为什么我的 POSIX shell 脚本退出？
Why does my POSIX shell script exit?
我不是 shell 脚本方面的专家，但是如果我的下面的脚本以 -1 选项启动或不使用它，我会尽量避免 exit：
./empire -1
One-time coin collecting!
mouse_click_coords(): Coordinates must be in pairs! Exit code = 14.
我没看到错误在哪里 (?) 换句话说，脚本以 100% 的速度运行，直到我不记得我更改了什么；除了在处理第一个循环结束时意外退出（通过-1选项，或者等待它，都是一样的）。
整个脚本如下：
#!/bin/sh
is_number()
{
# check if exactly one argument has been passed
test "$#" -eq 1 || print_error_and_exit 4 "is_number(): There has not been passed exactly one argument!"
# check if the argument is an integer
test "" -eq "" 2>/dev/null
}
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
print_error_and_exit()
{
# check if exactly two arguments have been passed
test "$#" -eq 2 || print_error_and_exit 2 "print_error_and_exit(): There have not been passed exactly two arguments!"
# check if the first argument is a number
is_number "" || print_error_and_exit 3 "print_error_and_exit(): The argument #1 is not a number!"
bold=$(tput bold)
red=$(tput setaf 1)
nocolor=$(tput sgr0)
echo "$bold$red Exit code = .$nocolor" >&2
exit ""
}
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
check_for_prerequisite()
{
# check if exactly one argument has been passed
test "$#" -eq 1 || print_error_and_exit 1 "check_for_prerequisite(): There has not been passed exactly one argument!"
# check if the argument is a program which is installed
command -v "" > /dev/null 2>&1 || print_error_and_exit 127 "check_for_prerequisite(): I require but it's not installed :-("
}
check_for_prerequisite "xdotool"
check_for_prerequisite "wmctrl"
check_for_prerequisite "shuf"
check_for_prerequisite "xdpyinfo"
check_for_prerequisite "awk"
check_for_prerequisite "printf"
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
print_usage_and_exit()
{
# check if exactly one argument has been passed
test "$#" -eq 1 || print_error_and_exit 1 "print_usage_and_exit(): There has not been passed exactly one argument!"
# check if both of the arguments are numbers
is_number "" || print_error_and_exit 16 "print_usage_and_exit(): The argument is not a number! Exit code expected."
echo "Usage: [=13=] [-1]"
echo " -1: One-time coin collect."
echo "Default: Repeat coin collecting until interrupted."
exit ""
}
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
no_repeat=0
while getopts ":1h" option
do
case "$option" in
1)
no_repeat=1
;;
h)
print_usage_and_exit 0
;;
*)
print_usage_and_exit 1 >&2
;;
esac
done
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# global constants
window_name_chrome="Goodgame Empire - Google Chrome"
screen_resolution=$(xdpyinfo | awk '/dimensions:/ {print }')
# global variables
previous_rand=10
operation_add=1
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
generate_random_number()
{
# check if exactly two arguments have been passed
test "$#" -eq 2 || print_error_and_exit 5 "generate_random_number(): There have not been passed exactly two arguments!"
# check if the arguments are both numbers
is_number "" || print_error_and_exit 6 "generate_random_number(): The argument #1 is not a number!"
is_number "" || print_error_and_exit 7 "generate_random_number(): The argument #2 is not a number!"
# generate one pseudo-random integer within the specified range
shuf -i "-" -n 1
}
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
activate_window_via_name() {
# check if exactly one argument has been passed
test "$#" -eq 1 || print_error_and_exit 8 "activate_window_via_name(): There has not been passed exactly one argument!"
xdotool search --name "" windowactivate --sync
}
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
maximize_active_window() {
# check if no argument has been passed
test "$#" -eq 0 || print_error_and_exit 9 "maximize_active_window(): There has been passed some argument, none expected!"
wmctrl -r :ACTIVE: -b add,maximized_vert,maximized_horz
}
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
mouse_click() {
# check if exactly two arguments have been passed
test "$#" -eq 2 || print_error_and_exit 10 "mouse_click(): There have not been passed exactly two arguments!"
# check if both of the arguments are numbers
is_number "" || print_error_and_exit 11 "mouse_click(): The argument #1 is not a number!"
is_number "" || print_error_and_exit 12 "mouse_click(): The argument #2 is not a number!"
