在 common lisp 的封装 class 方法中访问封装的 class 槽

Accessing an encapsulated class slots within the encapsulating class method in common lisp

我有以下基本的class方法:

        (defgeneric connect-edge (edge))

        (defclass Node ()
          ((forward-edges :initform nil)
           (backward-edges :initform nil)
           (value :initform 0.0)))

        (defclass Edge ()
          ((value :initform 0.0)
           (nodes :initform nil)))

        (defmethod connect-edge ((edge Edge))
        ;; does nothing important. Simplified to cause the problem
            (slot-value (car (slot-value edge 'nodes)) 'forward-edges))

我把方法简化到足以给我一个错误。基本上此时它没有做任何有用的事情,但足以证明问题。

设置:

Edge class 有 nodes,这是 Node 个对象的列表。 Node class 有 Edge 个对象的列表。

意向:

Node 对象中读取/写入 forward-edgesbackward-edges 封装在 Edge 对象(节点列表)

Problem/Question:

这 "works" 按预期返回 nil

(defparameter *edge* (make-instance 'Edge))
(setf (slot-value *edge* 'nodes) (list (make-instance 'Node) (make-instance 'Node)))
(connect-edge *edge*)

此代码给出以下错误,为什么

(connect-edge (make-instance 'Edge))

There is no applicable method for the generic function
  #<STANDARD-GENERIC-FUNCTION (SB-PCL::SLOT-ACCESSOR :GLOBAL
                               COMMON-LISP-USER::FORWARD-EDGES
                               SB-PCL::READER) (1)>
when called with arguments
  (NIL).

另外,如果我这样做,我会得到下面的错误,我想我明白为什么:没有定义接受 nil 的通用函数:

(connect-edge nil)

There is no applicable method for the generic function
  #<STANDARD-GENERIC-FUNCTION COMMON-LISP-USER::CONNECT-EDGE (1)>
when called with arguments
  (NIL).
   [Condition of type SIMPLE-ERROR]

我为什么要做这些?

我有以下代码导致(可能出于不同的原因)类似的错误:

(defun make-classic (net)
  (loop
     for this-layer in net
     for next-layer in (cdr net)
     do
       (loop
      for this-node in this-layer
      do
        (loop
           for next-node in next-layer
           do
         (let ((edge (make-instance 'Edge)))
           (setf (slot-value edge 'nodes) '(this-node next-node))
           (format t "Type of edge is ~a~%" (type-of edge))
           ;; Error is here
           (connect-edge edge))))))

我不确定错误是否是由于传递了作用域变量,所以我最终尝试传递 (make-instance 'Edge) 导致错误。

这就是您所需要的:

when called with arguments (NIL).

(slot-value (make-instance 'Edge) 'nodes)

nil,所以

 (slot-value (car (slot-value edge 'nodes)) 'forward-edges))

失败。