如何同步路径和区域的动画?

How to synchronize animation of path and area?

我被D3.js v4动画困住了两行 & 面积:

见下图:

为了制作上面的东西,我做了 2 个大步骤:

  1. 通过设置属性 stroke-dasharrowstroke-dashoffset 为线条制作动画。 (灵感来自 Visual Cinnamon
  2. 通过调整 d3.area() 函数的参数为​​区域制作动画(灵感来自 other Stackoverlfow post

结果有点令人失望,因为下面的线和区域并不平行。

我的目标是模仿 Highchart 库,请参见示例 here,其插图如下:

似乎 Highchart 库使用了不同的动画技术,因为在 DOM 检查期间,DOM 动画路径没有任何变化的迹象。

如果有人能给我一些想法来进行试验,我将不胜感激。

我的代码示例如下:

let animationDuration = 5000;
// set the dimensions and margins of the graph
var margin = { top: 20, right: 20, bottom: 30, left: 50 },
    width = 480 - margin.left - margin.right,
    height = 250 - margin.top - margin.bottom;

// parse the date / time
var parseTime = d3.timeParse("%d-%b-%y");

// set the ranges
var x = d3.scaleTime().range([0, width]);
var y = d3.scaleLinear().range([height, 0]);

// define the area
var area = function (datum, boolean) {
    return d3.area()
        .y0(height)
        .y1(function (d) { return boolean ? y(d.close) : y(d.close); })
        .x(function (d) { return boolean ? x(d.date) : 0; })
        (datum);
}

// define the line
var valueline = d3.line()
    .x(function (d) { return x(d.date); })
    .y(function (d) { return y(d.close); });

// append the svg obgect to the body of the page
// appends a 'group' element to 'svg'
// moves the 'group' element to the top left margin
var svg = d3.select("body").append("svg")
    .attr("width", width + margin.left + margin.right)
    .attr("height", height + margin.top + margin.bottom)
    .append("g")
    .attr("transform",
    "translate(" + margin.left + "," + margin.top + ")");

      var data = d3.csvParse(d3.select("pre#data").text());

      data.reverse();

    // format the data
    data.forEach(function (d) {
        d.date = parseTime(d.date);
        d.close = +d.close;
    });

    // scale the range of the data
    x.domain(d3.extent(data, function (d) { return d.date; }));
    y.domain([0, d3.max(data, function (d) { return d.close; })]);

    // add the area
    svg.append("path")
        .data([data])
        .attr("class", "area")
        .attr("d", d => area(d, false))
        .attr("fill", "lightsteelblue")
        .transition()
        .duration(animationDuration)
        .attr("d", d => area(d, true));

    // add the valueline path.
    svg.append("path")
        .data([data])
        .attr("class", "line")
        .attr("d", valueline)
        .style("stroke-dasharray", d => {
            let path = document.querySelector(".line");
            const totalLength = path.getTotalLength();

            return `${totalLength} ${totalLength}`;
        })
        .style("stroke-dashoffset", d => {
            let path = document.querySelector(".line");
            const totalLength = path.getTotalLength();
            return `${totalLength}`;
        })
        .transition()
        .duration(animationDuration)
        .style("stroke-dashoffset", 0);

    // add the X Axis
    svg.append("g")
        .attr("transform", "translate(0," + height + ")")
        .call(d3.axisBottom(x));

    // add the Y Axis
    svg.append("g")
        .call(d3.axisLeft(y));
.line {
        fill: none;
        stroke: steelblue;
        stroke-width: 2px;
    }
    
pre#data {display:none;}
<script src="https://d3js.org/d3.v4.min.js"></script>
<pre id="data">
date,close
1-May-12,58.13
30-Apr-12,53.98
27-Apr-12,67.00
26-Apr-12,89.70
25-Apr-12,99.00
24-Apr-12,130.28
23-Apr-12,166.70
20-Apr-12,234.98
19-Apr-12,345.44
18-Apr-12,443.34
17-Apr-12,543.70
16-Apr-12,580.13
13-Apr-12,605.23
12-Apr-12,622.77
11-Apr-12,626.20
10-Apr-12,628.44
9-Apr-12,636.23
5-Apr-12,633.68
4-Apr-12,624.31
3-Apr-12,629.32
2-Apr-12,618.63
30-Mar-12,599.55
29-Mar-12,609.86
28-Mar-12,617.62
27-Mar-12,614.48
26-Mar-12,606.98
</pre>

有一种方法可以使用自定义插值器为线条和区域设置动画。

但是,由于您的目标是模仿 Highcharts animation you linked,因此有一种 更简单的方法 替代方法:使用 <clipPath>.

在我提出的解决方案中,我们以常规方式创建区域和线。但是,我们引用了一个剪切路径...

