为 Capture Filter 添加音频功能

Question

我正在尝试将音频功能添加到捕获源过滤器，以便制作带有音频的虚拟摄像头。从 TMH's and rdp 的代码开始，我用另一个引脚扩展了它，称为 "Audio":

CUnknown * WINAPI CVCam::CreateInstance(LPUNKNOWN lpunk, HRESULT *phr)
{
    ASSERT(phr);
    CUnknown *punk = new CVCam(lpunk, phr);
    return punk;
}

CVCam::CVCam(LPUNKNOWN lpunk, HRESULT *phr) : CSource(LPCSTR(FILTER_NAME), lpunk, CLSID_VirtualCam)
{
    ASSERT(phr);
    CAutoLock cAutoLock(&m_cStateLock);
    m_paStreams = (CSourceStream **) new CVCamStream*[2];
    m_paStreams[0] = new CVCamStream(phr, this, L"Video");
    m_paStreams[1] = new CVAudioStream(phr, this, L"Audio");
}

HRESULT CVCam::QueryInterface(REFIID riid, void **ppv)
{
    if (riid == _uuidof(IAMStreamConfig) || riid == _uuidof(IKsPropertySet))
    {
        HRESULT hr;
        hr = m_paStreams[0]->QueryInterface(riid, ppv);
        if (hr != S_OK) return hr;
        hr = m_paStreams[1]->QueryInterface(riid, ppv);
        if (hr != S_OK) return hr;
    }
    else return CSource::QueryInterface(riid, ppv);

    return S_OK;
}

CVAudioStream::CVAudioStream(HRESULT *phr, CVCam *pParent, LPCWSTR pPinName) : CSourceStream(LPCSTR(pPinName), phr, pParent, pPinName), m_pParent(pParent)
{
    GetMediaType(0, &m_mt);
}

CVAudioStream::~CVAudioStream()
{
}

HRESULT CVAudioStream::QueryInterface(REFIID riid, void **ppv)
{
    if (riid == _uuidof(IAMStreamConfig)) *ppv = (IAMStreamConfig*)this;
    else if (riid == _uuidof(IKsPropertySet)) *ppv = (IKsPropertySet*)this;
    else if (riid == _uuidof(IAMBufferNegotiation)) *ppv = (IAMBufferNegotiation*)this;
    else return CSourceStream::QueryInterface(riid, ppv);

    AddRef();
    return S_OK;
}

HRESULT CVAudioStream::FillBuffer(IMediaSample *pms)
{
    // fill buffer with Windows audio samples
    return NOERROR;
}

STDMETHODIMP CVAudioStream::Notify(IBaseFilter * pSender, Quality q)
{
    return E_NOTIMPL;
}

HRESULT CVAudioStream::SetMediaType(const CMediaType *pmt)
{
    HRESULT hr = CSourceStream::SetMediaType(pmt);
    return hr;
}

HRESULT setupPwfex(WAVEFORMATEX *pwfex, AM_MEDIA_TYPE *pmt) {
    pwfex->wFormatTag = WAVE_FORMAT_PCM;
    pwfex->cbSize = 0;              
    pwfex->nChannels = 2;

    HRESULT hr;
    pwfex->nSamplesPerSec = 11025;
    pwfex->wBitsPerSample = 16;       
    pwfex->nBlockAlign = (WORD)((pwfex->wBitsPerSample * pwfex->nChannels) / 8);
    pwfex->nAvgBytesPerSec = pwfex->nSamplesPerSec * pwfex->nBlockAlign;
    hr = ::CreateAudioMediaType(pwfex, pmt, FALSE);
    return hr;
}

/*HRESULT CVAudioStream::setAsNormal(CMediaType *pmt) 
{
    WAVEFORMATEX *pwfex;
    pwfex = (WAVEFORMATEX *)pmt->AllocFormatBuffer(sizeof(WAVEFORMATEX));
    ZeroMemory(pwfex, sizeof(WAVEFORMATEX));
    if (NULL == pwfex) return E_OUTOFMEMORY;
    return setupPwfex(pwfex, pmt);
}*/

