我的 SQL-EXCEPT-Operator 有什么问题？

Question

当我从我的表 "Stats" 和 "Book" select "BookID" 中获得所需的结果时，我分别得到如下结果：

MariaDB [db1]> SELECT BookID From Book WHERE Author = 'AuthorX';
+--------+
| BookID |
+--------+
|   1003 |
+--------+


MariaDB [db1]> SELECT BookID From Stats WHERE BookID >= 1000;
+--------+
| BookID |
+--------+
|   1010 |
|   1005 |
|   1003 |
+--------+

但是当我尝试使用 EXCEPT 运算符时，出现错误

MariaDB [db1]> (SELECT BookID From Stats WHERE BookID >= 1000)
     -> EXCEPT
     -> (SELECT BookID From Book WHERE Author = 'AuthorX');
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MariaDB server version for the right syntax to use near 'EXCEPT (SELECT BookID From Book WHERE Author = 'AuthorX')' at line 1

我希望的输出是：

+--------+
| BookID |
+--------+
|   1010 |
|   1005 |
+--------+

我做错了什么？我试过带支架和不带支架，但不知道接下来要尝试什么？

编辑：尝试使用 NOT IN

SELECT BookID From Stats WHERE BookID >= 1000 NOT IN  
(SELECT BookID From Book WHERE Author = 'AuthorX');

产量

+--------+
| BookID |
+--------+
|      3 |
|   1010 |
|   1005 |
|   1003 |
+--------+

EDIT2："AND BookID NOT IN" EXCEPT 作品

仍然很想知道为什么 EXCEPT 不

EDIT3：来自 https://mariadb.com/kb/en/library/except/ 的示例确实有效……

EDIT4：MariaDB Vers<10.3 没有 EXCEPT ~~似乎是~~ 是答案。

仍然想知道为什么示例有效...

Answer 1

删除括号。

看起来 "nicer" 三行...

SELECT `BookID` From `Stats` WHERE `BookID` >= 1000
EXCEPT
SELECT `BookID` From `Book`  WHERE `Author`  = 'AuthorX'

这与您在 UNION ALL 中看到的非常相似...

SELECT BookID From Book WHERE Title LIKE 'Harry Potter%'
UNION ALL
SELECT BookID From Book WHERE Author LIKE '%Toklien%'

编辑:

或者只是尝试一个替代表达式（如果在旧版本的 MariaDB 上）...

SELECT BookID
  FROM Book
 WHERE BookID >= 1000
   AND BookID NOT IN (SELECT BookID
                        FROM Book
                       WHERE Author = 'AuthorX'
                     )

或者...

SELECT BookID
  FROM Book
 WHERE BookID >= 1000
   AND NOT EXISTS (SELECT *
                     FROM Book  lookup
                    WHERE lookup.Author = 'AuthorX'
                      AND lookup.BookID = Book.BookID
                  )

或者...

SELECT
  *
FROM
(
  SELECT BookID FROM Book WHERE BookID >= 1000
)
  high_id
LEFT JOIN
(
  SELECT BookID FROM Book WHERE Author = 'AuthorX'
)
  target_author
    ON target_author.BookID = high_id.BookID
WHERE
  target_author.BookID IS NULL

我的 SQL-EXCEPT-Operator 有什么问题？

What's wrong with my SQL-EXCEPT-Operator?

sql

mysql-error-1064

sql-except