed[_from][msg.sender] >= _value && balances[_to] + _value > balances[_to]) {
if (balances[_from] >= _value && allowed[_from][msg.sender] >= _value && _value > 0) {
balances[_to] += _value;
balances[_from] -= _value;
allowed[_from][msg.sender] -= _value;
Transfer(_from, _to, _value);
return true;
} else { return false; }
}
function balanceOf(address _owner) constant returns (uint256 balance) {
return balances[_owner];
}
function approve(address _spender, uint256 _value) returns (bool success) {
allowed[msg.sender][_spender] = _value;
Approval(msg.sender, _spender, _value);
return true;
}
function allowance(address _owner, address _spender) constant returns (uint256 remaining) {
return allowed[_owner][_spender];
}
mapping (address => uint256) balances;
mapping (address => mapping (address => uint256)) allowed;
uint256 public totalSupply;
}
//name this contract whatever you'd like
contract TestCoin is StandardToken {
function () payable public {
}
/* Public variables of the token */
/*
NOTE:
The following variables are OPTIONAL vanities. One does not have to include them.
They allow one to customise the token contract & in no way influences the core functionality.
Some wallets/interfaces might not even bother to look at this information.
*/
string public name; //fancy name: eg Simon Bucks
uint8 public decimals; //How many decimals to show. ie. There could 1000 base units with 3 decimals. Meaning 0.980 SBX = 980 base units. It's like comparing 1 wei to 1 ether.
string public symbol; //An identifier: eg SBX
string public version = 'H1.0'; //human 0.1 standard. Just an arbitrary versioning scheme.
//
// CHANGE THESE VALUES FOR YOUR TOKEN
//
//make sure this function name matches the contract name above. So if you're token is called TutorialToken, make sure the //contract name above is also TutorialToken instead of ERC20Token
function TestCoin(
) {
balances[msg.sender] = 1000000000000; // Give the creator all initial tokens (100000 for example)
totalSupply = 1000000000000; // Update total supply (100000 for example)
name = "TestCoin"; // Set the name for display purposes
decimals = 4; // Amount of decimals for display purposes
symbol = "BPC"; // Set the symbol for display purposes
}
/* Approves and then calls the receiving contract */
function approveAndCall(address _spender, uint256 _value, bytes _extraData) returns (bool success) {
allowed[msg.sender][_spender] = _value;
Approval(msg.sender, _spender, _value);
//call the receiveApproval function on the contract you want to be notified. This crafts the function signature manually so one doesn't have to include a contract in here just for this.
//receiveApproval(address _from, uint256 _value, address _tokenContract, bytes _extraData)
//it is assumed that when does this that the call *should* succeed, otherwise one would use vanilla approve instead.
if(!_spender.call(bytes4(bytes32(sha3("receiveApproval(address,uint256,address,bytes)"))), msg.sender, _value, this, _extraData)) { throw; }
return true;
}
}
您需要了解令牌的一般工作原理以及令牌的实际含义。令牌只是一个智能合约，它保存有关余额的信息（映射 address => uint）。所以它只保留指定地址持有的代币数量。而已。您需要知道的另一件事是回退功能（没有名称的那个）。在你的情况下它是空的。
function () payable public {
}
您需要做的是如下修改：
function () payable public {
balances[msg.sender] += msg.value;
}
您似乎也在试图打破单一职责原则，将代币销售功能直接添加到您的代币合约中，这通常不是一个好主意。我建议您查看我的 repository 并了解如何组织它以将事物分开。为了让它更容易理解，我在测试文件夹中添加了一些测试，所以请随时阅读测试以了解一切如何工作以及合约的预期行为是什么。