HRESULT CVAudioStream::GetMediaType(int iPosition, CMediaType *pmt)
{
    if (iPosition < 0) return E_INVALIDARG;
    if (iPosition > 0) return VFW_S_NO_MORE_ITEMS;

    if (iPosition == 0)
    {
        *pmt = m_mt;
        return S_OK;
    }

    WAVEFORMATEX *pwfex = (WAVEFORMATEX *)pmt->AllocFormatBuffer(sizeof(WAVEFORMATEX));
    setupPwfex(pwfex, pmt);
    return S_OK;
}

HRESULT CVAudioStream::CheckMediaType(const CMediaType *pMediaType)
{
    int cbFormat = pMediaType->cbFormat;
    if (*pMediaType != m_mt) return E_INVALIDARG;
    return S_OK;
}

const int WaveBufferChunkSize = 16 * 1024;

HRESULT CVAudioStream::DecideBufferSize(IMemAllocator *pAlloc, ALLOCATOR_PROPERTIES *pProperties)
{
    CheckPointer(pAlloc, E_POINTER);
    CheckPointer(pProperties, E_POINTER);

    WAVEFORMATEX *pwfexCurrent = (WAVEFORMATEX*)m_mt.Format();

    pProperties->cBuffers = 1;
    pProperties->cbBuffer = expectedMaxBufferSize;

    ALLOCATOR_PROPERTIES Actual;
    HRESULT hr = pAlloc->SetProperties(pProperties, &Actual);
    if (FAILED(hr)) return hr;

    if (Actual.cbBuffer < pProperties->cbBuffer) return E_FAIL;
    return NOERROR; 
}

HRESULT CVAudioStream::OnThreadCreate()
{
    //GetMediaType(0, &m_mt); 

    //HRESULT hr = LoopbackCaptureSetup();
    //if (FAILED(hr)) return hr;
    return NOERROR;
} 

HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE CVAudioStream::SetFormat(AM_MEDIA_TYPE *pmt)
{
    if (!pmt) return S_OK;
    if (CheckMediaType((CMediaType *)pmt) != S_OK) return E_FAIL; 
    m_mt = *pmt;

    IPin* pin;
    ConnectedTo(&pin);
    if (pin)
    {
        IFilterGraph *pGraph = m_pParent->GetGraph();
        pGraph->Reconnect(this);
    }

    return S_OK;
}

HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE CVAudioStream::GetFormat(AM_MEDIA_TYPE **ppmt)
{
    *ppmt = CreateMediaType(&m_mt);
    return S_OK;
}

HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE CVAudioStream::GetNumberOfCapabilities(int *piCount, int *piSize)
{
    *piCount = 1;
    *piSize = sizeof(AUDIO_STREAM_CONFIG_CAPS);
    return S_OK;
}

HRESULT STDMETHODCALLTYPE CVAudioStream::GetStreamCaps(int iIndex, AM_MEDIA_TYPE **pmt, BYTE *pSCC)
{
    if (iIndex < 0) return E_INVALIDARG;
    if (iIndex > 0) return S_FALSE;
    if (pSCC == NULL) return E_POINTER;

    *pmt = CreateMediaType(&m_mt);
    if (*pmt == NULL) return E_OUTOFMEMORY;

    DECLARE_PTR(WAVEFORMATEX, pAudioFormat, (*pmt)->pbFormat);
    AM_MEDIA_TYPE * pm = *pmt;
    setupPwfex(pAudioFormat, pm);