# 1. invert the operation_add boolean value,
# it seems Bash does not have inbuilt command for that
# N: operation_add determines whether we will be adding or
# subtracting the random number later
operation_add=$((1 - operation_add))
# 2. generate pseuso-random integer between 0 and 7, inclusive,
# if the generated number is the same as the previous_rand,
# generate until it is different
# N: rand will be later used as pixel offset from the given coordinates
# we define a constant for randomness
randomness=7
rand=$(generate_random_number 0 "$randomness")
while [ "$rand" -eq "$previous_rand" ]
do
rand=$(generate_random_number 0 "$randomness")
done
# 3. we don't want to repeat clicks right with the same offset,
# so we store information about the previous_rand here
previous_rand="$rand"
# 4. depending on the boolean value of operation_add,
# we either add the rand, or subtract it to/from the position x/y
if [ "$operation_add" -eq 1 ]
then
pos_x=$(( + rand))
pos_y=$(( + rand))
else
pos_x=$(( - rand))
pos_y=$(( - rand))
fi
# activate Goodgame Empire window and wait for sync,
# we need to do this before each click,
# because the user may have clicked on some other window
# during the 2 second delay
activate_window_via_name "$window_name_chrome"
maximize_active_window
# xdotool can move mouse and simulate button clicks and more
# ----------------------------------------------------------
# move the mouse cursor to the given position and wait for sync
# click the left mouse button
# restore the original mouse cursor position and wait for sync
# wait for 2 seconds
xdotool \
mousemove --sync "$pos_x" "$pos_y" \
click 1 \
mousemove --sync restore \
sleep 2
}
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
mouse_click_coords() {
while [ "$#" -gt 1 ]
do
mouse_click "" ""
shift 2
done
test "$#" -eq 1 || print_error_and_exit 14 "mouse_click_coords(): Coordinates must be in pairs!"
}
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
collect_coins_1920x1080() {
mouse_click_coords \
1895 955 \
1104 691 \
1131 660 \
1145 570 \
1199 381
}
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
collect_coins_3840x1080() {
mouse_click_coords \
3815 955 \
3024 691 \
3051 660 \
3065 570 \
3119 381
}
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
collect_coins() {
case "$screen_resolution" in
1920x1080) collect_coins_1920x1080
;;
3840x1080) collect_coins_3840x1080
;;
esac
}
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
if [ "$no_repeat" -eq 0 ]
then
echo "Repeating coin collecting until CTRL+C is pressed!"
while true
do
collect_coins
# wait for 10 minutes
sleep 600
done
else
echo "One-time coin collecting!"
collect_coins
fi
我建议将这一行重写为 if 语句
test "$#" -eq 1 || print_error_and_exit 14 "mouse_click_coords(): Coordinates must be in pairs!" }
在我看来，即使 $# 是 neq 1，它仍然评估 OR
的另一半
用伪代码来说明
If parameter count = 1 then
print error
end if
我不是 shell 脚本方面的专家，但是如果我的下面的脚本以 -1 选项启动或不使用它，我会尽量避免 exit：
./empire -1 One-time coin collecting! mouse_click_coords(): Coordinates must be in pairs! Exit code = 14.
我没看到错误在哪里 (?) 换句话说，脚本以 100% 的速度运行，直到我不记得我更改了什么；除了在处理第一个循环结束时意外退出（通过-1选项，或者等待它，都是一样的）。
整个脚本如下：
#!/bin/sh
is_number()
{
# check if exactly one argument has been passed
test "$#" -eq 1 || print_error_and_exit 4 "is_number(): There has not been passed exactly one argument!"
# check if the argument is an integer
test "" -eq "" 2>/dev/null
}
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
print_error_and_exit()
{
# check if exactly two arguments have been passed
test "$#" -eq 2 || print_error_and_exit 2 "print_error_and_exit(): There have not been passed exactly two arguments!"
# check if the first argument is a number
is_number "" || print_error_and_exit 3 "print_error_and_exit(): The argument #1 is not a number!"
bold=$(tput bold)
red=$(tput setaf 1)
nocolor=$(tput sgr0)
echo "$bold$red Exit code = .$nocolor" >&2
exit ""
}
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
check_for_prerequisite()
{
# check if exactly one argument has been passed
test "$#" -eq 1 || print_error_and_exit 1 "check_for_prerequisite(): There has not been passed exactly one argument!"
# check if the argument is a program which is installed
command -v "" > /dev/null 2>&1 || print_error_and_exit 127 "check_for_prerequisite(): I require but it's not installed :-("
}
check_for_prerequisite "xdotool"
check_for_prerequisite "wmctrl"
check_for_prerequisite "shuf"
check_for_prerequisite "xdpyinfo"
check_for_prerequisite "awk"
check_for_prerequisite "printf"
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
print_usage_and_exit()
{
# check if exactly one argument has been passed
test "$#" -eq 1 || print_error_and_exit 1 "print_usage_and_exit(): There has not been passed exactly one argument!"
