在 python 中安装 vtk

Installing vtk in python

VTK 包有 recently been made available for pip,但是当我在 Ubuntu 14.04 上尝试 运行 pip install --user --upgrade vtk(或使用 pip3)时,我得到的只是是:

Could not find any downloads that satisfy the requirement vtk in /usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7
Downloading/unpacking vtk
Cleaning up...
No distributions at all found for vtk in /usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7
Storing debug log for failure in /home/ignacio/.pip/pip.log

并且日志文件显示:

Getting page https://pypi.python.org/simple/vtk/
URLs to search for versions for vtk in /usr/lib/pymodules/python2.7:
* https://pypi.python.org/simple/vtk/
Analyzing links from page https://pypi.python.org/simple/vtk/
  ...
  Skipping https://pypi.python.org/packages/13/7f/735fbc0dd78c91ad3693cfdfe5c91603899fc8e24909f935d46d2fde6559/vtk-8.1.0-cp27-cp27mu-manylinux1_x86_64.whl#md5=49c8d620b2affe2dc2284048659115e5 (from https://pypi.python.org/simple/vtk/) because it is not compatible with this Python
  ...

但我肯定有 CPython 2.7.6 和 3.4.3(或者他们是这么说的),并且我已经用 pip/pip3 安装了其他软件包。可能是什么原因 "is not compatible with this Python"?

python -c "from pip import pep425tags;print(pep425tags.supported_tags)"的输出包括('cp27', 'cp27mu', 'manylinux1_x86_64')

我看过针对此类问题建议的解决方案:

$ pip install --update pip

当然,我之前更新过 pip。原来新的pip版本没有被使用,可能是因为我是给用户安装的,不是给系统安装的。

所以最后它通过使用 python -m pip 而不是 pip:

$ python -m pip install --upgrade --user vtk

然后:

$ python -c 'import vtk ; print vtk.vtkVersion.GetVTKVersion()'
8.1.0