尝试使用 ansible 在 virtualenv 中安装时权限被拒绝
Permission denied when trying to install inside a virtualenv using ansible
我的 ansible 剧本中有这个剧本
- name: Setup virtualenv
pip:
requirements="/vagrant/webapp/requirements/{{ requirements_filename }}"
virtualenv="$HOME/.envs/{{ project_name }}"
但是，我收到了权限被拒绝的错误。似乎 ansible 正在尝试将软件包安装到系统路径而不是 virtualenv 中。
这是完整的回溯：
TASK: [deploy | Setup virtualenv] *********************************************
failed: [default] => {"cmd": "/usr/bin/pip install -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/dev.txt", "failed": true}
msg: stdout: New python executable in /home/vagrant/.envs/venv/bin/python
Installing setuptools, pip...done.
Downloading/unpacking django>=1.8 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 3))
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): wsgiref>=0.1.2 in /usr/lib/python2.7 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 4))
Downloading/unpacking django-allauth>=0.19.1 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 5))
Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_vagrant/django-allauth/setup.py) egg_info for package django-allauth
Downloading/unpacking psycopg2>=2.6 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 6))
Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_vagrant/psycopg2/setup.py) egg_info for package psycopg2
Downloading/unpacking django-currencies>=0.3.3 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 7))
Downloading django-currencies-0.3.3.tar.gz
Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_vagrant/django-currencies/setup.py) egg_info for package django-currencies
Downloading/unpacking django-countries>=3.2 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 8))
Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_vagrant/django-countries/setup.py) egg_info for package django-countries
Downloading/unpacking stripe>=1.22.1 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 9))
Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_vagrant/stripe/setup.py) egg_info for package stripe
Downloading/unpacking pillow>=2.8.0 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 10))
Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_vagrant/pillow/setup.py) egg_info for package pillow
Single threaded build, not installing mp_compile: 1 processes
warning: no files found matching 'LICENSE' under directory 'docs'
Downloading/unpacking django-compressor>=1.4 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 11))
Downloading/unpacking djangorestframework>=3.1.1 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 12))
Downloading/unpacking django-filter>=0.9.2 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 13))
Downloading django_filter-0.9.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Obtaining formtools from git+https://github.com/django/django-formtools.git#egg=formtools (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 14))
Cloning https://github.com/django/django-formtools.git to ./src/formtools
Running setup.py (path:/tmp/src/formtools/setup.py) egg_info for package formtools
Installing extra requirements: 'egg'
Downloading/unpacking django-widget-tweaks>=1.3 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 15))
Downloading django-widget-tweaks-1.3.tar.gz
Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_vagrant/django-widget-tweaks/setup.py) egg_info for package django-widget-tweaks
Downloading/unpacking django-braces>=1.4.0 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 16))
Downloading django_braces-1.4.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Downloading/unpacking django-debug-toolbar>=1.3.0 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/dev.txt (line 4))
Downloading/unpacking python-openid>=2.2.5 (from django-allauth>=0.19.1->-r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 5))
Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_vagrant/python-openid/setup.py) egg_info for package python-openid
warning: no files found matching 'CHANGELOG'
warning: no files found matching '*.css' under directory 'doc'
warning: no files found matching '*.html' under directory 'doc'
Downloading/unpacking requests-oauthlib>=0.3.0 (from django-allauth>=0.19.1->-r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 5))
Downloading requests_oauthlib-0.4.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): requests>=1.0.3 in /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (from django-allauth>=0.19.1->-r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 5))
Downloading/unpacking django-appconf>=0.4 (from django-compressor>=1.4->-r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 11))
Downloading django_appconf-1.0.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): six in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (from django-braces>=1.4.0->-r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 16))
Downloading/unpacking sqlparse (from django-debug-toolbar>=1.3.0->-r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/dev.txt (line 4))
Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_vagrant/sqlparse/setup.py) egg_info for package sqlparse
Downloading/unpacking oauthlib>=0.6.2 (from requests-oauthlib>=0.3.0->django-allauth>=0.19.1->-r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 5))
Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_vagrant/oauthlib/setup.py) egg_info for package oauthlib
Installing collected packages: django, django-allauth, psycopg2, django-currencies, django-countries, stripe, pillow, django-compressor, djangorestframework, django-filter, formtools, django-widget-tweaks, django-braces, django-debug-toolbar, python-openid, requests-oauthlib, django-appconf, sqlparse, oauthlib
Cleaning up...
Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 122, in main
status = self.run(options, args)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/commands/install.py", line 283, in run
requirement_set.install(install_options, global_options, root=options.root_path)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req.py", line 1435, in install
requirement.install(install_options, global_options, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req.py", line 671, in install
self.move_wheel_files(self.source_dir, root=root)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req.py", line 901, in move_wheel_files
pycompile=self.pycompile,
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/wheel.py", line 206, in move_wheel_files
clobber(source, lib_dir, True)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/wheel.py", line 193, in clobber
os.makedirs(destsubdir)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/os.py", line 157, in makedirs
mkdir(name, mode)
OSError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/Django-1.8.dist-info'
Storing debug log for failure in /home/vagrant/.pip/pip.log
FATAL: all hosts have already failed -- aborting
也尝试指定 pip 可执行文件路径：
executable="$HOME/.envs/{{ project_name }}/bin/pip"
没有搜索 TBH 的确切原因，但必须做同样的事情才能将东西安装到虚拟环境中。似乎它试图使用全局 pip 安装到虚拟环境中。也许在某些情况下可以这样做，但我不是这样。
看起来它正在使用 virtualenv 中的 /usr/bin/pip，而不是 pip。不确定为什么会这样——Ansible 中的错误？你能手动检查你的 virtualenv 有 pip 命令吗？我脑子里想到的一件事 pip 是为 root (sudo) 创建的，您尝试 运行 作为普通用户执行该命令，但它没有对 virtualenv'ed pip 的读取权限。
您可能可以像这样手动使用 pip 来解决问题。
- name: Create virtualenv for app using chosen Python
shell: virtualenv --python=python3.4 {{deploy_location}}/venv
sudo: yes
- name: Install Python packages
sudo: yes
command: {{deploy_location}}/venv/bin/pip -r {{deploy_location}}/requirements.txt
我通过显式设置路径而不使用 $HOME 变量解决了这个问题。
- name: Setup virtualenv
pip:
virtualenv="/home/vagrant/.envs/{{ project_name }}"
requirements="/vagrant/webapp/requirements/{{ requirements_filename }}"
pip 模块似乎正在使用系统 Python，因此它会尝试将软件包安装到 site-packages 的预期系统路径上，因为您不是 运行作为 root 或使用 sudo 它不能写入 '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/...'
我假设你想在 virtualenv 下安装 pip 包，对吗？
如果是这样，请注意 Ansible 模块默认情况下始终使用系统默认的 Python 解释器，除非您设置 ansible_python_interpreter。
可以在 Best way to always run ansible inside a virtualenv on remote machines?
上找到如何执行此操作的示例
一个 link 关于这个主题的简短讨论以及为什么 Ansible 人们不想改变 #!/usr/bin/python 以获得更友好的 virtualenv #!/usr/bin/env python 可以找到 here.
请注意，如果您是来自本地 virtualenv 的 运行 Ansible 并尝试使用 say ec2 模块而不在 boto 安装系统级别（但安装在 virtualenv 级别）。
我的 ansible 剧本中有这个剧本
- name: Setup virtualenv
pip:
requirements="/vagrant/webapp/requirements/{{ requirements_filename }}"
virtualenv="$HOME/.envs/{{ project_name }}"
但是，我收到了权限被拒绝的错误。似乎 ansible 正在尝试将软件包安装到系统路径而不是 virtualenv 中。
这是完整的回溯：
TASK: [deploy | Setup virtualenv] *********************************************
failed: [default] => {"cmd": "/usr/bin/pip install -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/dev.txt", "failed": true}
msg: stdout: New python executable in /home/vagrant/.envs/venv/bin/python
Installing setuptools, pip...done.
Downloading/unpacking django>=1.8 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 3))
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): wsgiref>=0.1.2 in /usr/lib/python2.7 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 4))
Downloading/unpacking django-allauth>=0.19.1 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 5))
Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_vagrant/django-allauth/setup.py) egg_info for package django-allauth
Downloading/unpacking psycopg2>=2.6 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 6))
Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_vagrant/psycopg2/setup.py) egg_info for package psycopg2
Downloading/unpacking django-currencies>=0.3.3 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 7))
Downloading django-currencies-0.3.3.tar.gz
Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_vagrant/django-currencies/setup.py) egg_info for package django-currencies
Downloading/unpacking django-countries>=3.2 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 8))
Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_vagrant/django-countries/setup.py) egg_info for package django-countries
Downloading/unpacking stripe>=1.22.1 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 9))
Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_vagrant/stripe/setup.py) egg_info for package stripe
Downloading/unpacking pillow>=2.8.0 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 10))
Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_vagrant/pillow/setup.py) egg_info for package pillow
Single threaded build, not installing mp_compile: 1 processes
warning: no files found matching 'LICENSE' under directory 'docs'
Downloading/unpacking django-compressor>=1.4 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 11))
Downloading/unpacking djangorestframework>=3.1.1 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 12))
Downloading/unpacking django-filter>=0.9.2 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 13))
Downloading django_filter-0.9.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Obtaining formtools from git+https://github.com/django/django-formtools.git#egg=formtools (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 14))