# check if both of the arguments are numbers
is_number "" || print_error_and_exit 16 "print_usage_and_exit(): The argument is not a number! Exit code expected."
echo "Usage: [=13=] [-1]"
echo " -1: One-time coin collect."
echo "Default: Repeat coin collecting until interrupted."
exit ""
}
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
no_repeat=0
while getopts ":1h" option
do
case "$option" in
1)
no_repeat=1
;;
h)
print_usage_and_exit 0
;;
*)
print_usage_and_exit 1 >&2
;;
esac
done
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# global constants
window_name_chrome="Goodgame Empire - Google Chrome"
screen_resolution=$(xdpyinfo | awk '/dimensions:/ {print }')
# global variables
previous_rand=10
operation_add=1
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
generate_random_number()
{
# check if exactly two arguments have been passed
test "$#" -eq 2 || print_error_and_exit 5 "generate_random_number(): There have not been passed exactly two arguments!"
# check if the arguments are both numbers
is_number "" || print_error_and_exit 6 "generate_random_number(): The argument #1 is not a number!"
is_number "" || print_error_and_exit 7 "generate_random_number(): The argument #2 is not a number!"
# generate one pseudo-random integer within the specified range
shuf -i "-" -n 1
}
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
activate_window_via_name() {
# check if exactly one argument has been passed
test "$#" -eq 1 || print_error_and_exit 8 "activate_window_via_name(): There has not been passed exactly one argument!"
xdotool search --name "" windowactivate --sync
}
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
maximize_active_window() {
# check if no argument has been passed
test "$#" -eq 0 || print_error_and_exit 9 "maximize_active_window(): There has been passed some argument, none expected!"
wmctrl -r :ACTIVE: -b add,maximized_vert,maximized_horz
}
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
mouse_click() {
# check if exactly two arguments have been passed
test "$#" -eq 2 || print_error_and_exit 10 "mouse_click(): There have not been passed exactly two arguments!"
# check if both of the arguments are numbers
is_number "" || print_error_and_exit 11 "mouse_click(): The argument #1 is not a number!"
is_number "" || print_error_and_exit 12 "mouse_click(): The argument #2 is not a number!"
# 1. invert the operation_add boolean value,
# it seems Bash does not have inbuilt command for that
# N: operation_add determines whether we will be adding or
# subtracting the random number later
operation_add=$((1 - operation_add))
# 2. generate pseuso-random integer between 0 and 7, inclusive,
# if the generated number is the same as the previous_rand,
# generate until it is different
# N: rand will be later used as pixel offset from the given coordinates
# we define a constant for randomness
randomness=7
rand=$(generate_random_number 0 "$randomness")
while [ "$rand" -eq "$previous_rand" ]
do
rand=$(generate_random_number 0 "$randomness")
done
# 3. we don't want to repeat clicks right with the same offset,
# so we store information about the previous_rand here
previous_rand="$rand"
# 4. depending on the boolean value of operation_add,
# we either add the rand, or subtract it to/from the position x/y
if [ "$operation_add" -eq 1 ]
then
pos_x=$(( + rand))
pos_y=$(( + rand))
else
pos_x=$(( - rand))
pos_y=$(( - rand))
fi
# activate Goodgame Empire window and wait for sync,
# we need to do this before each click,
# because the user may have clicked on some other window
# during the 2 second delay
activate_window_via_name "$window_name_chrome"
maximize_active_window
# xdotool can move mouse and simulate button clicks and more
# ----------------------------------------------------------
# move the mouse cursor to the given position and wait for sync
# click the left mouse button
# restore the original mouse cursor position and wait for sync
# wait for 2 seconds
xdotool \
mousemove --sync "$pos_x" "$pos_y" \
click 1 \
mousemove --sync restore \
sleep 2
}
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
mouse_click_coords() {
while [ "$#" -gt 1 ]
do
mouse_click "" ""
shift 2
done
test "$#" -eq 1 || print_error_and_exit 14 "mouse_click_coords(): Coordinates must be in pairs!"
}
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
collect_coins_1920x1080() {
mouse_click_coords \
1895 955 \
1104 691 \
1131 660 \
1145 570 \
1199 381
}
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
collect_coins_3840x1080() {
mouse_click_coords \
3815 955 \
3024 691 \
3051 660 \
3065 570 \
3119 381
}
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
collect_coins() {
case "$screen_resolution" in
1920x1080) collect_coins_1920x1080
;;
3840x1080) collect_coins_3840x1080
;;
esac
}
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
if [ "$no_repeat" -eq 0 ]
then
echo "Repeating coin collecting until CTRL+C is pressed!"
while true
do
collect_coins
# wait for 10 minutes
sleep 600
done
else
echo "One-time coin collecting!"
collect_coins
fi
我建议将这一行重写为 if 语句
test "$#" -eq 1 || print_error_and_exit 14 "mouse_click_coords(): Coordinates must be in pairs!" }
在我看来，即使 $# 是 neq 1，它仍然评估 OR
用伪代码来说明
If parameter count = 1 then
print error
end if