    AUDIO_STREAM_CONFIG_CAPS* pASCC = (AUDIO_STREAM_CONFIG_CAPS*)pSCC;
    ZeroMemory(pSCC, sizeof(AUDIO_STREAM_CONFIG_CAPS));

    pASCC->guid = MEDIATYPE_Audio;
    pASCC->MaximumChannels = pAudioFormat->nChannels;
    pASCC->MinimumChannels = pAudioFormat->nChannels;
    pASCC->ChannelsGranularity = 1; // doesn't matter
    pASCC->MaximumSampleFrequency = pAudioFormat->nSamplesPerSec;
    pASCC->MinimumSampleFrequency = pAudioFormat->nSamplesPerSec;
    pASCC->SampleFrequencyGranularity = 11025; // doesn't matter
    pASCC->MaximumBitsPerSample = pAudioFormat->wBitsPerSample;
    pASCC->MinimumBitsPerSample = pAudioFormat->wBitsPerSample;
    pASCC->BitsPerSampleGranularity = 16; // doesn't matter

    return S_OK;
}

HRESULT CVAudioStream::Set(REFGUID guidPropSet, DWORD dwID, void *pInstanceData, DWORD cbInstanceData, void *pPropData, DWORD cbPropData)
{
    return E_NOTIMPL;
}

HRESULT CVAudioStream::Get(
    REFGUID guidPropSet,
    DWORD dwPropID,     
    void *pInstanceData,
    DWORD cbInstanceData,
    void *pPropData,     
    DWORD cbPropData,    
    DWORD *pcbReturned   
)
{
    if (guidPropSet != AMPROPSETID_Pin)             return E_PROP_SET_UNSUPPORTED;
    if (dwPropID != AMPROPERTY_PIN_CATEGORY)        return E_PROP_ID_UNSUPPORTED;
    if (pPropData == NULL && pcbReturned == NULL)   return E_POINTER;

    if (pcbReturned) *pcbReturned = sizeof(GUID);
    if (pPropData == NULL)          return S_OK; 
    if (cbPropData < sizeof(GUID))  return E_UNEXPECTED;

    *(GUID *)pPropData = PIN_CATEGORY_CAPTURE;
    return S_OK;
}

HRESULT CVAudioStream::QuerySupported(REFGUID guidPropSet, DWORD dwPropID, DWORD *pTypeSupport)
{
    if (guidPropSet != AMPROPSETID_Pin) return E_PROP_SET_UNSUPPORTED;
    if (dwPropID != AMPROPERTY_PIN_CATEGORY) return E_PROP_ID_UNSUPPORTED;
    if (pTypeSupport) *pTypeSupport = KSPROPERTY_SUPPORT_GET;
    return S_OK;
}

我的第一个问题是在 GraphStudioNext 中插入过滤器并打开其属性页面。音频 pin 显示以下（不正确的）信息：

majorType = GUID_NULL
subType = GUID_NULL
formattype = GUID_NULL

当然我不能将任何东西连接到该引脚，因为它无效。我期待像 MEDIATYPE_Audio 这样的东西，因为我设置了它：

DEFINE_GUID(CLSID_VirtualCam, 0x8e14549a, 0xdb61, 0x4309, 0xaf, 0xa1, 0x35, 0x78, 0xe9, 0x27, 0xe9, 0x33);

const AMOVIESETUP_MEDIATYPE AMSMediaTypesVideo = 
{
    &MEDIATYPE_Video,
    &MEDIASUBTYPE_NULL
};

const AMOVIESETUP_MEDIATYPE AMSMediaTypesAudio =
{
    &MEDIATYPE_Audio,
    &MEDIASUBTYPE_NULL
};

const AMOVIESETUP_PIN AMSPinVCam[] =
{
    {
        L"Video",             // Pin string name
        FALSE,                 // Is it rendered
        TRUE,                  // Is it an output
        FALSE,                 // Can we have none
        FALSE,                 // Can we have many
        &CLSID_NULL,           // Connects to filter
        NULL,                  // Connects to pin
        1,                     // Number of types
        &AMSMediaTypesVideo      // Pin Media types
    },
    {
        L"Audio",             // Pin string name
        FALSE,                 // Is it rendered
        TRUE,                  // Is it an output
        FALSE,                 // Can we have none
        FALSE,                 // Can we have many
        &CLSID_NULL,           // Connects to filter
        NULL,                  // Connects to pin
        1,                     // Number of types
        &AMSMediaTypesAudio      // Pin Media types
    }
};

const AMOVIESETUP_FILTER AMSFilterVCam =
{
    &CLSID_VirtualCam,  // Filter CLSID
    FILTER_NAME,     // String name
    MERIT_DO_NOT_USE,      // Filter merit
    2,                     // Number pins
    AMSPinVCam             // Pin details
};

