Aiohttp：如何在 headers 中发送字节？

Question

我正在尝试通过 aiohttp:

将字节作为 header 值发送

payload = {
#ommited for brevity
}

encoded_payload = str.encode(json.dumps(payload))
b64 = base64.b64encode(encoded_payload)

# sign the requests
signature = hmac.new(str.encode(keys['private']), b64, hashlib.sha384).hexdigest()

headers = {
        'Content-Type': 'text/plain',
        'APIKEY': keys['public'],
        'PAYLOAD': b64, // base64 value
        'SIGNATURE': signature
    }

async with aiohttp.request(method="POST", url="example.com", headers=headers) as response:
    print(await response.text())

但是，我收到一个错误：

Traceback (most recent call last): File "get_gem.py", line 34, in loop.run_until_complete(get_gemini()) File "/home/thorad/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/asyncio/base_events.py", line 466, in run_until_complete return future.result() File "get_gem.py", line 29, in get_gemini async with aiohttp.request(method="POST", url=base_url + payload["request"], headers=headers) as response: File "/home/thorad/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/aiohttp/client.py", line 692, in aenter self._resp = yield from self._coro File "/home/thorad/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/aiohttp/client.py", line 277, in _request resp = req.send(conn) File "/home/thorad/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/aiohttp/client_reqrep.py", line 463, in send writer.write_headers(status_line, self.headers) File "/home/thorad/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/aiohttp/http_writer.py", line 247, in write_headers [k + SEP + v + END for k, v in headers.items()]) File "/home/thorad/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/site-packages/aiohttp/http_writer.py", line 247, in [k + SEP + v + END for k, v in headers.items()]) TypeError: must be str, not bytes

这表明我无法将字节作为 header.

发送

不幸的是，我正在使用的服务要求我这样做，否则 returns 一个错误。

我试过删除 'Content-Type'：'text/plain'

如何通过 aiohttp 将字节作为 header 发送？感谢您的帮助。

Answer 1

这里的问题是 b64encode returns 字节，但这些可以很容易地转换为正确的 unicode 字符串。它不会对您的服务器产生影响。

>>> b64 = base64.b64encode(b'...')
>>> type(b64)
<class 'bytes'>
>>> b64 = base64.b64encode(b'...').decode('utf8')
>>> type(b64)
<class 'str'>

Answer 2

将有效载荷转换为ascii:

payload = {
#ommited for brevity
}

encoded_payload = str.encode(json.dumps(payload))
b64 = base64.b64encode(encoded_payload)
b64 = b4.decode('ascii')  # conversion back to unicode

# sign the requests
signature = hmac.new(str.encode(keys['private']), b64, hashlib.sha384).hexdigest()

headers = {
        'Content-Type': 'text/plain',
        'APIKEY': keys['public'],
        'PAYLOAD': b64, // base64 value
        'SIGNATURE': signature
    }

async with aiohttp.request(method="POST", url="example.com", headers=headers) as response:
    print(await response.text())

Aiohttp：如何在 headers 中发送字节？

Aiohttp: How to send bytes in headers?

python

asynchronous

http

python-asyncio

aiohttp