Cloning https://github.com/django/django-formtools.git to ./src/formtools
Running setup.py (path:/tmp/src/formtools/setup.py) egg_info for package formtools
Installing extra requirements: 'egg'
Downloading/unpacking django-widget-tweaks>=1.3 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 15))
Downloading django-widget-tweaks-1.3.tar.gz
Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_vagrant/django-widget-tweaks/setup.py) egg_info for package django-widget-tweaks
Downloading/unpacking django-braces>=1.4.0 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 16))
Downloading django_braces-1.4.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Downloading/unpacking django-debug-toolbar>=1.3.0 (from -r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/dev.txt (line 4))
Downloading/unpacking python-openid>=2.2.5 (from django-allauth>=0.19.1->-r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 5))
Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_vagrant/python-openid/setup.py) egg_info for package python-openid
warning: no files found matching 'CHANGELOG'
warning: no files found matching '*.css' under directory 'doc'
warning: no files found matching '*.html' under directory 'doc'
Downloading/unpacking requests-oauthlib>=0.3.0 (from django-allauth>=0.19.1->-r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 5))
Downloading requests_oauthlib-0.4.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): requests>=1.0.3 in /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (from django-allauth>=0.19.1->-r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 5))
Downloading/unpacking django-appconf>=0.4 (from django-compressor>=1.4->-r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 11))
Downloading django_appconf-1.0.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): six in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (from django-braces>=1.4.0->-r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 16))
Downloading/unpacking sqlparse (from django-debug-toolbar>=1.3.0->-r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/dev.txt (line 4))
Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_vagrant/sqlparse/setup.py) egg_info for package sqlparse
Downloading/unpacking oauthlib>=0.6.2 (from requests-oauthlib>=0.3.0->django-allauth>=0.19.1->-r /vagrant/webapp/requirements/requirements.txt (line 5))
Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_vagrant/oauthlib/setup.py) egg_info for package oauthlib
Installing collected packages: django, django-allauth, psycopg2, django-currencies, django-countries, stripe, pillow, django-compressor, djangorestframework, django-filter, formtools, django-widget-tweaks, django-braces, django-debug-toolbar, python-openid, requests-oauthlib, django-appconf, sqlparse, oauthlib
Cleaning up...
Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 122, in main
status = self.run(options, args)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/commands/install.py", line 283, in run
requirement_set.install(install_options, global_options, root=options.root_path)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req.py", line 1435, in install
requirement.install(install_options, global_options, *args, **kwargs)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req.py", line 671, in install
self.move_wheel_files(self.source_dir, root=root)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req.py", line 901, in move_wheel_files
pycompile=self.pycompile,
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/wheel.py", line 206, in move_wheel_files
clobber(source, lib_dir, True)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/wheel.py", line 193, in clobber
os.makedirs(destsubdir)
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/os.py", line 157, in makedirs
mkdir(name, mode)
OSError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/Django-1.8.dist-info'
Storing debug log for failure in /home/vagrant/.pip/pip.log
FATAL: all hosts have already failed -- aborting
也尝试指定 pip 可执行文件路径：
executable="$HOME/.envs/{{ project_name }}/bin/pip"
没有搜索 TBH 的确切原因，但必须做同样的事情才能将东西安装到虚拟环境中。似乎它试图使用全局 pip 安装到虚拟环境中。也许在某些情况下可以这样做，但我不是这样。
看起来它正在使用 virtualenv 中的 /usr/bin/pip，而不是 pip。不确定为什么会这样——Ansible 中的错误？你能手动检查你的 virtualenv 有 pip 命令吗？我脑子里想到的一件事 pip 是为 root (sudo) 创建的，您尝试 运行 作为普通用户执行该命令，但它没有对 virtualenv'ed pip 的读取权限。
您可能可以像这样手动使用 pip 来解决问题。
- name: Create virtualenv for app using chosen Python
shell: virtualenv --python=python3.4 {{deploy_location}}/venv
sudo: yes
- name: Install Python packages
sudo: yes
command: {{deploy_location}}/venv/bin/pip -r {{deploy_location}}/requirements.txt
我通过显式设置路径而不使用 $HOME 变量解决了这个问题。
- name: Setup virtualenv
pip:
virtualenv="/home/vagrant/.envs/{{ project_name }}"
requirements="/vagrant/webapp/requirements/{{ requirements_filename }}"
pip 模块似乎正在使用系统 Python，因此它会尝试将软件包安装到 site-packages 的预期系统路径上，因为您不是 运行作为 root 或使用 sudo 它不能写入 '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/...'
我假设你想在 virtualenv 下安装 pip 包，对吗？
如果是这样，请注意 Ansible 模块默认情况下始终使用系统默认的 Python 解释器，除非您设置 ansible_python_interpreter。
可以在 Best way to always run ansible inside a virtualenv on remote machines?
一个 link 关于这个主题的简短讨论以及为什么 Ansible 人们不想改变 #!/usr/bin/python 以获得更友好的 virtualenv #!/usr/bin/env python 可以找到 here.
请注意，如果您是来自本地 virtualenv 的 运行 Ansible 并尝试使用 say ec2 模块而不在 boto 安装系统级别（但安装在 virtualenv 级别）。