CFactoryTemplate g_Templates[] = 
{
    {
        FILTER_NAME,
        &CLSID_VirtualCam,
        CVCam::CreateInstance,
        NULL,
        &AMSFilterVCam
    },
};

int g_cTemplates = sizeof(g_Templates) / sizeof(g_Templates[0]);

STDAPI RegisterFilters( BOOL bRegister )
{
    HRESULT hr = NOERROR;
    WCHAR achFileName[MAX_PATH];
    char achTemp[MAX_PATH];
    ASSERT(g_hInst != 0);

    if( 0 == GetModuleFileNameA(g_hInst, achTemp, sizeof(achTemp))) return AmHresultFromWin32(GetLastError());
    MultiByteToWideChar(CP_ACP, 0L, achTemp, lstrlenA(achTemp) + 1, achFileName, NUMELMS(achFileName));

    hr = CoInitialize(0);
    if(bRegister)
    {
        hr = AMovieSetupRegisterServer(CLSID_VirtualCam, FILTER_NAME, achFileName, L"Both", L"InprocServer32");
    }

    if( SUCCEEDED(hr) )
    {
        IFilterMapper2 *fm = 0;
        hr = CreateComObject( CLSID_FilterMapper2, IID_IFilterMapper2, fm );
        if( SUCCEEDED(hr) )
        {
            if(bRegister)
            {
                IMoniker *pMoniker = 0;
                REGFILTER2 rf2;
                rf2.dwVersion = 1;
                rf2.dwMerit = MERIT_DO_NOT_USE;
                rf2.cPins = 2;
                rf2.rgPins = AMSPinVCam;
                hr = fm->RegisterFilter(CLSID_VirtualCam, FILTER_NAME, &pMoniker, &CLSID_VideoInputDeviceCategory, NULL, &rf2);
            }
            else
            {
                hr = fm->UnregisterFilter(&CLSID_VideoInputDeviceCategory, 0, CLSID_VirtualCam);
            }
        }

      if(fm) fm->Release();
    }

    if( SUCCEEDED(hr) && !bRegister ) hr = AMovieSetupUnregisterServer( CLSID_VirtualCam );

    CoFreeUnusedLibraries();
    CoUninitialize();
    return hr;
}

第二个问题：还有一个 "Latency" 选项卡，但是当我单击它时，GraphStudioNext 挂起 forever 并且 VS 调试器（附加到该进程）什么也没说.哪段代码控制这个选项卡？

更新

解决了第一个问题：

HRESULT CVAudioStream::GetMediaType(int iPosition, CMediaType *pmt)
{
    if (iPosition < 0) return E_INVALIDARG;
    if (iPosition > 0) return VFW_S_NO_MORE_ITEMS;

    WAVEFORMATEX *pwfex = (WAVEFORMATEX *)pmt->AllocFormatBuffer(sizeof(WAVEFORMATEX));
    setupPwfex(pwfex, pmt);

    pmt->SetType(&MEDIATYPE_Audio);
    pmt->SetFormatType(&FORMAT_WaveFormatEx);
    pmt->SetTemporalCompression(FALSE);

    pmt->SetSubtype(&MEDIASUBTYPE_PCM);
    pmt->SetSampleSize(pwfex->nBlockAlign);

    return S_OK;
}

Answer 1

简短版本：Microsoft 并没有真正提供 API 来提供虚拟音频设备，因此它被应用程序很好地接受，就好像它是一个真正的音频捕获设备一样。

如果虚拟视频捕获过滤器由于历史原因经常起作用，那么音频就不是这样了。实现音频设备的内核级驱动程序是添加应用程序可以识别的音频设备的方法。

显示延迟选项卡是因为您假装正在实现 IAMBufferNegotiation 接口：

if (riid == _uuidof(IAMBufferNegotiation)) *ppv = (IAMBufferNegotiation*)this;