.attr("clip-path", "url(#clip)");

...在区域和线条中。剪切路径是用 0 宽度创建的:

var clip = svg.append("clipPath")
    .attr("id", "clip");
var clipRect = clip.append("rect")
  .attr("width", 0)

然后,之后,只需将过渡应用到剪切路径即可:

clipRect.transition()
    .duration(5000)
    .ease(d3.easeLinear)
    .attr("width", someValue)

这是一个演示:

var svg = d3.select("svg");
var data = d3.range(30).map(d => Math.random() * 150);
var clip = svg.append("clipPath")
  .attr("id", "clip");
var clipRect = clip.append("rect")
  .attr("width", 0)
  .attr("height", 150)
var lineGenerator = d3.line()
  .x((_, i) => i * 10)
  .y(d => d)
  .curve(d3.curveMonotoneX)
var areaGenerator = d3.area()
  .x((_, i) => i * 10)
  .y1(d => d)
  .y0(150)
  .curve(d3.curveMonotoneX)
svg.append("path")
  .attr("d", areaGenerator(data))
  .attr("class", "area")
  .attr("clip-path", "url(#clip)");
svg.append("path")
  .attr("d", lineGenerator(data))
  .attr("class", "line")
  .attr("clip-path", "url(#clip)");
clipRect.transition()
  .duration(5000)
  .ease(d3.easeLinear)
  .attr("width", 300)
.line {
  fill: none;
  stroke: #222;
  stroke-width: 2px;
}

.area {
  fill: limegreen;
  stroke: none;
}
<script src="https://d3js.org/d3.v4.min.js"></script>
<svg></svg>

下面是您的代码,其中包含这些更改:

let animationDuration = 5000;
// set the dimensions and margins of the graph
var margin = {
    top: 20,
    right: 20,
    bottom: 30,
    left: 50
  },
  width = 480 - margin.left - margin.right,
  height = 250 - margin.top - margin.bottom;

// parse the date / time
var parseTime = d3.timeParse("%d-%b-%y");

// set the ranges
var x = d3.scaleTime().range([0, width]);
var y = d3.scaleLinear().range([height, 0]);

// define the area
var area = function(datum, boolean) {
  return d3.area()
    .y0(height)
    .y1(function(d) {
      return boolean ? y(d.close) : y(d.close);
    })
    .x(function(d) {
      return boolean ? x(d.date) : 0;
    })
    (datum);
}

// define the line
var valueline = d3.line()
  .x(function(d) {
    return x(d.date);
  })
  .y(function(d) {
    return y(d.close);
  });

// append the svg obgect to the body of the page
// appends a 'group' element to 'svg'
// moves the 'group' element to the top left margin
var svg = d3.select("body").append("svg")
  .attr("width", width + margin.left + margin.right)
  .attr("height", height + margin.top + margin.bottom)
  .append("g")
  .attr("transform",
    "translate(" + margin.left + "," + margin.top + ")");

var clip = svg.append("clipPath")
  .attr("id", "clip");
var clipRect = clip.append("rect")
  .attr("width", 0)
  .attr("height", height);

var data = d3.csvParse(d3.select("pre#data").text());

data.reverse();

// format the data
data.forEach(function(d) {
  d.date = parseTime(d.date);
  d.close = +d.close;
});

// scale the range of the data
x.domain(d3.extent(data, function(d) {
  return d.date;
}));
y.domain([0, d3.max(data, function(d) {
  return d.close;
})]);

// add the area
svg.append("path")
  .data([data])
  .attr("class", "area")
  .attr("d", d => area(d, true))
  .attr("fill", "lightsteelblue")
  .attr("clip-path", "url(#clip)");

// add the valueline path.
svg.append("path")
  .data([data])
  .attr("class", "line")
  .attr("d", valueline)
  .attr("clip-path", "url(#clip)");

// add the X Axis
svg.append("g")
  .attr("transform", "translate(0," + height + ")")
  .call(d3.axisBottom(x));

// add the Y Axis
svg.append("g")
  .call(d3.axisLeft(y));

clipRect.transition()
  .duration(5000)
  .ease(d3.easeLinear)
  .attr("width", width)
.line {
  fill: none;
  stroke: steelblue;
  stroke-width: 2px;
}

pre#data {
  display: none;
}
<script src="https://d3js.org/d3.v4.min.js"></script>
<pre id="data">
date,close
1-May-12,58.13
30-Apr-12,53.98
27-Apr-12,67.00
26-Apr-12,89.70
25-Apr-12,99.00
24-Apr-12,130.28
23-Apr-12,166.70
20-Apr-12,234.98
19-Apr-12,345.44
18-Apr-12,443.34
17-Apr-12,543.70
16-Apr-12,580.13
13-Apr-12,605.23
12-Apr-12,622.77
11-Apr-12,626.20
10-Apr-12,628.44
9-Apr-12,636.23
5-Apr-12,633.68
4-Apr-12,624.31
3-Apr-12,629.32
2-Apr-12,618.63
30-Mar-12,599.55
29-Mar-12,609.86
28-Mar-12,617.62
27-Mar-12,614.48
26-Mar-12,606.98
</pre>