实施可能不正确，这会导致某些意外行为（冻结、崩溃等）。

在同一个过滤器上添加音频 pin 是可能的，但如果您希望流被选为人工源，则可能不是最好的主意。这在一般情况下是有道理的，但真实设备几乎不会像这样公开音频流。

长话短说，唯一可以像这样利用音频流的应用程序是您自己开发的应用程序：没有众所周知的应用程序试图在视频源过滤器上定位音频 pin。为此实施 IAMStreamConfig 尤其是 IKsPropertySet 这样的 pin 没用。

您将无法在Audio Capture Sources 类别下注册过滤器，因为您注册了一个过滤器，并且此过滤器首先暴露视频输出引脚，然后才会有一些辅助音频。如果您的目标是通过 DirectShow 使用音频的应用程序（由于超出本问题范围的原因，这种情况已经非常罕见），您应该开发一个单独的源过滤器。您当然可以让这两个过滤器在幕后相互交谈以协作传送某些提要，但就 DirectShow 而言，过滤器通常显示为独立的。

...also real webcams expose two different filters and this is why in application like Skype we have to select both under video and audio devices.
Should it be better to create two completely different projects and filters: one for video and one for audio?

真实和典型的相机：

由于 "real" 物理相机通常提供内核级驱动程序，它们在 DirectShow 中的存在是通过 WDM Video Capture Filter 发生的，它充当代理并枚举 "DirectShow wrappers" 下的相机驱动程序您将在其中注册虚拟摄像机的同一类别视频捕获源。

也就是说，这样的设计使您能够在可用设备列表中混合使用真实和虚拟摄像头，基于 DirectShow 的应用程序在视频捕获时会使用这些摄像头。这种方法有其局限性，我之前描述过，例如在 and referenced post Applicability of Virtual DirectShow Sources.

由于 DirectShow 的后继者 Media Foundation 普遍不受欢迎，而且 Media Foundation 既不提供良好的向后兼容性也不提供视频捕获扩展性，包括 Microsoft 自己的大量应用程序仍在使用 DirectShow 进行视频捕获。反之亦然，那些为 Windows 研究视频捕获 API 的人也经常对 DirectShow 感兴趣，而不是 "current" API，因为样本和相关信息的可用性，API 可扩展性，应用程序集成选项。

然而，音频并非如此。在 DirectShow 开发停止时，DirectShow 音频捕获还不是一流的。 Windows Vista 为音频 WASAPI 引入了新的 API，而 DirectShow 没有收到与新 API 的相应连接，无论是音频捕获还是播放。音频本身更简单，WASAPI 功能强大且对开发人员友好，因此开发人员开始转向新的 API 来处理与音频相关的任务。使用 DirectShow 进行音频捕获的应用程序要少得多，而且您实现的虚拟音频源可能会失误：对于通过 WASAPI 使用音频捕获的应用程序，您的设备将保持 "invisible"。即使应用程序具有 Windows XP 的后备代码补丁以通过 DirectShow 进行音频捕获，在较新的操作系统中也很难让您松一口气。

在 Whosebug 上跟进阅读音频：

Directshow.net don't detect all mics in Windows 7
Windows Audio and Video Capture Software Paradigm

此外，您不必为视频和音频过滤器创建单独的项目。您可以在同一个项目中混合使用它们，它们可以是单独注册的独立过滤器。

为 Capture Filter 添加音频功能

Add audio capability to Capture Filter

windows

audio

visual-c++

directshow

audio-capture

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